(Press-News.org)
They published their work on new superionic mechanism in fluorite oxide electrolyte for low temperature protonic ceramic fuel cells in Energy Material Advances.
"The development of low-temperature and high-performance solid oxide fuel cells is imperative." said corresponding author Dr. Jianbing Huang, Associate Professor of the State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University.
Dr. Huang explained that protonic ceramic fuel cell has several significant advantages as an alternative solid oxide fuel cell operated at low temperature.
"Extensive efforts have focused on enhancing the proton conductivity of oxide ceramic electrolytes in the development of PCFCs. Subsequent studies aimed to improve proton conductivity through structural doping. However, further improvements of electrolyte materials are necessary to achieve higher proton conductivities for efficient PCFC operation."
The development of new structure families of oxide proton conductors as PCFC electrolyte has been widely performed in recent years. According to Dr. Huang, surface/interface proton conduction in fluorite oxides has been successfully applied in semiconductor ionic membrane fuel cells. In this new type fuel cell, surfaces/interfaces of oxide particles will provide proton transport path for low temperature annealing electrolyte.
"In this study, we successfully realize surficial proton transport along oxide-ion conductor GDC particles, achieving a remarkable conductivity of 0.158 S cm-1 at 500°C." Dr. Huang said, "This conductivity level is several orders of magnitude higher than the ever-reported proton conductivity of nanocrystal/nanofilm GDC associated with water. and even 1-2 orders of magnitude higher than that of the state-of-the-art Ba(Ce,Zr)O3-based perovskite oxide proton conductors."
"And a synergistic mechanism involving both surface proton conduction and bulk oxygen-ion migration is proposed by comparing electrochemical impedance spectroscopy with distribution of relaxation time (DRT) results of GDC and pure ceria," Dr. Huang said.
According to Dr. Huang, an oxygen vacancy concentration gradient from anode to cathode forms during fuel cell operation. At the same time, oxygen is reduced to oxygen ion (O2-) by naturally trapping electron and oxygen vacancy at the interface between the cathode and electrolyte. Oxygen ions (O2-) diffusion is accelerated with the help of a stable drive force caused by the oxygen concentration gradient. At the same time, migration of O2- in the bulk of GDC particles in an opposite direction to promote H+ migration on the GDC particle surface.
The authors believed this finding may provide new insights into the ion transport mechanism on fluorite oxides and open new avenues for advanced low temperatures PCFCs.
Dr. Jianbing Huang, Yong Yu, Xiaomeng Cheng and Prof. Liejin Guo are affiliated with State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University; Other contributors include M.A.K. Yousaf Shah, Hao Wang and Prof. Bin Zhu, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Solar Energy Science and Technology/Energy Storage Joint Research Center; Prof. Peter Lund, School of Science, Aalto University.
The Key Project (52336009) and the Basic Science Center Program for Ordered Energy Conversion (51888103) of NSFC; the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFB4001405); Southeast University basic research program; General Program of NSFC; Jiangsu provincial basic research program supported this work.
###
Reference
Authors: YONG YU, M.A.K. YOUSAF SHAH, HAO WANG, XIAOMENG CHENG, LIEJIN GUO, JIANBING HUANG , PETER LUND , AND BIN ZHU
Title of original paper: Synergistic Proton and Oxygen Ion Transport in Fluorite Oxide-Ion Conductor
Journal: Energy Material Advances
DOI: 10.34133/energymatadv.0081
Affiliations: 1State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China. 2Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Solar Energy Science and Technology/Energy Storage Joint Research Center, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China. 3School of Science, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto(Espoo), Finland.
About Dr. Huang: Dr. Jianbing Huang (Corresponding author), Associate Professor, is affiliated with the State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University. Member of Hydrogen Energy Committee of China Renewable Energy Society.
END
WASHINGTON, March 11, 2024 — For years, scientists thought some complex molecules could only be formed on Earth. But what if we found these kinds of molecules out in space after all? In this episode of Reactions, we explore new findings that show complex carbon ring structures can be formed in space, and what that might mean for biology, chemistry and our own chemical history! https://youtu.be/Jh_O5JP10aQ?si=HFvdSchFY95y4idV
Reactions is a video series produced by the American Chemical Society and PBS Digital Studios. Subscribe to Reactions at http://bit.ly/ACSReactions and follow us on Twitter @ACSReactions.
