(Press-News.org) Hubble previously observed this cluster back in 2002. However, this new image combines visible and infrared data from Hubble's Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) to reveal this patch of sky in greater detail than ever before, with a combined total exposure time of over 34 hours.
These new, deeper, observations were taken in order to explore the globular clusters within Abell 1689 [1]. This new study has shown that Abell 1689 hosts the largest population of globular clusters ever found. While our galaxy, the Milky Way, is only home to around 150 of these old clumps of stars, Hubble has spied some 10 000 globular clusters within Abell 1689. From this, the astronomers estimate that this galaxy cluster could possibly contain over 160 000 globulars overall – an unprecedented number.
This is not the first time that this trusty magnifying glass has helped astronomer detectives try to solve clues about the Universe. In 2010, astronomers were able to investigate the elusive phenomena of dark matter and dark energy by mapping the composition of Abell 1689 (opo1037a , heic1014 ). Its powers as a zoom lens also enabled Hubble to identify a galaxy dubbed A1689-zD1 in 2008, one of the youngest and brightest galaxies ever seen at the time (heic0805).
This image is peppered with glowing golden clumps, bright stars, and distant, ethereal spiral galaxies. Material from some of these galaxies is being stripped away, giving the impression that the galaxy is dripping into the surrounding space. Also visible are a number of electric blue streaks, circling and arcing around the fuzzy galaxies in the centre [2].
These streaks are the tell-tale signs of a cosmic phenomenon known as gravitational lensing. Abell 1689 is so massive that it actually bends and warps the space around it, affecting how light from objects behind the cluster travels through space. These streaks are actually the distorted forms of galaxies that lie behind Abell 1689.
Other galaxy clusters like Abell 1689 will be observed by Hubble during the upcoming Frontier Fields programme, which will exploit the magnifying powers of massive gravitational lenses to see even further into the distant Universe.
INFORMATION:
Notes
[1] Globular clusters are dense collections of hundreds of thousands of stars — some of the oldest surviving stars in the Universe.
[2] These streaks appear to be blue because the galaxies that form them are furiously forming very hot new stars. The emission from these hot young stars causes the blue hue.
More information
The Hubble Space Telescope is a project of international cooperation between ESA and NASA.
A paper describing the observations of globular clusters within Abell 1689, entitled "The rich globular cluster system of Abell 1689 and the radial dependence of the globular cluster formation efficiency", will appear in the 20 September issue of The Astrophysical Journal (and is available online here: http://iopscience.iop.org/0004-637X/775/1/20/). This study was led by K. A. Alamo-Martinez (Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico; Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics, Canada) and J. P. Blakeslee (Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics, Canada).
Image credit: NASA, ESA, the Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA), J. Blakeslee (NRC Herzberg Astrophysics Program, Dominion Astrophysical Observatory), and H. Ford (JHU)
Links
NASA press release - http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2013/36/
Images of Hubble - http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/archive/category/spacecraft/
Contacts
Nicky Guttridge
Hubble/ESA
Garching bei München, Germany
Tel: +49-89-3200-6855
Email: nguttrid@partner.eso.org
New Hubble image of galaxy cluster Abell 1689
2013-09-12
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