PRESS-NEWS.org - Press Release Distribution
PRESS RELEASES DISTRIBUTION

Plvap/PV1 critical to formation of the diaphragms in endothelial cells

Discovery points to roles of diaphragms in the maintenance of blood plasma composition and survival

2013-01-04
(Press-News.org) PV1 expression in vascular endothelium is required for survival PV1 is required for the formation of stomatal and fenestral diaphragms Lack of diaphragms in fenestrated endothelia causes vascular leak of plasma proteins Vascular leak results in severe hypoproteinemia and hypertriglyceridemia

Dartmouth scientists have demonstrated the importance of the gene Plvap and the structures it forms in mammalian physiology in a study published in December by the journal Developmental Cell.

"The knowledge generated and the animal models created will allow a better understanding of the role of the gene in diseases and will help validate its usefulness as a therapeutic or diagnostic target," said lead author Radu V. Stan, MD, associate professor, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, and member of the Dartmouth-Hitchcock Norris Cotton Cancer Center (NCCC).

The study demonstrates that plasmalemma vesicle associated protein (PV1), a vertebrate gene specifically expressed in the vascular endothelial cells, is critical for the formation of the diaphragms of endothelial caveolae, fenestrae and transendothelial channels. Although discovered in the 1960s by electron microscopy, the function of the diaphragms was previously unknown. Using mice with loss and gain of PV1 function Dartmouth scientists demonstrated that the diaphragms of fenestrae are critical for maintenance of basal permeability, the homeostasis of blood plasma in terms of protein and lipid blood composition, and ultimately survival.

PV1 has newly discovered roles in cancer and in various infectious and inflammatory diseases. "The knowledge generated and the animal models created will allow a better understanding of the role of the gene in these diseases and to validate its usefulness as a therapeutic or diagnostic target," said Stan.

In the absence of such diaphragms, plasma protein extravasation produces a noninflammatory protein-losing enteropathy resulting in protein calorie malnutrition and ultimately death.

"Our results and the mouse models we have created provide the foundations for evaluating numerous aspects of basal permeability in fenestrated vascular beds," said Stan.

INFORMATION:

The paper included two dozen Dartmouth authors from the Departments of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Medicine, Genetics, Radiology, Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Research Center, and the Norris Cotton Cancer Center. This research was supported by NIH grants HL83249, HL092085, RR16437.

About Norris Cotton Cancer Center at Dartmouth-Hitchcock

Norris Cotton Cancer Center combines advanced cancer research at Dartmouth College and the Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth with patient-centered cancer care provided at Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, at Dartmouth-Hitchcock regional locations in Manchester, Nashua, and Keene, NH, and St. Johnsbury, VT, and at 12 partner hospitals throughout New Hampshire and Vermont. It is one of 41 centers nationwide to earn the National Cancer Institute's "Comprehensive Cancer Center" designation.

END



ELSE PRESS RELEASES FROM THIS DATE:

Finding Chicago's food gardens with Google Earth

2013-01-04
Urban agriculture is promoted as a strategy for dealing with food insecurity, stimulating economic development, and combating diet-related health problems in cities. However, up to now, no one has known how much gardening is taking place in urban areas. Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a methodology that they used to quantify the urban agriculture in Chicago. John Taylor, a doctoral candidate working with crop sciences researcher Sarah Taylor Lovell, was skeptical about the lists of urban gardens provided to him by local non-governmental organizations ...

Dopamine-receptor gene variant linked to human longevity

2013-01-04
Irvine, Calif., Jan. 3, 2013 — A variant of a gene associated with active personality traits in humans seems to also be involved with living a longer life, UC Irvine and other researchers have found. This derivative of a dopamine-receptor gene – called the DRD4 7R allele – appears in significantly higher rates in people more than 90 years old and is linked to lifespan increases in mouse studies. Robert Moyzis, professor of biological chemistry at UC Irvine, and Dr. Nora Volkow, a psychiatrist who conducts research at the Brookhaven National Laboratory and also directs ...

2 NASA satellites see Cyclone Dumile over La Reunion and Mauritius

2 NASA satellites see Cyclone Dumile over La Reunion and Mauritius
2013-01-04
NASA's Aqua and Terra satellites captured visible and infrared data on Tropical Cyclone Dumile as it slammed into the islands of La Reunion and Mauritius in the Southern Indian Ocean. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instrument that flies aboard NASA's Terra satellite captured a visible image of Cyclone Dumile on Jan. 3, 2013 at 0650 UTC (1:50 a.m. EST/U.S.) The image showed Dumile's center was about 85 nautical miles (97.8 miles/157.4 km) northwest of Reunion Island and Mauritius, and the strongest thunderstorms appeared to be southwest of the ...

NASA sees Tropical Depression Sonamu form near Philippines

NASA sees Tropical Depression Sonamu form near Philippines
2013-01-04
The first Tropical Depression of 2013 formed the western North Pacific Ocean today, and NASA's Terra satellite captured an infrared image of the "birth." Tropical Depression Sonamu, otherwise known as Tropical Depression 01W developed near 8.6 north latitude and 118.6 east longitude, about 185 nautical miles (213 miles/342.6 km) northwest of Zamboanga, Philippines. Sonamu's center is located in the Sulu Sea and is expected to cross the southern end of Palawan before moving into the open waters of the South China Sea. Sonamu developed from low pressure System 92W. At ...