The ...
A research team at Microsoft has designed an efficiency tool called TaskMatrix.AI that can be used to accomplish a wide variety of specific AI tasks. TaskMatrix.AI connects general-purpose foundation models like GPT-4, the model behind ChatGPT, with specialized models suitable for certain tasks — much like a human project manager. This research was published Feb. 16 in Intelligent Computing, a Science Partner Journal.
Foundation models and specialized models usually have different mechanisms thus are not easily compatible. Rather than modifying and integrating existing models, TaskMatrix.AI bridges the gaps between them through application ...
A piece of rotting fruit is likely covered in hundreds if not thousands of microscopic roundworms, including C. elegans—a popular experimental model system for studying neurogenetics. With a lifespan of only a few weeks, C. elegans must reproduce quickly and often. The species is made up of hermaphrodites and males. The hermaphrodites have female bodies, can self-fertilize, and can mate with males. Recent research from of the Portman Lab at the Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience at the University of Rochester, found the males do not mate indiscriminately—they are selective about things like age, mating history, and nutrition.
“We ...
Anemonefish form mutualistic relationships with the sea anemones they live in and these associations are not random: some species such as the yellow-tail anemonefish (Amphiprion clarkii) are generalists and can live in almost any sea anemone, others like the tomato clownfish (Amphiprion frenatus) are specialists, living in only one sea anemone species, the bubble-tip sea anemone (Entacmaea quadricolor). Reasons for these preferences are unclear because we know very little about the genetic diversity of giant sea anemones.
Researchers at the Marine Eco-Evo-Devo Unit and Marine Genomics Unit at the Okinawa Institute of Science ...
About The Study: In this study of 15,000 infants born extremely preterm, redirection of care discussions (withdrawal, withholding, or limiting escalation of treatment) occurred less often for Black and Hispanic infants than for white and non-Hispanic infants. It is important to explore the possible reasons underlying these differences.
Authors: Jane E. Brumbaugh, M.D., of the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, is the corresponding author.
To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/
(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.0125)
Editor’s ...
About The Study: The findings of this study of 50 discharge summaries suggest that large language models can be used to translate discharge summaries into patient-friendly language and formats that are significantly more readable and understandable than discharge summaries as they appear in electronic health records. However, implementation will require improvements in accuracy, completeness, and safety. Given the safety concerns, initial implementation will require physician review.
Authors: Jonah ...
Key Takeaways
Suicide by firearm rates increased 18% in nine years in states that began allowing firearm owners to openly carry a firearm without a permit, a new study finds.
U.S. rates of firearm-related suicide rose from 21,175 in 2013 to 26,328 in 2021, an increase that may be related to more permissive open carry laws.
CHICAGO: In states that relaxed firearm laws to allow openly carrying a loaded firearm in public without a permit, significantly more people died by firearms and ...
The particle accelerators that enable high-energy physics and serve many fields of science, such as materials, medical, and fusion research, are driven by superconducting magnets that are, to put it simply, quite finicky.
Superconductors are a special class of materials which, when cooled below a certain temperature, carry large electrical currents without resistance. If you arrange the material in coils, the current passing through will produce strong magnetic fields, effectively storing the potential energy of the moving electrons in the form of magnetic field. But if they get ...
In many cities worldwide, the notion of walking as sustainable urban mobility is becoming increasingly popular. Improving the walkability of cities has many benefits, including improved health, reduced traffic, and consequently lower air pollution. To improve walkability, it is important to conduct a thorough analysis of what factors make cities more walkable.
One essential aspect in analyzing walkability is understanding traveler behavior. Before and during their journey, various factors can influence their path choices. For example, travelers can consider the most efficient route before starting but could encounter unexpected events necessitating route changes. ...
A Newcastle research team has been exploring the role of vitamin A in the pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders.
Professor Murray Cairns of the University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute said the connectivity between neurons in the brain is thought to be altered in people with schizophrenia and other psychiatric conditions.
“Our previous research suggests this could be to do with vitamin A levels or retinol levels, which are known to play an important role in the differentiation, maturation and synaptic function of brain cells.
“Our new study by William Reay and colleagues combined the summary statistics from thousands of individual ...
