(Press-News.org) ARLINGTON, VA, August 16, 2013—The advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has transformed HIV from a death sentence into a chronic disease. In one of the largest studies of perinatally infected HIV (PHIV) patients to date, Agwu, et al, found that the proportion of patients on ART has increased and rates of viremia and advanced immunosuppression have decreased. But the rates of both markers in older patients are higher, according to an article in the Fall issue of The Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (JPIDS).
The retrospective study of the HIV Research Network followed 521 patients over an eight-year span, from 2002 to 2010. The median age of care increased from 14 to 18 years. During that time, the proportion of those prescribed ART rose from 67.4% to 84.1% and virologic suppression rose from 35.5% to 63%. Looking at two time scales—the age of the patient vs. the calendar year—the authors saw that the earlier calendar year of patient entry was a greater predictor of higher viremia and advanced immunosuppression over time. This indicates that advances in ART therapy have bisected this population, with those who came after the advent of ART entering adolescence with better virologic control.
Changes in Advanced Immunosuppression and Detectable HIV Viremia Among
Perinatally HIV-Infected Youth in the Multisite United States HIV Research Network
This issue of JPIDS also includes:
Original Articles:
A School-Located Vaccination Adolescent Pilot Initiative in Chicago: Lessons Learned
Adherence to Immunoprophylaxis Regimens for RSV Infection in Insured and Medicaid Populations
Spectrum of disease in children treated for tuberculosis at a tertiary children's hospital in Australia.
Epidemiology of infant salmonellosis in the United States, 1996�: a Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) study
Effects of Rhinovirus Infection on Nasopharyngeal Bacterial Colonization in Infants with Wild or Variant Types of Mannose-Binding Lectin and Toll-like Receptors 3 and 4
Invited Review: Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Children
Brief Reports
Vancomycin Dosing Practices, Trough Concentrations, and Predicted Area Under the Curve in Children with Suspected Invasive Staphylococcal Infections
Pediatric Risk Factors for Candidemia Secondary to Candida glabrata and Candida krusei Species
Variability in the diagnosis of encephalitis by pediatric subspecialists: the need for a uniform definition
###
Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
The quarterly Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (JPIDS) represents the spectrum of peer-reviewed, scientific and clinical information on perinatal, childhood, and adolescent infectious diseases.
The Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
The Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (PIDS) is the world's largest professional organization of experts in the care and prevention of infectious diseases in children. PIDS membership encompasses leaders across the global scientific and public health spectrum, including clinical care, advocacy, academics, government, and the pharmaceutical industry. From fellowship training to continuing medical education, research, regulatory issues and guideline development, PIDS members are the core professionals advocating for the improved health of children with infectious diseases both nationally and around the world, participating in critical public health and medical professional advisory committees that determine the treatment and prevention of infectious diseases, immunization practices in children, and the education of pediatricians. For more information, visit http://www.pids.org.
JPIDS explores trends in perinatally infected HIV patients now approaching adulthood
2013-08-16
ELSE PRESS RELEASES FROM THIS DATE:
Autistic kids who best peers at math show different brain organization, Stanford/Packard study shows
2013-08-16
STANFORD, Calif. — Children with autism and average IQs consistently demonstrated superior math skills compared with nonautistic children in the same IQ range, according to a study by researchers at the Stanford University School of Medicine and Lucile Packard Children's Hospital.
"There appears to be a unique pattern of brain organization that underlies superior problem-solving abilities in children with autism," said Vinod Menon, PhD, professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences and a member of the Child Health Research Institute at Packard Children's.
The autistic ...
Female frogs prefer males who can multitask
2013-08-16
From frogs to humans, selecting a mate is complicated. Females of many species judge suitors based on many indicators of health or parenting potential. But it can be difficult for males to produce multiple signals that demonstrate these qualities simultaneously.
In a study of gray tree frogs, a team of University of Minnesota researchers discovered that females prefer males whose calls reflect the ability to multitask effectively. In this species (Hyla chrysoscelis) males produce "trilled" mating calls that consist of a string of pulses.
Typical calls can range in ...
