(Press-News.org) Research Highlights:
An artificial intelligence (AI) system to help guide treatment decisions for stroke patients led to improved stroke care quality and fewer recurrent strokes, heart attacks and vascular death among stroke survivors three months after a stroke.
The study, conducted in hospitals in China, compared artificial intelligence-based evaluation and treatment for ischemic stroke patients to standard evaluation and treatment by the stroke care team.
Embargoed until 12:16 p.m. MT/2:16 p.m. ET, Thursday, Feb. 8, 2024
PHOENIX, Feb. 8, 2024 — Ischemic stroke survivors who received care recommendations from an artificial intelligence (AI)-based system had fewer recurrent strokes, heart attacks or vascular death within three months, compared to people whose stroke treatment was not guided by AI tools, according to preliminary late-breaking science presented today at the American Stroke Association’s International Stroke Conference 2024. The meeting, held in person in Phoenix, Feb. 7 - 9, 2024, is a world premier meeting for researchers and clinicians dedicated to the science of stroke and brain health.
“This research showed that an artificial intelligence-based clinical decision support system for stroke care was effective and feasible in clinical settings in China and improved patient outcomes,” said lead study author Zixiao Li, M.D., Ph.D., chief physician, professor and deputy director of neurology at Capital Medical University’s Beijing Tiantan Hospital in Beijing, China. “This type of technology aids neurologists by facilitating the sharing of information between humans and AI, using their combined strengths.”
Ischemic stroke is the leading cause of death in China, according to Li. Timely evaluation and decisions for stroke diagnosis and treatment are critical to restore blood flow and minimize the amount of injury to the brain. In 2021, there were 7.44 million deaths attributable to stroke worldwide and about half of those were ischemic stroke, according to the most recent data in the 2024 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of U.S. and Global Data From the American Heart Association. In the U.S., 87% of strokes are ischemic strokes, which occur when blood vessels to the brain become narrowed or clogged with plaque, cutting off blood flow to the brain.
In the clinical trial called GOLDEN BRIDGE II, 77 hospitals in China were randomly assigned to deliver diagnosis and treatment for ischemic stroke patients either based on recommendations from the AI technology system or assessments and recommendations by the hospitals’ stroke care team. The AI system integrated participants’ brain imaging scans interpreted by AI with established clinical knowledge for stroke diagnosis, stroke classification and guideline-recommended treatment and strategies to prevent secondary stroke.
For the more than 20,000 participants in the study, researchers then measured the number of vascular events — ischemic strokes, hemorrhagic strokes, heart attacks or death due to a vascular event — among all study participants after their initial ischemic stroke during a three-month follow-up period.
The analysis found:
Using the AI-based clinical decision support system reduced the chances of new vascular events by 25.6% during the three-month period after the initial stroke, and also improved stroke care quality with patients more likely to be treated with guideline directed medical therapy.
At three months, participants treated at the hospitals using AI support experienced fewer total vascular events compared to people receiving standard post-stroke evaluation and treatment (2.9% vs 3.9%).
There were no statistically significant differences in physical disability levels between patients in either the AI-guided care or the standard care group at three months, as assessed using a modified Rankin Scale Score — a tool used to determine levels of disability in people who have experienced a stroke.
“The reduction in new vascular events is a significant finding because it shows that AI has the potential to make a real difference in stroke care and benefit this large population of stroke survivors,” said Li, who is also a professor at the China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases; the Research Unit of Artificial Intelligence in Cerebrovascular Disease at the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; and the Chinese Institute for Brain Research, all in Beijing.
“In the future, we hope to have more AI applications validated through clinical research and hope that the clinical decision support system can be expanded to include more aspects of stroke care, including reperfusion therapy and long-term secondary prevention, rehabilitation and so on. At the same time, we also hope that AI applications can be broadened to apply to other health conditions.”
Study details and background:
The research was conducted between January 2021 and June 2023 in 77 hospitals across various regions of China.
