PRESS-NEWS.org - Press Release Distribution
PRESS RELEASES DISTRIBUTION

Decreased diversity of bacteria microbiome in the gut is associated with risk of colorectal cancer

2013-12-07
(Press-News.org) Contact information: Zachary Rathner
Zachary.Rathner@oup.com
919-677-2697
Journal of the National Cancer Institute
Decreased diversity of bacteria microbiome in the gut is associated with risk of colorectal cancer Decreased diversity in the microbial community found in the human gut is associated with colorectal cancer, according to a new study published December 6 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

Previous studies suggest a role for the gut microbiota in colorectal cancer (CRC), but comprehensive epidemiological studies comparing samples from case and control subjects that also consider potential confounders and adjust for multiple comparisons inherently involved in microbiome analysis have not been reported.

Jiyoung Ahn, Ph.D., from Department of Population Health at New York University School of Medicine in New York, NY, and colleagues compared samples and data from participants enrolled in a case-control study. DNA was extracted from fecal samples from 47 case subjects and 94 sex- and body mass index-matched control subjects and was sequenced to determine the gut microbial community structure of case vs control subjects. Odds ratios to determine the relationship between gut microbiota of case subjects vs control subjects were calculated using logistic regression analysis after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, race, smoking, and sequencing batch. They found decreased bacterial diversity in the gut was associated with CRC risk.

The authors highlight several trends in abundance of some key bacteria in the fecal samples they analyzed from case and control subjects that contribute to the decreased diversity associated with CRC risk which they report. Case subjects showed decreased levels of Clostridia, which include some bacterial family members that ferment dietary fiber, to butyrate, which is a major colonic metabolite that may inhibit inflammation and carcinogenesis in the colon. Also of note, increased levels of Fusobacterium and Porphyromonas, bacteria related to inflammation in in the mouth and gastrointestinal track was observed for case vs control subjects. The authors write, "Because of the potentially modifiable nature of the gut bacteria, our findings may have implications for CRC prevention."

In an accompanying editorial, Volker Mai, Ph.D., M.P.H., and J. Glenn Morris, Jr., M.D., M.P.H., T.M. from the University of Florida at Gainesville FL, say the findings by Ahn et al. are exciting. However, they also write, "CRC occurrence is known to be influenced by host genetics, as well as factors such as obesity, nutrition and exercise; given that these factors also influence microbiota, separation of cause and effect among all of these factors may become quite difficult." Mai and Morris conclude that prospective cohort studies are therefore warranted.

### Contact Info:

Brief Communication: Lorinda Klein, Assoc. Dir. Media Relations, NYU School of Medicine, 212.404.3533/917.693.4846. (LorindaAnn.Klein@nyumc.org)

Editorial: Volker Mai, Ph.D., M.P.H., vmai@ufl.edu


ELSE PRESS RELEASES FROM THIS DATE:

Gut microbes may be a risk factor for colorectal cancer

2013-12-07
Gut microbes may be a risk factor for colorectal cancer Findings have potential implications for prevention and treatment of the second leading cause of cancer death in the US (New York City) December 6, 2013 -- ...

NIST calibration tools to encourage use of novel medical imaging technique

2013-12-07
NIST calibration tools to encourage use of novel medical imaging technique The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has developed prototype calibration tools for an experimental medical imaging technique that offers ...

Cancer-promoting protein is vital to safe division of tumor cells

2013-12-07
Cancer-promoting protein is vital to safe division of tumor cells PKM2 controls mitosis, saving cancer cells from death and promoting brain tumor growth HOUSTON – Researchers have caught a protein they previously implicated in a variety ...

CU researchers may have discovered a plan to disable Meniere's disease

2013-12-07
CU researchers may have discovered a plan to disable Meniere's disease AURORA, Colo. (Dec. 6, 2013) Researchers at University of Colorado School of Medicine may have figured out what causes Meniere's disease and how to attack it. According to ...

