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This study is led by Prof. Junbo Ge (Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases), Prof. Hua Li (Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases), and Prof. Hao Lu (Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases).
As an emerging concept, panvascular diseases encompass a group of cardiovascular disorders characterized mainly by atherosclerosis, involving crucial organs such as the heart, brain, kidneys, and limbs. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) plays a pivotal role as a major regulatory factor in the cardiovascular system's response to common stressors, such as hypoxia. Meanwhile, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) serve as key cells responsible for regulating cardiovascular system pressure and oxygen delivery. The plasticity, versatility, and interaction of these two factors with panvascular diseases warrant in-depth investigation.
In the pathological state of panvascular diseases, overactive VSMCs (e.g., in atherosclerosis, pulmonary arterial hypertension) or dysfunctional VSMCs (e.g., in arterial aneurysms, vascular calcification) are closely associated with HIFs. These widespread systemic diseases also underscore the interdisciplinary nature of panvascular medicine. Furthermore, considering the similarities in proliferative characteristics between VSMCs and cancer cells, as well as the delicate balance between angiogenesis and cancer progression, there is an urgent need for more precise regulatory targets or combination therapies to enhance the effectiveness of HIF-targeted treatments. Based on the above content, this review focuses on discussing the significance of the HIF signaling pathway in panvascular diseases related to VSMCs, taking into consideration the importance of balancing global and local, as well as temporal and spatial aspects.
The review also explored the relevance of HIF-related drugs' targets in panvascular diseases while weighing their pros and cons. The "-dustats" is a novel type of drug that can inhibit PHD, thus activating the HIF-EPO pathway, and its effect on increasing EPO in the body is gentle. In existing research, the drug "-dustats" has been found to improve iron metabolism while treating anemia, and it generally does not exhibit significant cardiovascular side effects or promote cancer occurrence. Furthermore, more precise and targeted HIF pathway-activating drugs require either more specific indirect activation of HIF (e.g., inhibitors targeting specific PHD1-3 or FIH) or more effective direct activation targeting the specific HIF isoforms. Additionally, the issue of drug resistance also needs to be addressed.
Collectively, there are three key points in advancing the transformation of HIF-related treatment strategies for VSMC in panvascular medicine: (1) focusing on the commonality and specificity of HIFs in panvascular disease; (2) the overall consideration of targeting HIF-related pathways, and (3) the development of precise drugs targeting HIF-related pathways. Overall, the clinical transformation of HIFs-related therapies requires that doctors pay more attention to individual differences (eg, place of residence, gender, and disease) in diagnosis and treatment to identify underlying problems; researchers explore and clarify the different roles and interactions of HIFs in different organs/systems or different stages of the disease; and pharmaceutical experts or engineers strive to industrialize the production of personalized targeted drugs with superior pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. Therefore, based on the principle of “from doctors, by engineers/researchers, for patients”, the substantial clinical transformation of HIFs-related treatment in panvascular medicine can be realized.
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Magnetic skyrmions are tiny vortices-like of magnetic spin textures that - in principle - can be used for spintronic devices, for example very fast and energy-efficient data storage devices. But at the moment it is still difficult to control and manipulate skyrmions at room temperature. A new study at BESSY II analyses the formation of skyrmions in ferrimagnetic thin films of dysprosium and cobalt in real time and with high spatial resolution. This is an important step towards characterising suitable materials with skyrmions more precisely in the future.
Isolated magnetic skyrmions are topologically protected spin textures that are in the focus of research ...
A new drug offers a breakthrough world first treatment for Lipoprotein(a), a largely genetic form of cholesterol that increases the risk of heart attack and stroke, announced today by study lead Professor Stephen Nicholls, Director of the Monash University’s Victorian Heart Institute and Victorian Heart Hospital.
High levels of Lipoprotein(a), known as Lp(a) or spoken as ‘LP little a’, impact one in five people globally with no approved treatment currently on the market.
The trial demonstrated the success of Muvalaplin - the first oral drug ever ...
Scientists at Dalian University of Technology propose a design of copper nanowire assemblies that can sufficiently enhance the de-icing and defrosting efficiency without conventional energy input. Specifically, the defrosting efficacy approaches 100%, a record-high value compared to reported studies.
The research, published in International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing, shows a simple electrochemical method for fabricating nanowire assemblies with controlled pattern, hierarchy, and size. This enables the simultaneous presentation of photothermal, thermal conductive, and superhydrophobic ...
It is well known that biodiversity of cultural landscapes is threatened by land abandonment and agricultural intensification. Traditional, low chemical and machinery input management systems have long been acknowledged for their diverse benefits to maintain and enhance biodiversity, however, the recognition of traditional knowledge, on which these traditional management practices are based, started only relatively recently. The recognition of traditional knowledge holders themselves is an even more recent phenomenon. A recently published paper aims to ...
Amsterdam, Netherlands – 26 Aug 2023: Is the routine implantation of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) in myocardial infarction survivors with heart failure still an adequate therapy for prevention of sudden cardiac death? The PROFID EHRA trial is set to answer this question in a large, multicentre, EU-funded study set to enrol the first patient this summer. The consortium of partners and colleagues involved in the trial, including the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC), will meet during ESC Congress 2023 to discuss the start of the study.
Myocardial ...
Amsterdam, Netherlands – 26 Aug 2023: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) cost the EU an estimated €282 billion in 2021, according to late breaking research presented at ESC Congress 2023.1 Health and long-term care accounted for €155 billion (55%) of these costs, equalling 11% of EU health expenditure. The analysis was a collaborative effort by the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the University of Oxford, UK.
Study author Dr. Ramon Luengo-Fernandez of the University of Oxford said: “CVD had a significant impact ...
NIH-funded study supports use of ECMO for critically ill patients with obesity
ECMO does not appear to complicate treatment for severe respiratory failure for adults with obesity
A National Institutes of Health-supported study suggests that adults with obesity may benefit from the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), an advanced form of breathing support, when in intensive care for respiratory failure. ECMO’s use was previously questioned for patients with obesity due to the belief that it may complicate ...
About The Study: Muvalaplin was not associated with tolerability concerns and lowered lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]) levels up to 65% following daily administration for 14 days in this first-in-human phase 1 study involving healthy participants. Lipoprotein(a) is associated with atherosclerotic disease and aortic stenosis. Longer and larger trials will be required to further evaluate safety, tolerability, and effect of muvalaplin on Lp(a) levels and cardiovascular outcomes.
Authors: Stephen J. Nicholls, M.B.B.S., Ph.D., of Monash University in Clayton, ...
Anyone who’s been caught in an unexpected downpour knows that weather forecasting is an imperfect science. Now, researchers at Stevens Institute of Technology are taking aim at one of meteorologists’ biggest blind spots: extremely short-term forecasts, or nowcasts, that predict what will happen in a given location over the next few minutes.
“This isn’t just about whether you should take your umbrella with you when you go on a walk,” said Temimi. “The forecasts that we’re missing – the ones that look ...
About The Study: In this study of 111,000 U.S. military veterans with coronary artery disease, suboptimal lipid-lowering therapy was prevalent in the clinical setting. Optimization of statin therapy was projected to produce clinically relevant reductions in the risks of death and cardiovascular events. Despite a lesser lipid-lowering efficacy of ezetimibe, its widespread use on a population level in conjunction with optimized statin therapy may be associated with further meaningful reductions in cardiovascular risk.
Authors: Gregory G. Schwartz, M.D., Ph.D., of the Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center in Aurora, Colorado, is the corresponding author.
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