PRESS-NEWS.org - Press Release Distribution
PRESS RELEASES DISTRIBUTION

Scientists sniff out the substances behind the aroma in the 'king of fruits'

2012-11-28
(Press-News.org) The latest effort to decipher the unique aroma signature of the durian — revered as the "king of fruits" in southeast Asia but reviled elsewhere as the world's foulest smelling food — has uncovered several new substances that contribute to the fragrance. The research appears in ACS' Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.

Martin Steinhaus and colleagues explain that durian, available in Asian food shops in the United States and elsewhere, has a creamy yellowish flesh that can be eaten fresh or used in cakes, ice cream and other foods. Some people relish the durian's smell. Others, however, regard it as nauseating, like rotten onions. Past research identified almost 200 volatile substances in durian. Lacking, however, was information on which of those make a contribution to the characteristic durian smell. The authors set out to identify the big chemical players in the durian's odor signature.

In doing so, they pinpointed 41 highly odor-active compounds, 24 of which scientists had not identified in durian before. Among the most prominent were substances associated with fruity, sweet, sulfurous and oniony smells. The oniony smelling odorants belonged to a compound class that had rarely been found in food before. Four of the newly discovered chemical compounds were previously unknown to science.

### The American Chemical Society is a nonprofit organization chartered by the U.S. Congress. With more than 164,000 members, ACS is the world's largest scientific society and a global leader in providing access to chemistry-related research through its multiple databases, peer-reviewed journals and scientific conferences. Its main offices are in Washington, D.C., and Columbus, Ohio.

To automatically receive news releases from the American Chemical Society, contact newsroom@acs.org.

Follow us: Twitter | Facebook


ELSE PRESS RELEASES FROM THIS DATE:

Research criticizes young offenders' institution for gang-related violence

2012-11-28
A youth offending facility in the East Midlands has been criticised in a new report for taking criminals from rival gangs in Leicester and Nottingham. The research, led by an academic at Nottingham University Business School, said that the policy by Glen Parva Young Offenders Institution to take criminals from both cities was a recipe for trouble and has led to an increase in violence and gang warfare. In the report Dr Richard Simper, an associate professor in financial economics, says that rival young offenders should be separated in a bid to decrease the incidence ...

Tight times may influence how we perceive others

2012-11-28
From the playground to the office, a key aspect of our social lives involves figuring out who "belongs" and who doesn't. Our biases lead us -- whether we're aware of it or not -- to favor people who belong to our own social group. Scientists theorize that these prevalent in-group biases may give us a competitive advantage against others, especially when important resources are limited. Psychological scientist Christopher Rodeheffer and his colleagues at Texas Christian University wanted to examine whether resource scarcity might actually lead us to change our definition ...

Changes in nerve cells may contribute to the development of mental illness

2012-11-28
Reduced production of myelin, a type of protective nerve fiber that is lost in diseases like multiple sclerosis, may also play a role in the development of mental illness, according to researchers at the Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Mount Sinai School of Medicine. The study is published in the journal Nature Neuroscience. Myelin is an insulating material that wraps around the axon, the threadlike part of a nerve cell through which the cell sends impulses to other nerve cells. New myelin is produced by nerve cells called oligodendrocytes both during development ...

University of Cincinnati leads first trial on steroid and CNI withdrawal post-transplant

2012-11-28
CINCINNATI—The University of Cincinnati will lead a $5.2 million national trial studying removal of both corticosteroids and common immunosuppression treatments from the post-transplant drug regimen for kidney transplant patients. The Belatacept Early Steroid withdrawal Trial (BEST) seeks to determine if a belatacept-based regimen for post-transplant patients can prevent organ rejection without the harmful side effects posed by corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) immunosuppressants. Belatacept is a modified version of the drug abatacept, which is used to treat ...

NIST releases annual report on federal technology transfer

NIST releases annual report on federal technology transfer
2012-11-28
With new treatments for disease, test suites that safeguard computers, and even expertise to rescue miners trapped thousands of feet underground, federal laboratories have a wealth of technologies and know-how that can give U.S. companies a competitive edge and improve quality of life. These science and technology resources were developed in response to national challenges, but they also can be valuable assets for private industry and academia as well as other government agencies. Each year—as required by federal regulation—the National Institute of Standards and Technology ...

Babies born to mothers from the Philippines significantly smaller than those of Canadian-born women

2012-11-28
TORONTO, Nov. 28, 2012—Babies born in Ontario to mothers from the Philippines have significantly lower birth weights than those whose mothers were born in Canada or elsewhere in East Asia and are twice as likely to be classified as small for their gestational age, a new study has found. The classification is often incorrect, researchers say, because the babies are being compared to those of other ethnic backgrounds. When compared to other Filipino babies, they are well within appropriate heights and weights. The lead author of the study, published online in the Journal ...

