Understanding how the stomach responds to injury could help target therapy against gastric damage
2015-03-06
(Press-News.org) Bethesda, MD (March 5, 2015) -- A better understanding of the stomach's immune response to Helicobater pylori (H. pylori) infection could lead to new therapies targeting damage in the stomach, report researchers in the March issue of Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the basic science journal of the American Gastroenterological Association.
When H. pylori infection is present, the alarmin Interleukin (IL)-33 is a critical messenger that triggers changes necessary for coping with the injuries caused by the infection. Specifically, it actives an inflammatory immune response that begins the process of cell loss that can lead to the onset of metaplasia.
"These (IL-33) immune cell drivers of proliferation and expansion of metaplasia may be a critical target for intervention and further research," said lead study author Jon N. Buzzelli, PhD, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Royal Children's Hospital.
Researchers found that IL-3 is elevated during acute response to infection. It declines in chronic infection. This may account for alterations observed in patients with chronic infection.
This investigation used a number of mouse models to define patterns of immune regulation of gastric pathology.
"Since other studies have noted that IL-33 may be elevated in association with metastatic gastric cancer, further investigations will be necessary to determine the changing influences of IL-33 at different stages of cancer development," notes James R. Goldenring, MD, PhD, AGAF, associate editor, Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology.
INFORMATION:
This study was supported by the Victorian Government's Operational Infrastructure Support Program and National Health and Medical Research Council Australia (APP1006688).
1 Buzzelli, Jon N., et al., IL33 Is a Stomach Alarmin That Initiates a Skewed Th2 Response to Injury and Infection, Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2015: 1(2): 203-221.e3, http://www.cmghjournal.org/article/S2352-345X(14)00013-7/abstract
About the AGA Institute
The American Gastroenterological Association is the trusted voice of the GI community. Founded in 1897, the AGA has grown to include more than 16,000 members from around the globe who are involved in all aspects of the science, practice and advancement of gastroenterology. The AGA Institute administers the practice, research and educational programs of the organization. http://www.gastro.org.
About Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology
CMGH is the newest peer-reviewed journal published by the American Gastroenterological Association (AGA). The mission of CMGH is to publish impactful digestive biology research that ranges from mechanisms of normal function to pathobiology and covers a broad spectrum of themes in gastroenterology, hepatology and pancreatology. The journal reports the latest advances in cell biology, immunology, physiology, microbiology, genetics and neurobiology of gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary, and pancreatic health and disease. For more information, visit http://www.cmghjournal.org.
Like AGA and CMGH on Facebook.
Join AGA on LinkedIn.
Follow us on Twitter @AmerGastroAssn.
Check out our videos on YouTube.
ELSE PRESS RELEASES FROM THIS DATE:
2015-03-06
San Diego, CA--Prenatal exposure to low doses of the environmental contaminants polychlorinated biphenyls, or PCBs, change the developing brain in an area involved in metabolism, and some effects are apparent even two generations later, a new study finds. Performed in rats, the research will be presented Friday at the Endocrine Society's 97th annual meeting in San Diego.
Hereditary effects included increased body weight, but only in descendants of females--and not males--exposed to PCBs in the womb, said study co-author Andrea Gore, PhD, professor at the University of ...
2015-03-06
San Diego, CA--Early exposure in the human womb to phthalates, which are common environmental chemicals, disrupts the masculinization of male genitals, according to a new study that will be presented Sunday at the Endocrine Society's 97th annual meeting in San Diego.
Phthalates are hormone-altering chemicals, called endocrine disruptors, and are found in many plastics, containerized foods and personal care products.
The clinical study not only confirms similar results of animal studies, it also provides new information about how phthalates target a main pregnancy hormone, ...
2015-03-06
San Diego, CA--Exposure during pregnancy to a combination of fire retardant chemicals and phthalate chemicals--both present in the average home--can contribute to autistic-like behaviors in the offspring, according to an animal study to be presented Thursday at the Endocrine Society's 97th annual meeting in San Diego.
