(Press-News.org) In this week's PLOS Medicine, Anna Borquez from Imperial College London and an international group of authors developed a mathematical model representing the HIV epidemic among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transwomen in Lima, Peru as a test-case for the effectiveness of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). The model was used to investigate the population-level impact, cost, and cost-effectiveness of PrEP under a range of different scenarios. The authors found that strategic PrEP intervention could be a cost-effective addition to existing HIV prevention strategies for MSM populations. However, despite being cost-effective, a substantial expenditure would be required to generate significant reductions in incidence of HIV.
###
Funding: This work was principally funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Additional funding: the Medical Research Council UK, The Wellcome Trust, US National Institutes of Health, and The Gladstone Institutes. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Citation: Gomez GB, Borquez A, Caceres CF, Segura ER, Grant RM, et al. (2012) The Potential Impact of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis for HIV Prevention among Men Who Have Sex with Men and Transwomen in Lima, Peru: A Mathematical Modelling Study. PLoS Med 9(10): e1001323. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001323
IN YOUR COVERAGE PLEASE USE THIS URL TO PROVIDE ACCESS TO THE FREELY AVAILABLE PAPER (THIS LINK WILL BECOME LIVE WHEN THE EMBARGO LIFTS):
http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pmed.1001323
CONTACT:
Annick Borquez
School of Public Health
Imperial College London, United Kingdom
annick.borquez06@imperial.ac.uk END
Effectiveness of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis in Peru
Press release from PLOS Medicine
2012-10-10
ELSE PRESS RELEASES FROM THIS DATE:
Most pregnancy-related infections are caused by four treatable conditions
2012-10-10
In low-and-middle income countries, pregnancy-related infections are a major cause of maternal death, can also be fatal to unborn and newborn babies, and are mostly caused by four types of conditions that are treatable and preventable, according to a review by US researchers published in this week's PLOS Medicine.
The authors, led by Michael Gravett and a team of investigators from the University of Washington in Seattle, PATH (Program for Appropriate Technology in Health), and GAPPS (Global Alliance to Prevent Prematurity and Stillbirth, Seattle Children's) reviewed ...
Vigorous physical activity may increase risk of bleeding for children with hemophilia
2012-10-10
CHICAGO – In children and adolescents with hemophilia, vigorous physical activity was associated with an elevated risk of bleeding, although it appears the absolute increase in risk may be small, according to a study in the October 10 issue of JAMA.
Hemophilia is a bleeding disorder that, if untreated, causes recurrent bleeding into joints. "Vigorous physical activity is thought to increase risk of bleeds in children with hemophilia, but the magnitude of the risk is unknown," according to background information in the article. Information about risks associated with ...
Rates of procedures such as angioplasty lower in states with public reporting of outcomes
2012-10-10
CHICAGO – In an analysis that included nearly 100,000 Medicare patients who had experienced a heart attack, the use of a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI; procedures such as balloon angioplasty or stent placement used to open narrowed coronary arteries) was lower for patients treated in states with public reporting of PCI outcomes compared with patients treated in states without public reporting, with these differences being particularly large in the highest-risk patients, according to a study in the October 10 issue of JAMA. However, the researchers found that there ...
Hormone level linked with increased risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, breast cancer, death
2012-10-10
CHICAGO – Plasma levels of proneurotensin are associated with the development of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular and total mortality, and breast cancer in women during long-term follow-up, according to a study in the October 10 issue of JAMA.
Neurotensin, an amino acid peptide primarily expressed in the central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract, regulates both satiety and breast cancer growth in the experimental setting, but little is known about its role in the development of breast cancer or cardiometabolic disease in humans, according to background ...
Heart attack patients in states with public reporting less likely to receive angioplasty
2012-10-10
Boston, MA — Patients entering hospitals with heart attacks in states with mandatory public reporting are less likely to receive angioplasties to fix heart blockages than patients in states without public reporting, according to a new study from Harvard School of Public Health. The patients most affected were those considered "high-risk," that is, those who were extremely sick when they arrived at the hospital. It is the first study to look at public reporting for these interventions on a national level. The study appears in the October 10, 2012 edition of the Journal of ...
FGM significantly reduces sexual quality of life, suggests new study
2012-10-10
Women who have undergone female genital mutilation (FGM) have a significantly lower sexual quality of life finds a new study published today (10 October) in BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
FGM is defined as any procedure 'involving partial or total removal of the external female genitalia without medical reasons'.