New rat model for muscle regeneration after trauma-related soft tissue injury

New rat model for muscle regeneration after trauma-related soft tissue injury
2013-01-04
New Rochelle, NY, January 3, 2013—Penetrating soft tissue injuries that may be caused by bullet wounds or motor vehicle accidents, or exposure to explosive devices in military settings, can cause muscle loss resulting in functional disability and cosmetic deformity. Efforts underway to develop tissue engineering solutions to repair and replace damaged and lost muscle will benefit greatly from the availability of robust animal models to test these innovative therapeutic strategies. A new rat model that simulates traumatic or surgical muscle tissue loss in humans is described ...

Best evidence yet that dinosaurs used feathers for courtship

2013-01-04
(Edmonton) A University of Alberta researcher's examination of fossilized dinosaur tail bones has led to a breakthrough finding: some feathered dinosaurs used tail plumage to attract mates, much like modern-day peacocks and turkeys. U of A Paleontology researcher Scott Persons followed a chain of fossil evidence that started with a peculiar fusing together of vertebrae at the tip of the tail of four different species of dinosaurs, some separated in time and evolution by 45 million years. Persons says the final vertebrae in the tails of a group of dinosaurs called oviraptors ...

The Riviera Comedy Club in Las Vegas Begins 2013 with Comedian Don Barnhart

2013-01-04
The Riviera Comedy Club in Las Vegas Presents Comedian Don Barnhart Beginning Jan 7th - 13th, Comedian Don Barnhart brings his award-winning stand up comedy show to The Riviera Comedy Club in Las Vegas. Barnhart combines clever, well-written material with an improvisational flair that keeps audiences of all demographics howling with laughter and coming back for more. In 2012, Barnhart's show was named "Best Bet" by the Las Vegas Review/Journal. Appearing alongside Barnhart is comedian Kathleen Dunbar. Show times are 8:30pm Mon-Sun and tickets are $19.99 ...

Nonprofit for Women's Job Placement is Voted the Best Company to Work For

2013-01-04
A company that finds jobs is ironically the best company to work for. Every Year, Atlanta highlights the best companies in the metro area, and this time, Every Woman Works is one of them. Among the 45 companies chosen locally, Every Woman Works Inc., has been voted as one of the Best and Brightest Companies to Work For in 2012. Each year, the Best and Brightest Companies to Work For competition identifies and honors organizations that display a commitment to excellence in their human resource practices and employee enrichment. Organizations are assessed based on categories ...

Preferred Healthcare Funding, LLC Announces Launch Today

2013-01-04
Preferred Healthcare Funding, LLC announces its launch today to offer healthcare providers a solution for the immediate and ongoing resolution of their current and future self-pay and self-pay after insurance patient accounts receivable. Preferred Healthcare Funding, LLC (the "Company") will serve healthcare providers nationwide with a full complement of self-pay revenue cycle acquisition services. The Company has solutions in place for the purchase of self-pay and self-pay after insurance accounts at any stage in the revenue cycle from early out, primary to ...

Calloway's and Cornelius Nursery Inspires Plant Lovers with Tips on Reviving Natural Indoor Spaces

2013-01-04
Calloway's and Cornelius Nursery has just the solution for that empty space where the Christmas tree once stood — add a little nature and some fresh air with a new house plant. On Saturday, Jan. 19 from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m., the Texas-based garden center will host a free repotting event for gardeners who need new plants or to revive existing plants with new potting soil. Gardeners can bring a plant and pot or purchase new ones while learning important tips from Texas Certified Nursery Professionals on how to care for house plants. Calloway's and Cornelius Nursery will provide ...

LAST 30 PRESS RELEASES:

NPS team makes key breakthrough on path to electric aircraft propulsion

Berkeley Lab awarded two new centers to counter climate change

Stanford researchers unveil new material infused with gold in an exotic chemical state

Research Highlights for September 2023

JMIR Publications places No, 348 on The Globe and Mail's annual ranking of Canada's Top Growing Companies

Argonne National Laboratory launches South Side STEM Opportunity Landscape Project at DuSable Black History Museum and Education Center

Allergy study on 'wild' mice challenges the hygiene hypothesis

Ancient plant wax reveals how global warming affects methane in Arctic lakes

Atopic dermatitis: Viruses discovered as new therapy option

Larger lymph node threshold optimizes nasopharyngeal carcinoma outcomes

BPS celebrates Max Planck-Humboldt medal awardee Kandice Tanner

Cleveland Clinic researchers develop new model for prioritizing lung transplant candidates

American Academy of Arts and Sciences to induct UVA's Garcia-Blanco

Illinois-led team puts cows and microbes to work to reduce greenhouse gases

DOE announces $264 million for basic research in support of Energy Earthshots™

New drug a breakthrough for brain tumor that strikes young people: NEJM editorial

Genome study reveals 30 years of Darwin’s finch evolution

Ghent University’s research team envisions a bright future with active machine learning in chemical engineering

Climate change and carnivores: shifts in the distribution and effectiveness of protected areas in the Amazon

Can ChatGPT help us form personal narratives?

An intelligent control method reduces carbon emissions in energy-intensive equipment

Groundbreaking control method reduces carbon emissions from zinc oxide rotary kilns, boosting profits for zinc smelting industry

Small but mighty new gene editor

Study finds SARS-CoV-2-associated sepsis was more common, deadly than previously thought

Use of electronic clinical data to track incidence and mortality for SARS-CoV-2–associated sepsis

Misinformation, trust, and use of ivermectin and hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19

Neighborhood factors, individual stressors, and cardiovascular health among Black and white adults

New research reveals link between childhood mental health problems and quality of life for young adults

New insights into how the human brain organises language

Visual search: Context facilitates more effective strategies

[Press-News.org] Plvap/PV1 critical to formation of the diaphragms in endothelial cells
Discovery points to roles of diaphragms in the maintenance of blood plasma composition and survival