"Our research points to potentially preventable causes of autism, which remains a diagnosis with enormous social costs and limited solutions," said lead study author Stephanie Degroote, MSc, a PhD student at the University of Sherbrooke in Sherbrooke, Quebec, ...
2015-03-06
SAN DIEGO, CA and BRUSSELS, BELGIUM-A new economic analysis found exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals likely costs the European Union €157 billion ($209 billion) a year in actual health care expenses and lost earning potential, according to a new series of studies published in the Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism.
The authors presented the findings today at simultaneous press events at ENDO 2015, the Endocrine Society's 97th Annual Meeting & Expo, and in Brussels, Belgium.
Global experts in this field concluded that ...
2015-03-06
San Diego, CA--Male partners of infertile obese females may increase the odds of conceiving a child by improving their own weight and dietary habits, preliminary results from a pilot study from Canada suggest. The results will be presented Thursday, March 5, at ENDO 2015, the annual meeting of the Endocrine Society in San Diego.
"We were thrilled to observe a significant relationship between some dietary changes and weight loss in men with the occurrence of a conception, when we compared the men in couples who conceived with those who did not," said lead author Matea ...
2015-03-06
San Diego, CA--The composition of intestinal bacteria and other micro-organisms--called the gut microbiota--changes over time in unhealthy ways in black men who are prediabetic, a new study finds. The results will be presented Friday at the Endocrine Society's 97th annual meeting in San Diego.
Researchers previously found that the gut microbiota--containing both beneficial and harmful microbes--can affect human health in many ways and that the mix of this community of microscopic organisms differs in people with Type 2 diabetes compared with healthy individuals. However, ...
2015-03-06
San Diego, CA--A synthetic nasal formulation of the hormone oxytocin reduced caloric intake in healthy men, particularly consumption of fatty foods, after a single treatment, a new study finds. The results, to be presented Sunday at The Endocrine Society's 97th annual meeting in San Diego, confirm those of animal studies showing oxytocin reduces food intake.
Oxytocin nasal spray reportedly lowered the number of calories men consumed at a subsequent breakfast whether they were normal weight or overweight. In addition, the researchers found that oxytocin improved metabolic ...
2015-03-06
Astronomers using the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope have, for the first time, spotted four images of a distant exploding star. The images are arranged in a cross-shaped pattern by the powerful gravity of a foreground galaxy embedded in a massive cluster of galaxies. The supernova discovery paper will appear on 6 March 2015 in a special issue of Science celebrating the centenary of Albert Einstein's theory of general relativity.
Whilst looking closely at a massive elliptical galaxy and its associated galaxy cluster MACS J1149+2223 -- whose light took over 5 billion years ...
2015-03-06
San Diego, CA--A new soybean oil genetically modified to be healthier than conventional soybean oil causes obesity, pre-diabetes and fatty liver in a nearly identical manner to that of regular soybean oil when part of a typical American high-fat diet, an animal study shows. The study results will be presented Friday at The Endocrine Society's 97th annual meeting in San Diego.
The recently introduced high-oleic soybean oil (Plenish, from DuPont Pioneer) had not been tested for long-term metabolic effects until this study, said the senior investigator, Frances Sladek, PhD, ...
2015-03-06
A pilot study in 51 N.C. classrooms shows the effectiveness of a new measure in assessing the quality of practices in inclusive preschools. Not only is the Inclusive Classroom Profile (ICP) a reliable instrument, researchers say it also reveals the types of inclusive settings that may be best serving preschoolers with disabilities.
"Inclusion encourages active participation and a sense of belonging and membership for all children, with and without disabilities, who learn and develop in the same classroom," explained the study's lead author Elena P. Soukakou, senior lecturer ...
LAST 30 PRESS RELEASES:
[Press-News.org] Understanding how the stomach responds to injury could help target therapy against gastric damage
