PRESS-NEWS.org - Press Release Distribution
PRESS RELEASES DISTRIBUTION

Duration of antiplatelet therapy following PCI, risk of adverse events

2015-03-17
(Press-News.org) An additional 18 months of dual antiplatelet therapy among patients who received a bare metal coronary stent did not result in significant differences in rates of stent thrombosis (formation of a blood clot), major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events, or moderate or severe bleeding, compared to patients who received placebo, according to a study in the March 17 issue of JAMA. The authors note that limitations in sample size may make definitive conclusions regarding these findings difficult.

Current clinical practice guidelines recommend a minimum of only 1 month of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) after bare metal stent (BMS) placement following elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI; a procedure used to open narrowed coronary arteries, such as stent placement), compared with 6 to 12 months for drug-eluting stents (DES). Although randomized trial results showed a reduction in stent thrombosis and non­stent-related heart attack with thienopyridine therapy (a class of antiplatelet agents) beyond 12 months after DES placement, few trials have assessed optimal duration of DAPT after BMS, according to background information in the article.

Dean J. Kereiakes, M.D., of the Christ Hospital Heart and Vascular Center, Cincinnati, and Laura Mauri, M.D., M.Sc., of the Harvard Clinical Research Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, and colleagues randomly assigned 11,648 patients who received a bare metal stent (n = 1,687;) or drug eluting stent (n = 9,961), were treated with aspirin and who completed 12 months of DAPT without bleeding or ischemic events to continued thienopyridine or placebo at months 12 through 30.

Among the patients treated with BMS who were randomized to continued thienopyridine vs placebo, rates of stent thrombosis were 0.5 percent vs 1.11 percent; rates of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE; composite of death, heart attack, or stroke) were 4.04 percent vs 4.69 percent; and rates of moderate/severe bleeding were 2.03 percent vs 0.90 percent, respectively.

Among all 11,648 randomized patients (both BMS and DES), stent thrombosis rates were 0.41 percent vs 1.32 percent; rates of MACCE were 4.29 percent vs 5.74 percent, and rates of moderate/severe bleeding were 2.45 percent vs 1.47 percent.

The results comparing continued thienopyridine vs placebo in the cohort treated with DES were previously reported and demonstrated significant reductions in stent thrombosis and MACCE.

The authors write that fewer patients treated with BMS were enrolled and randomized because of the prevailing use of DES in clinical practice. "The BMS subset may have been underpowered to identify such differences [in adverse events], and further trials are suggested."

INFORMATION:

(doi:10.1001/jama.2015.1671; Available pre-embargo to the media at http://media.jamanetwork.com)

Editor's Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.



ELSE PRESS RELEASES FROM THIS DATE:

Study raises concerns about reporting of noninferiority trials

2015-03-17
An examination of the reporting of noninferiority clinical trials raises questions about the adequacy of their registration and results reporting within publicly accessible trial registries, according to a study in the March 17 issue of JAMA. Noninferiority clinical trials are designed to determine whether an intervention is not inferior to a comparator by more than a prespecified difference (known as the noninferiority margin). Selection of an appropriate margin is fundamental to noninferiority trial validity, yet a point of frequent ambiguity. Given the increasing ...

Winter hack: Textured rubber that grips slick, icy surfaces

Winter hack: Textured rubber that grips slick, icy surfaces
2015-03-17
WASHINGTON, D.C., March 17, 2015 - Winter storms dumped records amounts of snow on the East Coast and other regions of the country this February, leaving treacherous, icy sidewalks and roads in their wake. Now researchers from Canada are developing new methods to mass-produce a material that may help pedestrians get a better grip on slippery surfaces after such storms. The material, which is made up of glass fibers embedded in a compliant rubber, could one day be used in the soles of slip-resistant winter boots. The researchers describe the manufacturing process in a ...

Teens' approach to social media risk is different from adults'

2015-03-17
For every parent who ever wondered what the heck their teens were thinking when they posted risky information or pictures on social media, a team of Penn State researchers suggests that they were not really thinking at all, or at least were not thinking like most adults do. In a study, the researchers report that the way teens learn how to manage privacy risk online is much different than how adults approach privacy management. While most adults think first and then ask questions, teens tend to take the risk and then seek help, said Haiyan Jia, post-doctoral scholar in ...

West Coast waters shifting to lower-productivity regime, new NOAA report finds

West Coast waters shifting to lower-productivity regime, new NOAA report finds
2015-03-17
Large-scale climate patterns that affect the Pacific Ocean indicate that waters off the West Coast have shifted toward warmer, less productive conditions that may affect marine species from seabirds to salmon, according to the 2015 State of the California Current Report delivered to the Pacific Fishery Management Council. The report by NOAA Fisheries' Northwest Fisheries Science Center and Southwest Fisheries Science Center assesses productivity in the California Current from Washington south to California. The report examines environmental, biological and socio-economic ...

New cystic fibrosis research takes aim at deadly pathogen

2015-03-17
AUSTIN, Texas - A new method of testing the most common cause of life-threatening infection in people with cystic fibrosis could improve efforts to study and combat the illness. The bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a leading contributor to hospitalizations, serious illness and early death for people with cystic fibrosis (CF). Scientists at The University of Texas at Austin have found a way to re-create conditions specific to the environment in which the bacterium spreads in the lungs of a person with CF, allowing them to identify several genes that appear to be necessary ...