Nanosensors could aid drug manufacturing
2013-08-16
CAMBRIDGE, MA - MIT chemical engineers have discovered that arrays of billions of nanoscale sensors have unique properties that could help pharmaceutical companies produce drugs — especially those based on antibodies — more safely and efficiently.
Using these sensors, the researchers were able to characterize variations in the binding strength of antibody drugs, which hold promise for treating cancer and other diseases. They also used the sensors to monitor the structure of antibody molecules, including whether they contain a chain of sugars that interferes with proper ...
How DNA repair helps prevent cancer
2013-08-16
The biological information that makes us unique is encoded in our DNA. DNA damage is a natural biological occurrence that happens every time cells divide and multiply. External factors such as overexposure to sunlight can also damage DNA.
Understanding how the human body recognizes damaged DNA and initiates repair fascinates Michael Feig, professor of biochemistry and molecular biology at Michigan State University. Feig studies the proteins MutS and MSH2-MSH6, which recognize defective DNA and initiate DNA repair. Natural DNA repair occurs when proteins like MutS (the ...
NASA sees Tropical Storm Pewa develop in central Pacific
2013-08-16
NASA's Aqua satellite passed over two developing low pressure areas in the Central Pacific Ocean, just before one of them strengthened into Tropical Storm Pewa.
When NASA's Aqua satellite passed over the Central Pacific on Aug. 16 at 00:35 UTC (8:35 p.m. EDT/Aug. 15), the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer or MODIS instrument captured a visible image of two developing low pressure areas. The low farthest west was called System 91C, and that's the low that strengthened into Tropical Storm Pewa. The low pressure area east of Pewa is System 90C, which has a high ...
Erin weakens to a tropical depression over eastern Atlantic
2013-08-16
Tropical Storm Erin ran into cooler waters and dry, stable air over the Eastern Atlantic that sapped its strength and weakening the storm to depression status. NOAA's GOES-East satellite showed the storm waning today.
NOAA's GOES-East satellite captured a visible image of Tropical Depression Erin on Aug. 16 at 1445 UTC/10:45 a.m. EDT. The image was created by NASA's GOES Project at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md. and showed that the storm still had good circulation, but the clouds and showers had diminished. The National Hurricane Center noted that ...
Good-looking birds: Sexual attractiveness in the wild turkey
2013-08-16
Why are some individuals more attractive to the opposite sex than others? New research by a team from University College London and Oxford University, published in PLOS Genetics, has shown that in wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo), the essence of male beauty is mainly dependent on the way that males use their genes, rather than differences in the genes themselves.
Males and females in many animals show profound differences in how they look and act, and some of these differences are key to sexual attractiveness. Within each sex, individuals often show a range of these ...
Consuming a high-quality diet is associated with lower risk of pancreatic cancer
2013-08-16
People who reported dietary intake that was most consistent with the 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans had lower risk of pancreatic cancer, according to a new study published August 15 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
Previous studies investigating the relationship between food and nutrient intake and pancreatic cancer have yielded inconsistent results. The U.S. Government issues evidence-based dietary guidelines that provide the basis for federal nutrition policy and education activities to promote overall health for Americans. The authors evaluated ...
Unearthed: Fossil of history's most successful mammal
2013-08-16
This release is also available in Chinese on EurekAlert! Chinese.
The 160 million-year-old fossil of an extinct rodent-like creature from China is helping to explain how multituberculates—the most evolutionarily successful and long-lived mammalian lineage in the fossil record—achieved their dominance.
This fossil find—the oldest ancestor in the multituberculate family tree—represents a newly discovered species known as Rugosodon eurasiaticus. The nearly complete skeleton provides critical insights into the traits that helped such multituberculates thrive in their day. ...
The pathway to asthma winds through toll-like receptor 4
2013-08-16
HOUSTON – (Aug. 15, 2013) – Dr. David Corry compares the allergic response to a computer.
"The core of a computer is its CPU (central processing unit) or chip. We are looking for the chip that drives allergic disease," said the professor of medicine, chief of the section of immunology, allergy and rheumatology in Baylor College of Medicine's department of medicine and director of the Biology of Inflammation Center at BCM. In a report that appears online in the journal Science, he and colleagues at BCM describe an important component of that chip – a molecule called toll-like ...