PRESS-NEWS.org - Press Release Distribution
PRESS RELEASES DISTRIBUTION

Smoking a significant predictor of lung cancer recurrence in survivors

2015-05-19
(Press-News.org) ATS 2015, DENVER - In 2015, an estimated 158,040 Americans are expected to die from lung cancer, making it the leading cause of cancer death in in this country. Lung cancer screening with low-dose CT scans in high risk smokers has recently been approved to help detect lung cancer in its early stages when no symptoms are noticeable. The hope is that by detecting lung cancer in the early, more treatable stages, doctors may be able to improve the outcomes of patients with lung cancer. However, in addition to screening high risk smokers, close follow-up and monitoring of lung cancer survivors is also extremely important.

A new study has shown that many lung cancer survivors are at high risk for developing another lung cancer or having their cancer return after completing treatment. Conducted by researchers in the U.S., the study specifically looked at lung cancer survivors from three different institutions who had shown no further evidence of having the disease after completing the required treatment for lung cancer.

The study will be presented at the ATS 2015 International Conference.

"We looked closely at risk factors that may help in predicting cancer recurrence in lung cancer survivors," said study lead author Samjot Dhillon, MD. "What we learned is that patients with a history of lung cancer should have close long-term surveillance so their doctor can detect early on if the cancer is recurring or if there is another cancer developing."

The research looked at 192 lung cancer survivors who underwent surveillance with CT scans of their chest and autofluorescence bronchoscopy (AFB) for a mean duration of close to 8 and a half years. AFB allows doctors to see premalignant and early malignant lesions in the central airways while CT scans can reveal large lymph nodes in the chest or nodules inside the lungs which could be due to cancer. This means both CT and AFB may allow detection of lung cancer in early stages.

They also looked at information about major risk factors to see if there was a connection between them and cancer recurrence. Those factors included: smoking status, as well as how many packs they smoke per year; prior cancers; respiratory disease; asbestos exposure; and if there was a family history of lung cancer.

What they found was that 38% had developed recurrent or another lung cancer during this period. Further research analyzing the significant factors for predicting lung cancer recurrence indicated that those factors were: having recurrence of another non-lung cancer; presence of a nodule on a CT scan of chest, regardless of its size or location; finding premalignant lesions called "metaplasia" on three AFB exams anywhere in central airway; and how long the patients had been smoking. In fact, for every additional pack a patient smoked per year, it increased the risk of having lung cancer again by 1%.

This study demonstrates that lung cancer survivors need to be monitored closely by their doctors to detect if their lung cancer is recurring or if another is developing.

"Along with close medical surveillance for lung cancer recurrence, it is also important for patients to stop smoking as soon as possible since this is a known risk," said Dhillon. "Every additional pack per year of smoking is associated with further increased risk of cancer recurrence."

INFORMATION:

* Please note that numbers in this release may differ slightly from those in the abstract. Many of these investigations are ongoing; the release represents the most up-to-date data available at press time.

Abstract 67841 Risk Factors Predicting Cancer Recurrence in Lung Cancer Survivors Type: Scientific Abstract Category: 09.21 - Lung Cancer: Clinical Aspects (TO) Authors: S. Dhillon1, M. Mahoney1, K. Harris1, A. Hutson2, P. Hershberger1, A. Ray2, M.E. Reid1;1Roswell Park Cancer Institute - Buffalo, NY/US,2SUNY University at Buffalo - Buffalo, NY/US

Abstract Body Introduction: Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death in men and women. While the majority of new cases are diagnosed at advanced stages, the introduction of lung cancer screening should produce a shift to lung cancers diagnosed at earlier stages. However, even at the earliest stage, lung cancer survival remains below the other leading cancers because of the eventual recurrence or second primary tumors (SPT). We analyzed factors associated with lung cancer recurrence in 192 lung cancer survivors who completed surveillance with both chest CT and autofluorescent bronchoscopy (AFB). Methods: After completing definitive treatment, 192 lung cancer survivors with no evidence of active disease (NED) entered active surveillance. Results from CTs (e.g., pulmonary nodules) and AFB (e.g., premalignant lesions and cancers) were captured from the medical record at three participating institutions. Major risk factor information such as smoking status and pack-year exposures (PY), prior cancers, respiratory disease, asbestos exposure, and family history of lung cancer were also collected. Results: Mean duration of surveillance was 8.3 years. Mean age was 62 years (median, range), 95% had a smoking history with median PY= 56, range 35-81. Of the 192 survivors, 72 (38%) experienced a recurrence or new primary lung cancer. Cox proportional hazards ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for predicting recurrent or second primary lung cancers showed that other cancer recurrence (HR= 4.8; 95% CI (2.2-10.6); p-value END



