Intravascular imaging associated with improved outcomes compared with angiography

OCT vs. IVUS vs. angiography guidance presented in a Hot Line session today at ESC Congress 2023

2023-08-28

(Press-News.org) Amsterdam, Netherlands – 27 Aug 2023: Intravascular imaging-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is associated with a lower rate of target lesion failure compared with angiography-guided PCI, according to late breaking research presented in a Hot Line session today at ESC Congress 2023.1

Numerous randomised trials have compared intravascular imaging-guided PCI with angiography-guided PCI. However, most of these prior trials have used intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a newer intravascular imaging modality that has enhanced resolution compared to IVUS. During Hot Line session 4 at ESC Congress 2023, two randomised trials of OCT-guided versus angiography-guided PCI will be presented for the first time, the ILUMIEN IV trial in high-risk patients with complex lesions and the OCTOBER trial in bifurcation lesions.

The authors of the current study performed a real-time updated network meta-analysis, integrating data from the ILUMIEN IV and OCTOBER trials with prior studies, to examine the effects of intravascular imaging guidance versus angiography guidance. The analysis compared: 1) the overall effects of intravascular imaging (IVUS and OCT) in improving outcomes of the PCI procedure versus angiography; 2) IVUS versus angiography; 3) OCT versus angiography; and 4) IVUS versus OCT.

The analysis incorporated 20 randomised trials of intravascular imaging-guided PCI compared with angiography-guided PCI in 12,428 patients with chronic and acute coronary syndromes. Of those, 7,038 were randomly allocated to intravascular imaging guidance (including 3,120 patients randomised to IVUS guidance, 2,826 patients randomised to OCT guidance, and 1,092 patients randomised to IVUS or OCT guidance), and 5,390 patients were randomly allocated to angiography guidance. Patients were followed for between 6 months and 5 years.

The primary endpoint was target lesion failure, defined as a composite of cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction, or target lesion revascularisation. Secondary endpoints included cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction, target lesion revascularisation, and stent thrombosis, as well as all-cause death, all myocardial infarction and target vessel revascularisation.

Intravascular imaging (IVUS or OCT) guidance of PCI resulted in reductions in the primary composite outcome of target lesion failure by 31% compared with angiography guidance of PCI. Regarding secondary outcomes, intravascular imaging guidance of PCI resulted in reductions in cardiac death by 46%, target vessel myocardial infarction by 20%, target lesion revascularisation by 29%, and stent thrombosis by 52% compared with angiography guidance of PCI. There were also statistically significant reductions in all-cause death, all myocardial infarction and target vessel revascularisation with intravascular imaging guidance of PCI. The outcomes were similar for OCT-guided PCI and IVUS-guided PCI when compared individually against angiography and when compared to each other.

Principal investigator Dr. Gregg Stone of Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, US said: “The results of this network meta-analysis emphasise the importance of physicians using intravascular imaging with either OCT or IVUS to optimise stent outcomes and improve the long-term prognosis of their patients.”

ENDS

Notes to editors

Authors: ESC Press Office
Mobile: +336 61 40 18 84

Email: press@escardio.org

The hashtag for ESC Congress 2023 is #ESCCongress

Follow us on Twitter @ESCardioNews

Funding: None, except statistical support from Abbott.

Disclosures: Dr. Stone works with numerous companies involved in intravascular imaging (both IVUS and OCT) as well as with PCI.

References and notes

1OCT vs. IVUS vs. angiography guidance will be discussed during Hot Line 4 on Sunday 27 August at 08:30 to 10:00 CEST in room Amsterdam.

About ESC Congress 2023

It is the world’s largest gathering of cardiovascular professionals, disseminating ground-breaking science both onsite in Amsterdam and online – from 25 to 28 August. Explore the scientific programme. More information is available from the ESC Press Office at press@escardio.org.

About the European Society of Cardiology

The European Society of Cardiology brings together health care professionals from more than 150 countries, working to advance cardiovascular medicine and help people lead longer, healthier lives.

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