New study shows how climate change could affect entire forest ecosystems

New study shows how climate change could affect entire forest ecosystems
2012-11-28
(Santa Barbara, Calif.) –– The fog comes in, and a drop of water forms on a pine needle, rolls down the needle, and falls to the forest floor. The process is repeated over and over, on each pine needle of every tree in a forest of Bishop pines on Santa Cruz Island, off the coast of Santa Barbara. That fog drip helps the entire forest ecosystem stay alive. Thousands of years ago, in cooler and wetter times, Bishop pine trees are thought to have proliferated along the West Coast of the U.S. and Mexico. Now, stratus clouds –– the low-altitude clouds known locally as "June ...

Scripps Florida scientists uncover a novel cooperative effort to stop cancer spread

Scripps Florida scientists uncover a novel cooperative effort to stop cancer spread
2012-11-28
JUPITER, FL, November 28, 2012 – Scientists from the Florida campus of The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) have uncovered a group of what have been considered relatively minor regulators in the body that band together to suppress the spread of cancer from its primary site. The discovery offers a fresh batch of possible therapeutic targets as well as new diagnostic tools with the potential to predict and inhibit the spread of cancer (metastasis) in patients suffering from the disease. The research, published recently in The Journal of Biological Chemistry, was conducted ...

Fracking in Michigan: U-M researchers study potential impact on health, environment, economy

2012-11-28
ANN ARBOR—University of Michigan researchers are conducting a detailed study of the potential environmental and societal effects of hydraulic fracturing, the controversial natural gas drilling process known as fracking. In hydraulic fracturing, large amounts of water, sand and chemicals are injected deep underground to break apart rock and free trapped natural gas. Though the process has been used for decades, recent technical advances have helped unlock vast stores of previously inaccessible natural gas, resulting in a fracking boom. Now U-M researchers are working ...

Cell phone addiction similar to compulsive buying and credit card misuse, according to Baylor study

2012-11-28
WACO, Texas (Nov. 28, 2012) - Cell phone and instant messaging addictions are driven by materialism and impulsiveness and can be compared to consumption pathologies like compulsive buying and credit card misuse, according to a Baylor University study in the Journal of Behavioral Addictions. A video of Dr. Roberts is available at http://www.baylor.edu/mediacommunications/news.php?action=story&story=125458 "Cell phones are a part of our consumer culture," said study author James Roberts, Ph.D., professor of marketing and the Ben H. Williams Professor of Marketing at Baylor's ...

LAST 30 PRESS RELEASES:

CAR-T cells can arm bystander T cells with CAR molecules via trogocytosis

Can ocean-floor mining oversights help us regulate space debris and mining on the Moon?

Observing ozonated water’s effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 in saliva

Alcohol-related deaths up 18% during pandemic

Mothers of twins face a higher risk of heart disease in the year after birth

A new approach to detecting Alzheimer’s disease

Could the contraceptive pill reduce risk of ovarian cancer?

Launch of the most comprehensive, and up to date European Wetland Map

Lurie Children’s campaign urges parents to follow up right away if newborn screening results are abnormal

Does drinking alcohol really take away the blues? It's not what you think

Speed of risk perception is connected to how information is arranged

High-risk pregnancy specialists analyze AI system to detect heart defects on fetal ultrasound exams

‘Altar tent’ discovery puts Islamic art at the heart of medieval Christianity

Policy briefs present approach for understanding prison violence

Early adult mortality is higher than expected in US post-COVID

Recycling lithium-ion batteries cuts emissions and strengthens supply chain

Study offers new hope for relieving chronic pain in dialysis patients

How does the atmosphere affect ocean weather?

Robots get smarter to work in sewers

Speech Accessibility Project data leads to recognition improvements on Microsoft Azure

Tigers in the neighborhood: How India makes room for both tigers and people

Grove School’s Arthur Paul Pedersen publishes critical essay on scientific measurement literacy

Moffitt study finds key biomarker to predict KRASG12C inhibitor effectiveness in lung cancer

Improving blood transfusion monitoring in critical care patients: Insights from diffuse optics

Powerful legal and financial services enable kleptocracy, research shows

Carbon capture from constructed wetlands declines as they age

UCLA-led study establishes link between early side effects from prostate cancer radiation and long-term side effects

Life cycles of some insects adapt well to a changing climate. Others, not so much.

With generative AI, MIT chemists quickly calculate 3D genomic structures

The gut-brain connection in Alzheimer’s unveiled with X-rays

[Press-News.org] Scientists sniff out the substances behind the aroma in the 'king of fruits'