ELSE PRESS RELEASES FROM THIS DATE:

Tunable liquid metal antennas

Tunable liquid metal antennas
2015-05-19
WASHINGTON D.C., May 19, 2015 -- Researchers have held tremendous interest in liquid metal electronics for many years, but a significant and unfortunate drawback slowing the advance of such devices is that they tend to require external pumps that can't be easily integrated into electronic systems. So a team of North Carolina State University (NCSU) researchers set out to create a reconfigurable liquid metal antenna controlled by voltage only, which they describe in the Journal of Applied Physics, from AIP Publishing. The team's work was inspired by a phenomenon recently ...

Mayo urologists present findings at 2015 American Urological Association meeting

2015-05-19
ROCHESTER, Minn. -- Mayo Clinic urologists will present research findings onseveral topics at the American Urological Association Annual Meeting May 15-19 in New Orleans. Researchers will be available to discuss their research with reporters who are covering the conference. Mayo Clinic studies to be presented include: Holmium Laser Excision of Genitourinary Mesh Exposure Following Anti-Incontinence Surgery: Minimum Six-Month Follow-up. Embargoed until Sunday, May 17, 2015 1:00 p.m. CT The polypropylene mesh implants used in some incontinence surgeries for women can ...

Oral steroids for herniated disk do not improve pain

2015-05-19
Among patients with acute radiculopathy (sciatica) due to a herniated lumbar disk, a short course of oral steroids, compared with placebo, resulted in modest improvement in function and no significant improvement in pain, according to a study in the May 19 issue of JAMA. Many patients with sciatica endure substantial pain and disability. For those who do not recover quickly, invasive procedures such as epidural steroid injections (ESIs) and surgery are commonly performed. Oral administration of steroid medication may provide similar anti-inflammatory activity, can be ...

Study finds high prevalence of metabolic syndrome in US

2015-05-19
Nearly 35 percent of all U.S. adults and 50 percent of those 60 years of age or older were estimated to have the metabolic syndrome in 2011-2012, according to a study in the May 19 issue of JAMA. The metabolic syndrome is combination of health conditions (such as obesity, high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, poor lipid profile) that contribute to cardiovascular illness and death. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2006 reported a metabolic syndrome prevalence of 34 percent. Understanding updated prevalence trends may be important ...

Studies examine prevalence of amyloid among adults and its link with cognitive impairment

2015-05-19
Two studies in the May 19 issue of JAMA analyze the prevalence of the plaque amyloid among adults of varying ages, with and without dementia, and its association with cognitive impairment. Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, with a worldwide prevalence of about 25 million in 2010, expected to be doubled by 2030 because of increased life expectancy. The earliest recognizable pathological event in AD is cerebral amyloid-β aggregation (protein fragments that clump together to form plaque). This pathology may be present up to 20 years before ...

Oral steroids for acute sciatica produce limited improvement in function and pain

2015-05-19
Among patients with acute sciatica caused by a herniated lumbar disk (a condition also known as "acute radiculopathy"), a short course of oral steroids resulted in only modest improvement in function and no significant improvement in pain, according to a study published today in the Journal of the American Medical Association. Acute sciatica, characterized by radiating buttock and leg pain, is most frequently associated with a herniated disk in the lower (lumbar) spine, and occurs in more than one in 10 people sometime in their lives. Although oral steroids are used by ...

