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Study details path to sustainable aviation biofuels industry in Northwest

2011-05-26
SEATTLE–The Pacific Northwest has the diverse feedstocks, fuel-delivery infrastructure and political will needed to create a viable biofuels industry capable of reducing greenhouse gases and meeting the future fuel demands of the aviation industry. Creating an aviation biofuels industry, however, will depend upon securing early government policy support to prioritize the aviation industry in U.S. biofuel development. That's the conclusion announced today in a 10-month study by Sustainable Aviation Fuels Northwest (SAFN), the nation's first regional stakeholder effort to ...

Most labor unions unlikely to follow decertification path of NFL players

Most labor unions unlikely to follow decertification path of NFL players
2011-05-26
CHAMPAIGN, Ill. — With legislation to diminish private- and public-sector collective bargaining rights already in the books in Wisconsin and Ohio, should more labor unions steal a page from the playbook of the NFL Players Association and decertify? Although there are parallels between the pros and regular Joes (and Janes), union decertification is not a viable strategy for ordinary workers to use when bargaining for better wages and working conditions, says a University of Illinois law and labor expert. Whether it's a teacher in Wisconsin or a construction worker in Indiana, ...

Autism changes molecular structure of the brain, UCLA study finds

2011-05-26
For decades, autism researchers have faced a baffling riddle: how to unravel a disorder that leaves no known physical trace as it develops in the brain. Now a UCLA study is the first to reveal how the disorder makes its mark at the molecular level, resulting in an autistic brain that differs dramatically in structure from a healthy one. Published May 25 in the advance online edition of Nature, the findings provide new insight into how genes and proteins go awry in autism to alter the mind. The discovery also identifies a new line of attack for researchers, who ...

Caltech-led team debunks theory on end of 'Snowball Earth' ice age

Caltech-led team debunks theory on end of Snowball Earth ice age
2011-05-26
PASADENA, Calif.—There's a theory about how the Marinoan ice age—also known as the "Snowball Earth" ice age because of its extreme low temperatures—came to an abrupt end some 600 million years ago. It has to do with large amounts of methane, a strong greenhouse gas, bubbling up through ocean sediments and from beneath the permafrost and heating the atmosphere. The main physical evidence behind this theory has been samples of cap dolostone from south China, which were known to have a lot less of the carbon-13 isotope than is normally found in these types of carbonate rocks. ...

Pitt team recreates brain cell networks with new view of activity behind memory formation

Pitt team recreates brain cell networks with new view of activity behind memory formation
2011-05-26
PITTSBURGH—University of Pittsburgh researchers have reproduced the brain's complex electrical impulses onto models made of living brain cells that provide an unprecedented view of the neuron activity behind memory formation. The team fashioned ring-shaped networks of brain cells that were not only capable of transmitting an electrical impulse, but also remained in a state of persistent activity associated with memory formation, said lead researcher Henry Zeringue [zuh-rang], a bioengineering professor in Pitt's Swanson School of Engineering. Magnetic resonance images ...

Violent video games reduce brain response to violence and increase aggressive behavior

Violent video games reduce brain response to violence and increase aggressive behavior
2011-05-26
VIDEO: Scientists have known for years that playing violent video games causes players to become more aggressive. The findings of a new University of Missouri study provide one explanation for... Click here for more information. COLUMBIA, Mo. – Scientists have known for years that playing violent video games causes players to become more aggressive. The findings of a new University of Missouri (MU) study provide one explanation for why this occurs: the brains of violent ...

Many patients fail to properly take oral chemo, leading to complications

2011-05-26
EAST LANSING, Mich. — As the use of oral chemotherapy continues to rise, researchers from Michigan State University have discovered many patients fail to properly take the cancer-fighting medication, a significant clinical problem that can result in complications and premature death. That lack of adherence needs to be addressed by the health care community, said College of Nursing researcher Barbara Given, who led the study that is published in the May edition of Seminars in Oncology Nursing. "Given the increasing use of oral chemotherapy in treating cancer, patient ...

Big bucks for MLB megastars mean big team profits, but fewer wins

2011-05-26
ANN ARBOR, Mich.---Spending top dollar for megastar players like Miguel Cabrera and Alex Rodriguez helps Major League Baseball teams attract fans and earn higher profits, but clubs that spend the bulk of their player payroll on a couple of superstars ultimately win fewer games, a University of Michigan study shows. "Superstars who are paid more could bring more to the team in terms of profits," said Jason Winfree, an associate professor of sport management at the U-M School of Kinesiology. "The flip side of that is that a more equitable pay scale among all players results ...

