PRESS-NEWS.org - Press Release Distribution
PRESS RELEASES DISTRIBUTION

Unimolecular reactions of anti-glycolaldehyde oxide and its reactions with one and two water molecules

Unimolecular reactions of anti-glycolaldehyde oxide and its reactions with one and two water molecules
2023-07-15
(Press-News.org) Criegee intermediates are produced in the ozonolysis of unsaturated compounds in the atmosphere. These intermediates are especially importanct because they contribute to the formation of OH radical during the night and to formation of secondary organic aerosols. The OH radicals increase the oxidative capacity of the atmosphere, and the aerosols may reflect or absorb sunlight and contribute to cloud formation. Criegee intermediates also lay key roles in conversion of sulfur dioxide into sulfur trioxide, finally resulting in the formation of sulfuric acid, which is toxic and has been identified as an important nucleation precursor in acid rain mechanisms. Additionally, Criegee intermediates can be a significant sink for atmospheric acids and aldehydes. Therefore, we must understand the chemical kinetics of Criegee intermediates, but experimental information is difficult to obtain for these highly reactive intermediates and is limited. Therefore, theory can play an important role, especially when carried out at the highest possible levels.

Anti-glycolaldehyde oxide (E-(CH2OH)CHOO) is a substituted Criegee intermediate produced in the ozonolysis of unsaturated alcohols. In this article, high-level coupled cluster theory and dual-level multi-structural canonical variational transition state theory with corner-cutting tunneling are used to investigate the unimolecular reaction of ECH2(OH)CHOO and the bimolecular reactions of this intermediate with atmospheric water vapor. The article finds that the beyond-CCSD(T) contribution to the electronic structure (i.e., the importance of higher-level correlating excitations) depends on the specific reaction. In addition, reaction with water monomer of the heterodimer of ECH2(OH)CHOO complexed with a water molecule dominates over the reaction of ECH2(OH)CHOO with water dimers at low temperature; this reaction path, although not considered in previous literature, may be common in many other termolecular reactions of Criegee intermediates with two water molecules. This study also finds that the OH substituent on the Criegee intermediate increases its reactivity.

These findings can guide structure–activity relationships currently being used to model atmospheric chemistry, and therefore they may improve our understanding of climate change and acid rain.

END

[Attachments] See images for this press release:
Unimolecular reactions of anti-glycolaldehyde oxide and its reactions with one and two water molecules

ELSE PRESS RELEASES FROM THIS DATE:

5-aminolevulinic acid might help fight mitochondrial disorders

5-aminolevulinic acid might help fight mitochondrial disorders
2023-07-15
Tokyo, Japan – Scientists from Tokyo Metropolitan University have shown that 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) helps bypass deficiencies in Complex I (CI), the first in a series of protein complexes that transport electrons and help power the mitochondria. They showed that fruit flies missing the analogous protein showed improved health when given a cocktail of drugs including 5-ALA. CI deficiency is responsible for the majority of mitochondrial disorders; the team’s findings might lead to new therapies. Mitochondrial diseases arise from problems in the mitochondria, a small organelle in cells which produces adenosine triphosphate (ATP), ...

Mobile app enables students with special needs to self-monitor behavior, focus more in class

Mobile app enables students with special needs to self-monitor behavior, focus more in class
2023-07-14
COLUMBIA, Mo. -- When Sara Estrapala started her career as a high school paraeducator supporting students with disabilities such as autism, down syndrome, learning disorders and challenging behaviors, she quickly recognized a challenge — her teenage students desire to make their own decisions and their teachers’ struggle to keep them engaged and following directions. Now an assistant research professor in the University of Missouri College of Education and Human Development, Estrapala is leading a four-year, $519,939 early career development and mentoring ...

Remote plant worlds

Remote plant worlds
2023-07-14
Oceanic islands provide useful models for ecology, biogeography and evolutionary research. Many ground-breaking findings – including Darwin's theory of evolution – have emerged from the study of species on islands and their interplay with their living and non-living environment. Now, an international research team led by the University of Göttingen has investigated the flora of the Canary Island of Tenerife. The results were surprising: the island's plant-life exhibits a remarkable diversity ...

Renewal for university network Enlight

Renewal for university network Enlight
2023-07-14
The European university network Enlight has been renewed: the EU has funded the Enlight Network consisting of the University of Göttingen with nine other research-oriented universities for four more years with a total of around 14.4 million euros. The Network plans to use a large part of the funds for academic initiatives, underlining its commitment to supporting researchers and students. In addition to the University of Göttingen, the Network includes the Universities of Ghent, Groningen, Uppsala and Tartu, the University of the Basque Country, the Universities of Bordeaux and Galway as well as Comenius University Bratislava; and Enlight's tenth and ...

UVA engineer innovates a liquid safety cushioning technology

UVA engineer innovates a liquid safety cushioning technology
2023-07-14
The discovery that football players were unknowingly acquiring permanent brain damage as they racked up head hits throughout their professional careers created a rush to design better head protection. One of these inventions is nanofoam, the material on the inside of football helmets. Thanks to mechanical and aerospace engineering associate professor Baoxing Xu at the University of Virginia and his research team, nanofoam just received a big upgrade and protective sports equipment could, too. This newly invented design integrates nanofoam with “non-wetting ionized liquid," a ...