RapidScat eyes Ex-Tropical Cyclone Pam's winds near Chatham Islands

RapidScat eyes Ex-Tropical Cyclone Pams winds near Chatham Islands
2015-03-17
The New Zealand Meteorological Service issued a Storm Warning for the Chatham Islands today as NASA's RapidScat instrument found that winds in one quadrant of Ex-Tropical Cyclone Pam is still generating tropical-storm-force winds east of its center. The International Space Station's RapidScat instrument captured data on Ex-Tropical Cyclone Pam's winds on March 16 from 08:30 to 11:36 UTC. RapidScat revealed sustained winds over 30 meters per second (108 kph/67 mph) were still occurring southeast of the center. The forecast calls for southwesterly winds to 50 knots (57 ...

Genetic markers play role in who benefits from aspirin, NSAIDs to lower colon cancer risk

2015-03-17
INDIANAPOLIS - An Indiana University cancer researcher and her colleagues have identified genetic markers that may help determine who benefits from regular use of aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for lowering one's risk of developing colorectal cancer. Previous studies have shown that regular use of aspirin and NSAIDs lower one's risk of colorectal cancer, but their use is not recommended as a way to prevent the disease because of uncertainty about the risks and benefits. Thus, the researchers set out to examine the interrelationship between genetic ...

The need for a more open attitude towards invasive alien species data

The need for a more open attitude towards invasive alien species data
2015-03-17
New research published with the support of the FP7 large-scale bioinformatics project Building the European Biodiversity Observation Network (EU BON) and the Alien Challenge COST action reveals the importance of open data in the study and control of invasive alien species. The study was published online in open access in the journal Management of Biological Invasions. Invasive alien species cause a wide variety of problems, including issues related to conservation; to human and animal health; to agriculture and to fisheries management. But how can science be useful to ...

Chronic bowel inflammation is diagnosed too late in children and adolescents

2015-03-17
Cramping abdominal pains, diarrhea, bloody stools--these are common symptoms of chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Every year, up to 1470 children and adolescents in Germany develop the disease. But chronic inflammatory bowel disease is mostly diagnosed too late in these patients, as Stephan Buderus, Dietmar Scholz, and colleagues show in an original article in the current issue of Deutsches Ärzteblatt International (Dtsch Arztebl Int 2015; 112: 121-7). The average delay between initial symptoms and diagnosis is four to six months. In most cases, the inflammation ...

Study: Erectile dysfunction drug relieves nerve damage in diabetic mice

2015-03-17
DETROIT - New animal studies at Henry Ford Hospital found that sildenafil, a drug commonly used to treat erectile dysfunction, may be effective in relieving painful and potentially life-threatening nerve damage in men with long-term diabetes. The research targeted diabetic peripheral neuropathy, the most common complication of diabetes, affecting as many as 70 percent of patients. The study was recently published online in PLOS ONE. Lei Wang, M.D., the Henry Ford neuroscientist who led the research, said that although numerous drugs have been shown to be effective in ...

LAST 30 PRESS RELEASES:

Signs identified that precede sudden arrhythmic death syndrome in young people

Discovery of bacteria's defence against viruses becomes a piece of the puzzle against resistance

Pre-eclampsia is associated with earlier onset and higher incidence of cardiovascular risk factors

Warwick astronomers discover doomed pair of spiralling stars on our cosmic doorstep

Soil conditions significantly increase rainfall in world’s megastorm hotspots

NK cells complexed with bispecific antibody yield high response rates in patients with lymphoma

Planetary health diet and mediterranean diet associated with similar survival and sustainability benefits

Singapore launches national standard to validate antimicrobial disinfectant products

Molecular stool test could improve detection of tuberculosis in adults with HIV

Suspected fibrocartilaginous embolus in Asian small-clawed otter (Aonyx cinereus)

Enhancing heat transfer using the turbulent flow of viscoelastic fluids

Exercise as an anti-ageing intervention to avoid detrimental impact of mental fatigue

UMass Amherst Nursing Professor Emerita honored as ‘Living Legend’

New guidelines aim to improve cystic fibrosis screening

Picky eaters by day, buffet by night: Butterfly, moth diets sync to plant aromas

Pennington Biomedical’s Dr. Leanne Redman honored with the E. V. McCollum Award from the American Society for Nutrition

CCNY physicists uncover electronic interactions mediated via spin waves

Researchers’ 3D-printing formula may transform future of foam

Nurture more important than nature for robotic hand

Drug-delivering aptamers target leukemia stem cells for one-two knockout punch

New study finds that over 95% of sponsored influencer posts on Twitter were not disclosed

New sea grant report helps great lakes fish farmers navigate aquaculture regulations

Strain “trick” improves perovskite solar cells’ efficiency

How GPS helps older drivers stay on the roads

Estrogen and progesterone stimulate the body to make opioids

Dancing with the cells – how acoustically levitating a diamond led to a breakthrough in biotech automation

Machine learning helps construct an evolutionary timeline of bacteria

Cellular regulator of mRNA vaccine revealed... offering new therapeutic options

Animal behavioral diversity at risk in the face of declining biodiversity

Finding their way: GPS ignites independence in older adult drivers

[Press-News.org] Duration of antiplatelet therapy following PCI, risk of adverse events