Idiopathic hypersomnia is a rare disease of excessive sleepiness, with patients revealing they never feel rested or awake no matter how much sleep they get, in analysis of online posts

Backyard birders in South Africa may continue to enjoy biodiversity in visiting birds under climate change scenarios, while climate change and declining biodiversity may decrease birding in protected public parks. Article URL: https://plos.io/4ol2UxW Article Title: Climate change impacts the non-market value of nature: A case study of birding cultural ecosystem services in South Africa Author Countries: United States Funding: This work was supported by the Ridge to Reef NSF Research Traineeship, Award DGE-1735040 to ...

Researchers led by investigators at Mass General Brigham and Massachusetts Institute of Technology have validated an ingestible capsule in preclinical models for the diagnosis of acute mesenteric ischemia, a condition caused by blocked or reduced blood flow to the intestines. The research is published in Science Robotics. Acute mesenteric ischemia accounts for less than 1.5% of emergency department visits for abdominal pain but has a mortality rate of 55%, due in part to how difficult it can be to diagnose the condition early. “Acute mesenteric ischemia is a potentially deadly but often underdiagnosed ...

Study found which abnormal cells talk to each other in harmful ways and perpetuate lung damage Scientists are already exploring therapeutic strategies based on this study’s discoveries Treatments also could help patients with other lung-scarring diseases (COPD, COVID-19, etc.) CHICAGO --- More than 50% of lung-transplant recipients experience a rejection of their new lung within five years of receiving it, yet the reason why this is such a prevalent complication has remained a medical mystery.  Now, a new Northwestern Medicine study has found that, following transplant and in chronic disease states, abnormal cells emerge and “conversations” ...

Very early on in our universe, when it was a seething hot cauldron of energy, particles made of matter and antimatter bubbled into existence in equal proportions. For example, negatively charged electrons were created in the same numbers as their antimatter siblings, positively charged positrons. When the two particles combined, they canceled each other out.  Billions of years later, our world is dominated by matter. Somehow matter "won out" over antimatter, but scientists still do not know how. Now, two of the largest experiments attempting to find answers—projects that focus on subatomic particles called neutrinos—have joined forces.  In a ...

Three copies of chromosome 21 causes Down syndrome (DS), and roughly half of children born each year in the United States with DS—approximately 2,600—also have congenital heart defects (CHDs). What is not known is exactly why the genes on too many copies of chromosome 21 wreak such devastating effects. In a new paper published in the journal Nature, a team of scientists, including first and co-corresponding author  Sanjeev S. Ranade, PhD, assistant professor in the Center for Cardiovascular and Muscular Diseases and Center for Data Science and Artificial Intelligence at Sanford Burnham Prebys, identify a nuclear ...

About The Study: In this cohort study of more than 1,900 patients in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) for advanced epithelial ovarian cancer, Black and Asian patients were underrepresented compared with the general population estimates in the U.S., and Black patients had worse survival outcomes compared with white and Asian patients, despite having similar progression-free survival. Equitable enrollment in clinical trials ensures access to cutting-edge treatments and can lead to outcomes comparable to those of white counterparts. Sustained efforts to improve RCT diversity remain essential to long-term equity in cancer care and survival.  Corresponding ...

About The Study: In this large national cohort, all adverse pregnancy outcomes except small for gestational age were associated with increased risk for atrial fibrillation up to 46 years later. Women with adverse pregnancy outcomes need early preventive actions and long-term clinical follow-up for timely detection and treatment of cardiovascular disorders related to the development of atrial fibrillation. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Casey Crump, MD, PhD, email casey.crump@uth.tmc.edu. To access ...

When harmful bacteria that cause food poisoning, such as E. coli, invade through the digestive tract, gut cells usually fight back by pushing infected cells out of the body to stop the infection from spreading. In a new study published today in Nature, scientists from Genentech, a member of the Roche Group, in collaboration with researchers from Oregon Health & Science University, discovered that a dangerous strain of E. coli — known for causing bloody diarrhea — can block gut this defense, allowing ...

Findings from a randomised and blinded clinical trial investigating repeated ketamine infusions for treating depression have revealed no extra benefit for ketamine when added onto standard care for people admitted to hospital for depression. The paper is published in the journal JAMA Psychiatry today [Wednesday 22ndOctober 2025]. The KARMA-Dep (2) Trial involved researchers from St Patrick’s Mental Health Services, Trinity College Dublin, and Queens University Belfast, Ireland. It was led by Declan McLoughlin, Research Professor of Psychiatry at Trinity College Dublin and Consultant Psychiatrist at St Patrick’s Mental Health Services. Depression ...

Ants have evolved an acute sense of smell, which requires each sensory neuron to choose one scent receptor out of hundreds. In a new study published in Nature, researchers at New York University have discovered what ants use to solve this biological puzzle: a self-regulating system in which choosing one gene physically silences all its neighbors. A high-stakes sense of smell Ants communicate via pheromones to hunt, detect outsiders, and determine their role within a colony. Without precise control of olfactory receptors, ant society would unravel. When ants cannot smell, “they stop performing their duties, which leads to anarchy,” explained ...