(Press-News.org) The just-announced Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to University of Washington Professor David Baker, Google DeepMind CEO Hershavis, and Principal Investigator John Jumper for their work using AI to predict the structure of proteins, enabling the discovery of new drugs and new materials. In an era where AI and data are driving the scientific revolution, quantum computing technology is emerging as another game-changer in the development of new drugs and new materials.
Dr. Hyang-Tag Lim's research team at the Center for Quantum Technology at the Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) has implemented a quantum computing algorithm that can estimate interatomic bond distances and ground state energies with chemical accuracy using fewer resources than conventional methods, and has succeeded in performing accurate calculations without the need for additional quantum error mitigation techniques.
Quantum computers have the disadvantage of rapidly increasing errors as the computational space grows at the current level. To overcome this, the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) method, which combines the advantages of classical and quantum computers, has emerged. VQE is a hybrid algorithm designed to use a Quantum Processing Unit (QPU) and a Classical Processing Unit (CPU) together to perform faster computations. Global research teams, including IBM and Google, are investigating it in a variety of quantum systems, including superconducting and trapped-ion system. However, qubit-based VQE is currently only implemented up to 2 qubits in photonic systems and 12 qubits in superconducting systems, and is challenged by error issues that make it difficult to scale when more qubits and complex computations are required.
Instead of qubits, the team utilized a higher-dimensional form of quantum information called a qudit. A qudit is a quantum unit that can have multiple states, including 0, 1, and 2, in addition to the 0 and 1 that a traditional qubit can represent, which is advantageous for complex quantum computations. In this study, a qudit was implemented by the orbital angular momentum state of a single-photon, and dimensional expansion was possible by adjusting the phase of a photon through holographic images. This allowed for high-dimensional calculations without complex quantum gates, reducing errors.
The team used the method to perform quantum chemistry calculations with VQE to estimate the bond length between hydrogen molecules in four dimensions and lithium hydride (LiH) molecules in 16 dimensions, the first time 16-dimensional calculations have been realized in photonic systems. While conventional VQEs from IBM, Google, and others are required error mitigation techniques for chemical accuracy, the KIST team's VQE achieved chemical accuracy without any error mitigation techniques. This demonstrates how high accuracy can be achieved with fewer resources, showing the potential for widespread application in industries where molecular properties are important. It is also expected to be useful in solving complex problems such as climate modeling.
"By securing qudit-based quantum computing technology that can achieve chemical accuracy with fewer resources, we expect it to be used in various practical fields, such as developing new drugs and improving battery performance," said Dr. Hyang-Tag Lim of KIST.
###
KIST was established in 1966 as the first government-funded research institute in Korea. KIST now strives to solve national and social challenges and secure growth engines through leading and innovative research. For more information, please visit KIST’s website at https://eng.kist.re.kr/
This research was supported by the Ministry of Science and ICT (Minister Yoo Sang-im) through the KIST Institutional Program and the Korea Research Foundation Quantum Computing Technology Development Project (2022M3E4A1043330). The research was published in the international journal Science Advances (IF: 11.7 JCR field top 7.8%).
END
Photon qubits challenge AI, enabling more accurate quantum computing without error-correction techniques
Implementing molecular structure-level quantum simulations using a single photon qudit
2024-11-21
[Attachments] See images for this press release:
ELSE PRESS RELEASES FROM THIS DATE:
Single gene causes embryo notochord deformity in zebrafish
2024-11-21
Can a single protein-encoding gene determine whether a vertebrate embryo develops normally? Yes, according to Osaka Metropolitan University researchers, who found that suppression of Pcdh8 is essential for the notochord to elongate properly in zebrafish.
Graduate School of Medicine Dr. Masatake Kai and Professor Makoto Kondo focused on this paraxial protocadherin (PAPC), which is excluded when dividing cells migrate and form the notochord in the embryo.
In the experiments with zebrafish embryo, when this PAPC is not ...
Sylvester Cancer Tip Sheet - Nov 2024
2024-11-21
NOVEMBER TIP SHEET - SYLVESTER COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CENTER
CANCER RESEARCH
Sylvester Researchers to Share Insights at ASH 2024 Annual Meeting
Dozens of physician-scientists and other investigators from Sylvester Cancer will share their insights at ASH 2024, the American Society of Hematology’s 66th-annual meeting in San Diego, Dec. 7-10. Sylvester researchers will be involved in more than 130 presentations, including oral, poster and special sessions. Additionally, Sylvester Director Stephen D. Nimer, MD, will receive the 2024 ASH Mentor Award for his exemplary work in mentoring trainees and colleagues.
BREAST CANCER
The Cancer Journey: Asking For and Accepting Help
Journalist ...
AI speaks volumes when it comes to detecting Parkinson’s disease
2024-11-21
Algorithms that can detect subtle changes in a person’s voice are emerging as a potential new diagnostic tool for Parkinson’s disease, according to researchers from Iraq and Australia.
Speech impairments are often the first indicators of the fastest-growing neurological disease in the world, affecting more than 8.5 million people, but traditional diagnostic methods are often complex and slow, delaying early detection.
Researchers from Middle Technical University (MTU) in Baghdad and the University of South Australia (UniSA) have recently published a conference paper reviewing ...
Signals of inflammation during pregnancy linked to aging and memory changes 50 years later
2024-11-21
Findings from a Mass General Brigham-led study that has followed participants since before birth may offer clues about the origins of Alzheimer’s disease.
KEY TAKEAWAYS
Stress-related immune activity during the late second to early third trimester of pregnancy can have long-term sex-dependent effects on offspring memory circuitry, function, and decline that potentially increase vulnerability for memory disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease, after menopause.