Your neighborhood may increase risk of hospitalization from respiratory diseases like COVID-19.

Your neighborhood may increase risk of hospitalization from respiratory diseases like COVID-19.
2023-07-14
The range of COVID-19 symptoms varies—some feel a mild cold, others are hospitalized, while others perish. Many studies have linked the severity of COVID-19 symptoms with an individual’s biological factors, but less is known about the impact of non-biological factors, such as the environment in which people live. A new study that published on June 14, 2023, in the journal PLoS ONE, is the first to show that the neighborhood-built environment might pose an independent risk determining the individuals hospitalized due to COVID-19 illness. The authors found that in a cohort of more than 18,000 individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infections, living in ...

Multiple uses of tropical mosaic landscapes

Multiple uses of tropical mosaic landscapes
2023-07-14
Many landscapes in the tropics consist of a mosaic of different types of land use. How people make use of these different ecosystems, with their particular plant communities, was unclear until now. Researchers, many of them from Madagascar, have now investigated this in an interdisciplinary Malagasy research project at the University of Göttingen. When considering biodiversity, forests often get the most attention. But this research shows that rural households use a wide range of plant species ...

Parkinson's disease, intense exercise helps to keep the disease at bay

2023-07-14
Neuroscientists from the Faculty of Medicine of the Catholic University, Rome Campus, and the A. Gemelli IRCCS Polyclinic Foundation found that intensive exercise could slow the course of Parkinson's disease and described the biological mechanisms. The finding could pave the way for new non-drug approaches. The study "Intensive exercise ameliorates motor and cognitive symptoms in experimental Parkinson's disease by restoring striatal synaptic plasticity" is published in the journal Science Advances. The research was led by Catholic University, Rome Campus ...

Bringing COVID-19 data into focus

2023-07-14
Using an approach based on computer vision technology, researchers can work back from COVID-19 mortality data to see how infection rates changed on the day a lockdown or similar measure was introduced. The approach could be generally useful in future epidemics and pandemics. The work is published July 14 in Science Advances.  Coauthors Leonor Saiz, professor of biomedical engineering at the University of California, Davis, and Jose Vilar, University of the Basque Country, Spain, wanted to see the effects of non-pharmaceutical interventions such as social distancing, lockdowns and masking in the first year of the pandemic. They looked at daily death reports from European ...

DBST: a lightweight block cipher based on dynamic S-box

DBST: a lightweight block cipher based on dynamic S-box
2023-07-14
Block ciphers, a branch of modern cryptography, are playing a more prominent role in protecting information security as 5G technology develops. Although encryption algorithms of the traditional Feistel structure have great advantages in terms of consistent encryption and decryption, they have poor diffusion effects. Besides, they cannot adapt to the high throughput communication environment and resource-constrained devices. The S-box is the crucial nonlinear component in the block cipher and significantly determines the security of an algorithm. Unfortunately, the vast proportion of S-boxes exist in a static manner, which ...

LAST 30 PRESS RELEASES:

Chung-Ang University develops chloride-resistant Ru nanocatalysts for sustainable hydrogen production from seawater

Afghanistan’s August 2025 earthquake reveals the cost of international isolation, UN scientists warn

Shortlist announced for Panmure House Prize

Small nuclear RNA base editing a safer alternative to CRISPR, UC San Diego researchers find

Can Hayabusa2 touchdown? New study reveals space mission’s target asteroid is tinier and faster than thought

Millisecond windows of time may be key to how we hear, study finds

Graz University of Technology opens up new avenues in lung cancer research with digital cell twin

Exoplanets are not water worlds

Study shows increasing ‘healthy competition’ between menu options nudges patients towards greener, lower-fat hospital food choices

New insights into melanoma plasticity uncover a critical role of iron metabolism

A graphene sandwich — deposited or transferred?

New light-powered motor fits inside a strand of hair

Oil rig study reveals vital role of tiny hoverflies

Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia researchers boost widespread use of dental varnish across pediatric network

iRECODE: A new computational method that brings clarity to single-cell analysis

New NUS-MOH study: Singapore’s healthcare sector carbon emissions 18% lower than expected, a milestone in the city-state’s net zero journey

QUT scientists create material to turn waste heat into clean power

Major new report sets out how to tackle the ‘profound and lasting impact’ of COVID-19 on cardiovascular health

Cosmic crime scene: White dwarf found devouring Pluto-like icy world

Major report tackles Covid’s cardiovascular crisis head-on

A third of licensed GPs in England not working in NHS general practice

ChatGPT “thought on the fly” when put through Ancient Greek maths puzzle

Engineers uncover why tiny particles form clusters in turbulent air

GLP-1RA drugs dramatically reduce death and cardiovascular risk in psoriasis patients

Psoriasis linked to increased risk of vision-threatening eye disease, study finds

Reprogramming obesity: New drug from Italian biotech aims to treat the underlying causes of obesity

Type 2 diabetes may accelerate development of multiple chronic diseases, particularly in the early stages, UK Biobank study suggests

Resistance training may improve nerve health, slow aging process, study shows

Common and inexpensive medicine halves the risk of recurrence in patients with colorectal cancer

SwRI-built instruments to monitor, provide advanced warning of space weather events

[Press-News.org] Unimolecular reactions of anti-glycolaldehyde oxide and its reactions with one and two water molecules