Protein drinks after exercise help maintain aging muscles

2011-05-26
Bethesda, MD—A new research report appearing online in the FASEB Journal (http://www.fasebj.org) shows that what someone drinks after exercise plays a critical role in maximizing the effects of exercise. Specifically, the report shows that protein drinks after aerobic activity increases the training effect after six weeks, when compared to carbohydrate drinks. Additionally, this study suggests that this effect can be seen using as little as 20 grams of protein. "It is not a mystery that exercise and nutrition help slow the aging process," said Benjamin F. Miller, Ph.D., ...

Unique nerve-stimulation treatment proves effective against drug-resistant epilepsy

2011-05-26
Medications are the mainstay of treatment for epilepsy, but for a considerable number of patients — estimated to be as many as 1 million in the U.S. — drugs don't work. These patients suffer from a type of epilepsy known as refractory or drug-resistant epilepsy, in which drugs can't control their seizures. But at an epilepsy conference last month, Dr. Christopher DeGiorgio, a UCLA professor of neurology, presented the results of a non-invasive, non-pharmaceutical treatment that shows promise in controlling seizures. In his talk at the Antiepileptic Drug Trials XI ...

Losing more than 15 percent of body weight significantly boosts vitamin D levels in overweight women

2011-05-26
SEATTLE – Overweight or obese women with less-than-optimal levels of vitamin D who lose more than 15 percent of their body weight experience significant increases in circulating levels of this fat-soluble nutrient, according to a new study by researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center. "Since vitamin D is generally lower in persons with obesity, it is possible that low vitamin D could account, in part, for the link between obesity and diseases such as cancer, heart disease and diabetes," said Caitlin Mason, Ph.D., lead author of the paper, published online May ...

High-fat diet during pregnancy programs child for future diabetes

2011-05-26
URBANA – A high-fat diet during pregnancy may program a woman's baby for future diabetes, even if she herself is not obese or diabetic, says a new University of Illinois study published in the Journal of Physiology. "We found that exposure to a high-fat diet before birth modifies gene expression in the livers of offspring so they are more likely to overproduce glucose, which can cause early insulin resistance and diabetes," said Yuan-Xiang Pan, a U of I professor of nutrition. The high-fat diet that caused these changes was a typical Western diet that contained 45 percent ...

'I can hear a building over there'

2011-05-26
It is common knowledge that bats and dolphins echolocate, emitting bursts of sounds and then listening to the echoes that bounce back to detect objects. What is less well-known is that people can echolocate too. In fact, there are blind people who have learned to make clicks with their mouths and to use the returning echoes from those clicks to sense their surroundings. Some of these individuals are so adept at echolocation that they can use this skill to navigate unknown environments, and participate in activities such as mountain biking and basketball. Researchers at ...

Mars: Red planet's rapid formation explains its small size relative to Earth

Mars: Red planets rapid formation explains its small size relative to Earth
2011-05-26
Mars developed in as little as two to four million years after the birth of the solar system, far more quickly than Earth, according to results of a new study published in this week's issue of the journal Nature. The red planet's rapid formation helps explain why it is so small, say the study's co-authors, Nicolas Dauphas at the University of Chicago and Ali Pourmand at the University of Miami. Their research was funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF). Mars probably is not a terrestrial planet like Earth, which grew to its full size over 50 to 100 million ...

Scientists discover the largest assembly of whale sharks ever recorded

Scientists discover the largest assembly of whale sharks ever recorded
2011-05-26
Whale sharks (Rhincodon typus) are often thought to be solitary behemoths that live and feed in the open ocean. Scientists at the Smithsonian Institution and colleagues, however, have found that this is not necessarily the case, finding that whale sharks can be gregarious and amass in the hundreds to feed in coastal waters. Aggregations, or schools, of whale sharks have been witnessed in the past, ranging from several individual sharks to a few dozen. However this new research, which involved both surface and aerial surveys, has revealed an enormous aggregation of whale ...

Economic recovery is stronger in states where people are more optimistic, says UM study

2011-05-26
Coral Gables, Fla. – May 25, 2011 – Economic recessions are weaker, expansions are stronger, and economic recovery is faster in U.S. states where people are more optimistic says a new study from the University of Miami School of Business Administration. Further, the effects are stronger in states where people are older, less educated and less socially connected. "Previous studies have shown that economic conditions affect mood – people would expect this, it's more obvious," said Alok Kumar, the Gabelli Asset Management Professor of Finance at the University of Miami ...

MIT research: Taxation without documentation

2011-05-26
CAMBRIDGE, Mass. -- Developing countries often lack the official government structure needed to collect taxes efficiently. This lack of systematic tax collection limits the ability of those countries to provide public services that aid growth, such as roads, sanitation and access to water. But a new study co-authored by MIT economist Benjamin Olken reveals that developing countries actually have extensive informal systems in which citizens contribute money and labor to public-works projects. In effect, local governments in the developing world collect more taxes and produce ...