Sex differences in immune function begin in fetal development ...
Two million ex-smokers currently vape in England
2024-11-21
About one in five people who have stopped smoking for more than a year in England currently vape, equivalent to 2.2 million people, according to a new study led by UCL (University College London) researchers.
The study, published in the journal BMC Medicine and funded by Cancer Research UK, found that this increased prevalence was largely driven by greater use of e-cigarettes in attempts to quit smoking.
However, the researchers also found a rise in vaping uptake among people who had already stopped smoking, with an estimated one in 10 ex-smokers who vape having quit smoking prior to 2011, when e-cigarettes ...
When trees 'talk:' Researchers probe ancient wood for clues about massive solar storms
2024-11-21
The Northern Lights were visible much farther south than usual this year, and pictures of the colorful hues filled social media. Now, imagine an aurora hundreds of times brighter – except no one would be able to snap a photo of it, as the onslaught of particles rushing in from the sun would instantly turn smartphones into bricks.
Such extreme solar storms are rare – only six are known to have left their traces on Earth in the past 14,500 years, and none have been witnessed since the height of the Assyrian Empire nearly 2,700 years ago. A research team ...
High nurse and doctor turnover linked to increased patient deaths in NHS hospitals
2024-11-21
High monthly turnover rates of nurses and senior doctors are associated with higher deaths for emergency patients admitted to NHS hospitals in England, finds a study published by The BMJ today.
The findings suggest that efforts to reduce staff turnover may improve patient care and hospital quality, say the researchers.
The retention of healthcare workers is critical for the provision of patient care, as acknowledged by the NHS long term workforce plan. Previous research has investigated ...
History of endometriosis and fibroids linked to heightened risk of early death
2024-11-21
Women with a history of endometriosis and uterine fibroids might have an increased long term risk of premature death, finds a large study from the United States published by The BMJ today.
Endometriosis and uterine fibroids are common disorders among women of reproductive age. Endometriosis occurs when tissue similar to the lining of the womb grows in other places, such as the ovaries and fallopian tubes, while uterine fibroids are non-cancerous growths within or around the womb.
Growing evidence shows that both conditions are associated with a greater ...
High nurse and doctor turnover rates linked to increased patient deaths in NHS hospitals
2024-11-21
More than 4,000 people could be dying per year because of high turnover rates of nurses and doctors in NHS hospitals, according to new research from the University of Surrey.
The research has shown a clear association between high turnover rates of nurses and doctors in NHS hospitals and a troubling rise in patient mortality rates.
The study, published in The BMJ, analysed nearly a decade of data from 148 NHS acute hospitals in England using anonymised patient and worker records. The researchers found that a one standard deviation increase in nurse turnover is associated with 35 additional deaths per 100,000 hospital admissions within 30 days. For senior doctors, ...
Research highlights the pressures human activities place on tropical marine ecosystems
2024-11-21
The tropical coastlines of Southeast Asia are home to some of the most important and biodiverse marine ecosystems on the planet.
However, they are also among its most vulnerable, with areas of coral reefs, mangrove forests and seagrass beds under increasing threat from a wide range of human activities.
To try and better understand those potential threats, a study by an international team of researchers has provided the first detailed assessment of activities taking place within coastal and marine habitats and the impact they have on those ecosystems.
The research ...
LAST 30 PRESS RELEASES:
Amphibians bounce-back from Earth’s greatest mass extinction
Better semen quality is linked to men living longer
Enhancing mosquito repellent effectiveness
Prenatal maternal stressors linked to higher blood pressure during first year after birth, study shows
Resistance exercise may be best type for tackling insomnia in older age
Global 130%+ rise in postmenopausal osteoarthritis and associated disability over past 3 decades
OU Health Sciences rises to 102 in national ranking
Bonobos and chimps offer clues to how our early ancestors had sex for social purposes
Lebanon multidimensional crisis diminishing trust in public education and worsening inequality, study shows
Cold atoms on a chip
Rice University study reveals how rising temperatures could lead to population crashes
WVU research reveals adults with disabilities misuse prescription drugs at high rates
Consumers value domestic vanilla -- when informed, research shows
Are higher doses of folic acid in pregnancy safe?
Survey confirms radiation and orthopedic health hazards in cardiac catheterization laboratories are ‘unacceptable’
Study finds consumer devices can be used to assess brain health
Teachers' negative emotions impact engagement of students, new study finds
Researchers see breakthrough with biofuel
White blood cells use brute force to dislodge bacteria
Foundation AI model predicts postoperative risks from clinical notes
Brain functional networks adapt in response to surgery and Botox for facial palsy
Multimodal AI tool supports ecological applications
New University of Minnesota research shows impact of anxiety and apathy on decision-making
Fred Hutch announces 10 recipients of the 2025 Harold M. Weintraub Graduate Student Award
30 million euros for a novel method of monitoring the world's oceans and coastal regions using telecommunications cables
New multicenter study shows: Which treatment helps best with high-risk acute pulmonary embolism
Hidden dangers and myths: What you need to know about HPV and cancer
SNU researchers develop world’s first technology to observe atomic structural changes of nanoparticles in 3D
SNU researchers develop a new synthesis technology of single crystal 2D semiconductors, “Hypotaxy,” to enhance the commercialization of next-generation 2D semiconductors
Graphene production method offers green alternative to mining
[Press-News.org] Photon qubits challenge AI, enabling more accurate quantum computing without error-correction techniquesImplementing molecular structure-level quantum simulations using a single photon qudit