This study, carried out by researchers at King's College London, looks at the impact of FGM on the sexual quality of life of women who have undergone this procedure and compares them to a similar group of women who have not undergone ...
Rare genetic disorder points to molecules that may play role in schizophrenia
2012-10-10
Washington, DC — Scientists studying a rare genetic disorder have identified a molecular pathway that may play a role in schizophrenia, according to new research in the October 10 issue of The Journal of Neuroscience. The findings may one day guide researchers to new treatment options for people with schizophrenia — a devastating disease that affects approximately 1 percent of the world's population.
Schizophrenia is characterized by a multitude of symptoms, including hallucinations, social withdrawal, and learning and memory deficits, which usually appear during late ...
HRT taken for 10 years significantly reduces risk of heart failure and heart attack
2012-10-10
HRT therapy has been subject to much discussion due to both positive effects (reduced risk of cardiovascular disease) and negative effects (increased risk of breast cancer). A paper published in the BMJ Group's Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Healthcare back in January cast doubt on the "unreliable" Million Women Study which associated HRT with an increased risk of breast cancer.
Conflicting results have led clinicians to believe that time since menopause until HRT is initiated can account for differences in cardiovascular outcome. So authors from Denmark ...
Is delaying premature delivery safe?
2012-10-10
Professor Alfirevic from the Department of Women's and Children's Health at the University of Liverpool argues that although premature children tend to have lower cognitive ability than their peers and 14.9 million are born prematurely each year worldwide, is it really possible to stop spontaneous preterm labour?
In an accompanying research paper, Haas and colleagues carried out a review of several controlled trials to determine the most cost-effective tocolytic agent. Tocolytic drugs are used to delay delivery for up to 48 hours. This allows time for doctors to give ...
Strategies proposed to improve impact of comparative effectiveness studies
2012-10-10
Comparative effectiveness research conducted over the past decade has had a limited impact on the way medical care is delivered, but many opportunities exist to help doctors and others in the medical system translate such research into better patient care, according to a new RAND Corporation study.
Comparative effectiveness research is designed to improve health care decisions by providing evidence on the effectiveness, benefits and harms of different treatment options. The studies may compare drugs, medical devices, tests and surgical procedures to determine whether ...
LAST 30 PRESS RELEASES:
‘Preventable deaths will continue’ without action to make NHS more accessible for autistic people, say experts
Scientists shoot lasers into brain cells to uncover how illusions work
Your ecosystem engineer was a dinosaur
New digital cognitive test for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease
Parents of children with health conditions less confident about a positive school year
New guideline standardizes consent for research participants in Canada
Research as reconciliation: Oil sands and health
AI risks overwriting history and the skills of historians have never been more important, leading academic outlines in new paper
The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology: Higher doses of semaglutide can safely enhance weight loss and improve health for adults living with obesity, two new clinical trials confirm
Trauma focused therapy shows promise for children struggling with PTSD
School meals could drive economic growth and food system transformation
Home training for cerebellar ataxias
Dry eyes affect over half the general population, yet only a fifth receive diagnosis and treatment
Researchers sound warning about women with type 2 diabetes taking oral HRT
Overweight and obesity don’t always increase the risk of an early death, Danish study finds
Cannabis use associated with a quadrupling of risk of developing type 2 diabetes, finds study of over 4 million adults
Gestational diabetes linked to cognitive decline in mothers and increased risk of developmental delays, ADHD and autism among children
Could we use eye drops instead of reading glasses as we age?
Patients who had cataracts removed or their eyesight corrected with a new type of lens have good vision over all distances without spectacles
AI can spot which patients need treatment to prevent vision loss in young adults
Half of people stop taking popular weight-loss drug within a year, national study finds
Links between diabetes and depression are similar across Europe, study of over-50s in 18 countries finds
Smoking increases the risk of type 2 diabetes, regardless of its characteristics
Scientists trace origins of now extinct plant population from volcanically active Nishinoshima
AI algorithm based on routine mammogram + age can predict women’s major cardiovascular disease risk
New hurdle seen to prostate screening: primary-care docs
MSU researchers explore how virtual sports aid mental health
Working together, cells extend their senses
Cheese fungi help unlock secrets of evolution
Researchers find brain region that fuels compulsive drinking
[Press-News.org] Effectiveness of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis in PeruPress release from PLOS Medicine