Thoughts that win

2011-05-26
Back in high school, on the soccer field, poised to take a crucial penalty kick, "I always had a lot of thoughts going on in my head; I think most people do" says sports psychologist Antonis Hatzigeorgiadis. "I was setting the ball and planning my shot; I was the captain and never missed those types of shots; then I had that thought striking me that it was not going to be good. I knew I was going to miss," he recalls, "and I did miss." Even then, he could see that his mind had a big effect on his body. From these unhappy experiences evolved Hatzigeorgiadis' interest ...

The Spitzer photo atlas of galactic 'train wrecks'

The Spitzer photo atlas of galactic train wrecks
2011-05-26
Five billion years from now, our Milky Way galaxy will collide with the Andromeda galaxy. This will mark a moment of both destruction and creation. The galaxies will lose their separate identities as they merge into one. At the same time, cosmic clouds of gas and dust will smash together, triggering the birth of new stars. To understand our past and imagine our future, we must understand what happens when galaxies collide. But since galaxy collisions take place over millions to billions of years, we can't watch a single collision from start to finish. Instead, we must ...

New University of Houston research study links job stress in teachers to student achievement

New University of Houston research study links job stress in teachers to student achievement
2011-05-26
After 17 years of researching traumatic stress with war-afflicted populations (veterans and civilians) and job stress in the medical profession, Teresa McIntyre, a research professor in the department of psychology and the Texas Institute for Evaluation, Measurement and Statistics (TIMES), at the University of Houston (UH), decided to study another high risk occupation, middle school teachers in seventh and eighth grade. "Teaching is a highly stressful occupation," McIntyre said. "Teacher stress affects various aspects of teacher health and may influence how effective ...

NASA's TRMM satellite sees a well-organized, major Typhoon Songda

NASAs TRMM satellite sees a well-organized, major Typhoon Songda
2011-05-26
Typhoon Songda was east of the Philippines when the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite had an early evening view on May 25, 2011 at 0903 UTC (05:03 EDT) and saw good organization within the storm and heavy rainfall. Songda has intensified into a major typhoon as it tracks parallel to the east coast of the northern Philippines, spawning warnings. Both TRMM's Microwave Imager (TMI) and Precipitation Radar (PR) instruments were used to provide the rainfall analysis. TRMM's TMI had the best coverage of rainfall with Songda and showed well organized bands ...

Newton Hearing Doctor Launches Online Educational Videos and Interviews for Enhanced Patient Knowledge

2011-05-26
Dr. William Mason, Medical Director, and Dr. Kenneth Bozeman, Newton hearing doctors, invite patients to visit Enhanced Auditory Resources' (E.A.R.) educational website to view and listen to informative videos on hearing loss and hearing aids. The helpful videos included on the practice's state-of-the-art website include an educational video on hearing and an interview with Dr. Mason. The first video provides information on various topics regarding, hearing loss and hearing aids. Topics include how you hear, hearing loss, diagnosis, treatment and technology, and additional ...

DKSA Tools of Atlanta, Georgia Celebrates 25 Years of Business Experience

DKSA Tools of Atlanta, Georgia Celebrates 25 Years of Business Experience
2011-05-26
DSKA Tools, which is headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, is proud to be celebrating over 25 years in the heavy equipment and diesel engine field. DSKA Tools, run by the Quinn family, is a prominent tool and equipment reseller. DSKA Tools provides quality tools for professional mechanics, both diesel and automotive. Furthermore, it is an authorized reseller of Genius Hand Tools, SK Tools, and Grey Pneumatic; which are some of the best tools in the business. "We don't just peddle tools and equipment. We actually use the products we sell," says Darren Quinn, principal ...

'Guide vests' -- robotic navigation aids for the visually impaired

Guide vests -- robotic navigation aids for the visually impaired
2011-05-26
VIDEO: A totally blind subject makes her way up a corridor. The system uses Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) software to build maps of the environment and identify a safe path... Click here for more information. For the visually impaired, navigating city streets or neighborhoods has constant challenges. And most such people still must rely on a very rudimentary technology—a simple cane—to help them make their way through a complex world. A group of University ...

Study shows 19 percent of young adults have high blood pressure

2011-05-26
Roughly 19 percent of young adults may have high blood pressure, according to an analysis of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health), which is supported by the National Institutes of Health. The researchers took blood pressure readings of more than 14,000 men and women between 24 and 32 years of age who were enrolled in the long-running study. The analysis was conducted by Kathleen Mullan Harris, Ph.D., principal investigator of the study, and colleagues at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. The study's first author was Quynh ...
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