Scientists print low cost radio frequency antenna with graphene ink

Scientists print low cost radio frequency antenna with graphene ink
2015-05-19
Scientists have moved graphene -- the incredibly strong and conductive single-atom-thick sheet of carbon -- a significant step along the path from lab bench novelty to commercially viable material for new electronic applications. Researchers from the University of Manchester, together with BGT Materials Limited, a graphene manufacturer in the United Kingdom, have printed a radio frequency antenna using compressed graphene ink. The antenna performed well enough to make it practical for use in radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags and wireless sensors, the researchers ...

Antidepressants beneficial for women with postnatal depression

2015-05-19
Antidepressants are associated with better rates of treatment response and remission for women with postnatal depression, when compared to a placebo, according to a new systematic review by the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN) at King's College London. Reports often focus on the risks of using antidepressants during pregnancy and the postnatal period but this paper, published today in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), highlights the benefits that antidepressants can have for women with postnatal depression. Postnatal depression ...

Most European men descend from a handful of Bronze Age forefathers

2015-05-19
Researchers determined DNA sequences from the Y chromosomes of 334 men belonging to 17 populations from Europe and the Middle East Study shows that almost two out of three (64%) modern European men belong to just three young paternal lineage Male-specific population expansion was widespread, and surprisingly recent, focusing interest on the Bronze Age Geneticists from the University of Leicester have discovered that most European men descend from just a handful of Bronze Age forefathers, due to a 'population explosion' several thousand years ago. The project, which ...

Age-reversal effects of 'young blood' molecule GDF-11 called into question

Age-reversal effects of young blood molecule GDF-11 called into question
2015-05-19
The leading theory for why the blood of younger mice rejuvenates the muscles of older mice is now in contest. The vampiric exchange of young blood and old blood has long been reported to have anti-aging effects, but it was in 2013 when Harvard University researchers first linked GDF-11, a molecule that circulates in the blood, to this effect. Now, an analysis that set out to see how GDF-11 works in the muscles published May 19 in Cell Metabolism found just the opposite. The investigators showed first that GDF-11 was not specifically measured; the methods that were previously ...

LAST 30 PRESS RELEASES:

Multi-resistance in bacteria predicted by AI model

Tinker Tots: A citizen science project to explore ethical dilemmas in embryo selection

Sensing sickness

Cost to build multifamily housing in California more than twice as high as in Texas

Program takes aim at drinking, unsafe sex, and sexual assault on college campuses

Inability to pay for healthcare reaches record high in U.S.

Science ‘storytelling’ urgently needed amid climate and biodiversity crisis

KAIST Develops Retinal Therapy to Restore Lost Vision​

Adipocyte-hepatocyte signaling mechanism uncovered in endoplasmic reticulum stress response

Mammals were adapting from life in the trees to living on the ground before dinosaur-killing asteroid

Low LDL cholesterol levels linked to reduced risk of dementia

Thickening of the eye’s retina associated with greater risk and severity of postoperative delirium in older patients

Almost one in ten people surveyed report having been harmed by the NHS in the last three years

Enhancing light control with complex frequency excitations

New research finds novel drug target for acute myeloid leukemia, bringing hope for cancer patients

New insight into factors associated with a common disease among dogs and humans

Illuminating single atoms for sustainable propylene production

New study finds Rocky Mountain snow contamination

Study examines lactation in critically ill patients

UVA Engineering Dean Jennifer West earns AIMBE’s 2025 Pierre Galletti Award

Doubling down on metasurfaces

New Cedars-Sinai study shows how specialized diet can improve gut disorders

Making moves and hitting the breaks: Owl journeys surprise researchers in western Montana

PKU Scientists simulate the origin and evolution of the North Atlantic Oscillation

ICRAFT breakthrough: Unlocking A20’s dual role in cancer immunotherapy

How VR technology is changing the game for Alzheimer’s disease

A borrowed bacterial gene allowed some marine diatoms to live on a seaweed diet

Balance between two competing nerve proteins deters symptoms of autism in mice

Use of antifungals in agriculture may increase resistance in an infectious yeast

Awareness grows of cancer risk from alcohol consumption, survey finds

[Press-News.org] Smoking a significant predictor of lung cancer recurrence in survivors