(Press-News.org) Sleep is essential for human health. But with increasing age, many people experience a decline in sleep quality, which in turn reduces their quality of life. In a new study publishing April 1 in the Open Access journal PLOS Biology, Scientists at the Max Planck Institute (MPI) for Biology of Ageing in Cologne have investigated the mechanisms by which ageing impairs sleep in the fruit fly. Their findings suggest that age-related sleep decline can be prevented and might even be reversible.
To uncover basic age-related sleep mechanisms, the Max Planck scientists studied the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, a classical model organism in ageing research. "Drosophila's sleep has many features in common with that of humans, including the decline in quality", says Luke Tain of the MPI for Biology of Ageing. "Like humans, flies sleep at night and are active during the day. We can observe when and how long flies sleep. We can also determine their sleep quality by measuring how often they wake. This allows us to study the effects of specific substances or other sleep-influencing factors such as age and genetic disposition."
Ageing researchers Athanasios Metaxakis, Luke Tain, and Sebastian Grönke, in the department of MPI Director Linda Partridge, discovered that a reduced activity in the IIS signalling pathway leads to improved sleep quality at night and higher activity levels at day. A signalling pathway is a biological method of transferring information, and via those pathways, the cell can respond to external conditions like the state of food supply. "In our study, we described the role of the IIS pathway in regulating sleep and activity through the neurotransmitters octopamine and dopamine", explains Tain. "What makes this pathway so interesting to us is the fact that it is evolutionarily conserved. This means that its components and functions are similar in diverse species from simple organisms like fruit flies to mice and even humans. Furthermore, we were able to improve sleep quality by administering therapeutic agents."
Moreover, the scientists found out that day activity and night sleep are regulated by two distinct signalling pathways, night sleep being mediated through TOR and dopaminergic signalling. Surprisingly, if TOR's activity is acutely inhibited by treatment with the therapeutic agent Rapamycin, sleep quality improves even in old flies, suggesting that age-related sleep decline is not only preventable, but also reversible.
The scientists will follow up on their findings. Luke Tain: "Given the high evolutionarily conservation of IIS and TOR function, our results implicate potential therapeutic targets to improve sleep quality in humans. This would be our longer-term goal. The next step however, is to find out whether these mechanisms also work in higher animals like mice."
INFORMATION:
Please mention PLOS Biology as the source for this article and include the links below in your coverage to take readers to the online, open access articles
All works published in PLOS Biology are open access, which means that everything is immediately and freely available. Use this URL in your coverage to provide readers access to the paper upon publication:
http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001824
Contact:
Sabine Dzuck M.A.
Max-Planck-Institut für Biologie des Alterns
Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing
Press and Public Relations Executive
sabine.dzuck@age.mpg.de
http://www.age.mpg.de
Citation: Metaxakis A, Tain LS, Grönke S, Hendrich O, Hinze Y, et al. (2014) Lowered Insulin Signalling Ameliorates Age-Related Sleep Fragmentation in Drosophila. PLoS Biol 12(4): e1001824. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001824
Funding: This work was funded by the Max Planck Society and Wellcome Trust (http://www.wellcome.ac.uk) Strategic Award: Genomic and biochemical analysis of ageing and age-related disease 081394/Z/06/Z. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC grant agreement nu 268739. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Age-related decline in sleep quality might be reversible
2014-04-02
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