(Press-News.org) The benefits of flirtation in negotiation
Does flirtation help or hurt a woman negotiating? According to new research, it helps – creating better economic outcomes for the female negotiators, if the flirtatiousness is perceived as above and beyond friendliness. The study examined "feminine charm" in negotiations through four different experiments, looking at the balance between friendliness and flirtatiousness. Flirtation as opposed to friendliness, the research found, signals self-interest and competitiveness. "Feminine Charm: An Experimental Analysis of its Costs and Benefits in Negotiations," Laura Kray (kray[at]haas.berkeley.edu), Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, online July 19, 2012 – forthcoming, October 2012.
Thinking about the future promotes healthy behaviors
Across two new studies, researchers have found that individuals concerned with the future consequences of their actions are more likely to exercise and adopt healthier eating habits. The researchers created a new model to help predict people's health-related behaviors based on how they view immediate and long-term consequences. "Promotion Orientation Explains Why Future Oriented People Exercise and Eat Healthy: Evidence from the Two-Factor Consideration of Future Consequences-14 Scale," Jeff Joireman (joireman[at]wsu.edu) et al., Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, forthcoming online July 2012 – in print, October 2012.
Shooter biases may not always be racially motivated
People usually blame cultural stereotypes of Black men for why White police officers mistakenly shoot unarmed Black suspects more often than White ones on computerized simulations. New research, however, reveals another important factor: how individuals view threats from outside groups, independent of culture or race. Across two studies, participants with strong beliefs about interpersonal threats were more likely to mistakenly shoot members of outside groups versus members of their own groups. "The Basis of Shooter Biases: Beyond Cultural Stereotypes," Saul Miller (saul.miller[at]uky.edu) et al., Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, online June 18, 2012 – forthcoming, October 2012.
Gender differences in love during marriage
Husbands and wives express love differently in their relationships, according to a new study. Looking at data collected at four time points over 13 years of marriage, researchers found that while both genders were equally likely to show love through affection, wives expressed love by being less antagonistic while husbands showed love by initiating sex or sharing activities together. "Do Men and Women Show Love Differently in Marriage?" Elizabeth A. Schoenfeld (eschoenfeld[at]utexas.edu) et al., Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, online June 18, 2012 – forthcoming, November 2012.
Boosting self-image polarizes environmental beliefs
Absent a persuasive threatening message, self-affirmation validates a person's initial stance toward climate change, according to new research. The researchers found that exercises to affirm self-image polarized people's beliefs about environmental policies. "Promoting or Jeopardizing Lighter Carbon Footprints? Self-Affirmation Can Polarize Environmental Orientations," Anne-Marie van Prooijen (a.van-prooijen[at]sussex.ac.uk), Social Psychological and Personality Science, online June 27, 2012 – forthcoming in print.
NBA salary hierarchy may encourage teamwork
Creating big differences in pay among professional athletes spurs greater team cooperation, according to a recent study. Past research has suggested that creating a hierarchy based on pay hurts commitment, cooperation and performance, but the new research, based on data from the NBA, contradicts those findings. It finds that hierarchy can help teams achieve their shared goals, especially in sports like basketball that require close teamwork. "When Hierarchy Wins: Evidence From the National Basketball Association," Nir Halevy (halevy_nir[at]gsb.stanford.edu) et al., Social Psychological and Personality Science, July 2012.
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Bethesda, MD—Pregnant mice exposed to high levels of air pollution gave birth to offspring with a significantly higher rate of obesity and insulin resistance in adulthood than those that were not exposed to air pollution. This effect seemed especially prevalent in male mice, which were heavier regardless of diet. These findings, published online in the FASEB Journal, suggests a link between diesel exhaust exposure in utero and bulging waistlines in adulthood.
"It is becoming clearer that our environment profoundly affects our health in ways that are little understood," ...
A Simon Fraser University fish-population statistician, working in collaboration with non-government organization scientists, has uncovered evidence of a potentially deadly virus in a freshwater sport fish in B.C.