Atlantic Ocean's system 90L gets an infrared NASA look

2013-12-07
Atlantic Ocean's system 90L gets an infrared NASA look NASA's infrared instrument called AIRS that flies aboard the Aqua satellite gave scientists another look at the clouds and convection happening in a non-tropical low pressure area that's struggling to organize ...

NASA satellite catches birth of Tropical Cyclone 06B

2013-12-07
NASA satellite catches birth of Tropical Cyclone 06B NASA's Aqua satellite provided visible and infrared satellite imagery to forecasters helping confirm the birth of the sixth tropical cyclone of the Northern Indian Ocean cyclone season. Tropical Cyclone 06B, ...

Clinical waste may prove valuable for monitoring treatment response in ovarian cancer

2013-12-07
Clinical waste may prove valuable for monitoring treatment response in ovarian cancer Novel device able to isolate, analyze cancer cells from usually discarded abdominal fluid A microchip-based device developed by Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) ...

To improve foster care, add a psychiatric nurse to treatment team

2013-12-07
To improve foster care, add a psychiatric nurse to treatment team Nurses bring fresh perspective to caring for troubled teens, Saint Louis U researcher finds ST. LOUIS -- Psychiatric nurses offer a missing and critical point of view in treating adolescents in foster ...

H7N9 influenza virus not adapted to efficient human-to-human transmission

2013-12-07
H7N9 influenza virus not adapted to efficient human-to-human transmission WHAT: The avian H7N9 influenza virus that emerged earlier this year in China is poorly adapted for sustained transmission between humans, suggesting ...

Stanford scientists probe abandoned mine for clues about permanent CO2 sequestration

2013-12-07
Stanford scientists probe abandoned mine for clues about permanent CO2 sequestration VIDEO: Stanford University Professor Kate Maher is exploring ways to convert carbon ...

LAST 30 PRESS RELEASES:

Fentanyl detection through packaging

Prof. Eran Meshorer elected to EMBO for pioneering work in epigenetics

New 3D glacier visualizations provide insights into a hotter Earth

Creativity across disciplines

Consequences of low Antarctic sea ice

Hear here: How loudness and acoustic cues help us judge where a speaker is facing

A unique method of rare-earth recycling can strengthen the raw material independence of Europe and America

Epilepsy self-management program shows promise to control seizures, improve mood and quality of life

Fat may play an important role in brain metabolism

New study finds no lasting impact of pandemic pet ownership on human well-being

New insights on genetic damage of some chemotherapies could guide future treatments with less harmful side effects

Gut microbes could protect us from toxic ‘forever chemicals’

Novel modelling links sea ice loss to Antarctic ice shelf calving events

Scientists can tell how fast you're aging from a single brain scan

U.S. uterine cancer incidence and mortality rates expected to significantly increase by 2050

Public take the lead in discovery of new exploding star

What are they vaping? Study reveals alarming surge in adolescent vaping of THC, CBD, and synthetic cannabinoids

ECMWF - delivering forecasts over 10 times faster and cutting energy usage by 1000

Brazilian neuroscientist reveals how viral infections transform the brain through microscopic detective work

Turning social fragmentation into action through discovering relatedness

Cheese may really be giving you nightmares, scientists find

Study reveals most common medical emergencies in schools

Breathable yet protective: Next-gen medical textiles with micro/nano networks

Frequency-engineered MXene supercapacitors enable efficient pulse charging in TENG–SC hybrid systems

Developed an AI-based classification system for facial pigmented lesions

Achieving 20% efficiency in halogen-free organic solar cells via isomeric additive-mediated sequential processing

New book Terraglossia reclaims language, Country and culture

The most effective diabetes drugs don't reach enough patients yet

Breast cancer risk in younger women may be influenced by hormone therapy

Strategies for staying smoke-free after rehab

[Press-News.org] Decreased diversity of bacteria microbiome in the gut is associated with risk of colorectal cancer