SFU professor Rick Routledge and Stan Proboszcz, a fisheries biologist at the Watershed Watch Salmon Society, have found evidence of the piscine reovirus (PRV) in cutthroat trout caught in Cultus Lake, in the Fraser Valley region of B.C.
Tests conducted by, Fred Kibenge, a virology professor at the Atlantic Veterinary College in Prince Edward Island, found ...
Mathematicians at UC Davis have come up with a new way to crinkle up the fabric of space-time -- at least in theory.
"We show that space-time cannot be locally flat at a point where two shock waves collide," said Blake Temple, professor of mathematics at UC Davis. "This is a new kind of singularity in general relativity."
The results are reported in two papers by Temple with graduate students Moritz Reintjes and Zeke Vogler, respectively, both published in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society A.
Einstein's theory of general relativity explains gravity as a ...
Athens, Ga. – Using nanoscale materials, researchers at the University of Georgia have developed a single-step method to rapidly and accurately detect viruses, bacteria and chemical contaminants.
In a series of studies, the scientists were able to detect compounds such as lactic acid and the protein albumin in highly diluted samples and in mixtures that included dyes and other chemicals. Their results suggest that the same system could be used to detect pathogens and contaminants in biological mixtures such as food, blood, saliva and urine.
"The results are unambiguous ...
JUPITER, FL, July 19, 2012 – A new study by scientists on the Florida campus of The Scripps Research Institute shows, in cell culture, a natural compound can virtually eliminate human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in infected cells. The compound defines a novel class of HIV anti-viral drugs endowed with the capacity to repress viral replication in acutely and chronically infected cells.
The HIV/AIDS pandemic continues to affect 34 million individuals worldwide, including more than 3 million children, according to the World Health Organization. Current treatment involves ...
PASADENA, Calif.—The powerful magnitude-8.6 earthquake that shook Sumatra on April 11, 2012, was a seismic standout for many reasons, not the least of which is that it was larger than scientists thought an earthquake of its type could ever be. Now, researchers from the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) report on their findings from the first high-resolution observations of the underwater temblor, they point out that the earthquake was also unusually complex—rupturing along multiple faults that lie at nearly right angles to one another, as though racing through ...
CHICAGO --- When a farmer or rancher is injured on the job, there's an 11 percent chance that an amputation will occur. That's two and a half times more likely than in any other industry.
Most of these amputations involve fingers or toes. But the artificial hands, arms, legs, feet and other prostheses used by agricultural workers with a major limb amputation don't seem to be durable, affordable or adaptable enough for their lifestyles, according to a new Northwestern Medicine study.
Published online in the journal Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology, ...
A coat of a certain color could be costly for wild boars, according to research published in the journal Physiological and Biochemical Zoology.
The research, led by Ismael Galván of Spain's Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, found that boars with more reddish hair tend to have higher levels of oxidative stress—damage that occurs as toxins from cell respiration build up. The reason for this, the researchers suggest, is that the process of producing reddish pigment eats up a valuable antioxidant that would otherwise be fighting the free radicals that lead to oxidative ...
A sobering new study by researchers from the University of Southern California Davis School of Gerontology finds that elder abuse in low-income Latino communities goes largely unreported. More than 40 percent of Latino elders told Spanish-speaking interviewers that they had been abused or neglected in the last year — yet only 1.5 percent of victims said they had ever reported the abuse to authorities.
"Our study has revealed a much higher rate of elder abuse among the Latino community than had been previously thought," said Marguerite DeLiema of the USC Davis School of ...
The end of AIDS is within our reach. But as the authors of a new special supplement in the August, 2012 Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiencies (JAIDS) point out, new financial investments – and renewed commitments – from countries around the world will be critical to fully implement proven treatment and prevention tools already at hand and to continue essential scientific research.
"Only then will an AIDS-free generation be possible," write the supplement's editors -- Richard Marlink, Wafaa El-Sadr, Mariangela Simao and Elly Katabira – in their introduction. **
"Are ...