A total of 21,603 adults hospitalized for acute ischemic strokes were included in the study — about one-third were women and participants’ average age was 67 years.
The number of participants receiving each treatment approach was nearly the same, with 11,054 receiving AI-evaluation and treatment, and 10,549 receiving usual care and treatment based on the hospital’s neurologists’ assessments and recommendations.
Almost all of the participants (21,579) were included in the final data evaluations because they completed the three-month follow-up.
The neurologists in the hospitals testing the AI technology completed training on the stroke AI-clinical decisions support system before the study began.
Stroke care quality was measured by internationally recognized composite score of evidence-based performance measures for acute ischemic stroke care quality including eight measures at the beginning of hospitalization and five measures at discharge, Li said.
Study limitations include that hospitals were randomized to the AI-based strategy or standard care rather than individual patients; and differences in care patterns and outcomes among the hospitals and subsequent outpatient care may have impacted the results. Additionally, whether the improvement in care and outcomes can be sustained needs further evaluation, and the functionality of the stroke AI-based clinical decision support system may need to be constantly updated with revised evidence-based clinical guidelines. More extensive and sustainable clinical application models of the stroke AI-based clinical decision support system for other health conditions and in other countries need to be explored.
Co-authors, disclosures and funding sources are listed in the manuscript.
Statements and conclusions of studies that are presented at the American Heart Association’s scientific meetings are solely those of the study authors and do not necessarily reflect the Association’s policy or position. The Association makes no representation or guarantee as to their accuracy or reliability. Abstracts presented at the Association’s scientific meetings are not peer-reviewed, rather, they are curated by independent review panels and are considered based on the potential to add to the diversity of scientific issues and views discussed at the meeting. The findings are considered preliminary until published as a full manuscript in a peer-reviewed scientific journal.
The Association receives funding primarily from individuals; foundations and corporations (including pharmaceutical, device manufacturers and other companies) also make donations and fund specific Association programs and events. The Association has strict policies to prevent these relationships from influencing the science content. Revenues from pharmaceutical and biotech companies, device manufacturers and health insurance providers and the Association’s overall financial information are available here.
Additional Resources:
Multimedia is available on the right column of release link https://newsroom.heart.org/news/ai-based-system-to-guide-stroke-treatment-decisions-may-help-prevent-another-stroke?preview=e052166a3c0f638b8961e72be56b18ba
After Feb. 7, view LB15 in the ASA International Stroke Conference 2024 Online Program Planner
AHA/ASA health information: Let’s Talk About Ischemic Stroke
AHA news release: Artificial intelligence may speed heart attack diagnosis and treatment (Nov. 2023)
AHA/ASA Guideline: 2021 Guideline for the Prevention of Stroke in Patients With Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack
For more news at ASA International Stroke Conference 2024, follow us on X (formerly known as Twitter @HeartNews #ISC24
###
About the American Stroke Association
The American Stroke Association is devoted to saving people from stroke — the No. 2 cause of death in the world and a leading cause of serious disability. We team with millions of volunteers to fund innovative research, fight for stronger public health policies and provide lifesaving tools and information to prevent and treat stroke. The Dallas-based association officially launched in 1998 as a division of the American Heart Association. To learn more or to get involved, call 1-888-4STROKE or visit stroke.org. Follow us on Facebook, X.
END
AI-based system to guide stroke treatment decisions may help prevent another stroke
American Stroke Association International Stroke Conference – Late-Breaking Science Presentation LB15
2024-02-08
ELSE PRESS RELEASES FROM THIS DATE:
3 schools win national NFL PLAY 60 grants for movement moments
2024-02-08
DALLAS, Feb. 8, 2024 — Announced during the NFL PLAY 60 Super Bowl LVIII Fitness Break Broadcast which aired virtually in classrooms earlier today, three schools have been recognized as national grant winners in the NFL PLAY 60 Movement Moment Matchups, a series that invited classrooms across the country to get active with the 32 NFL clubs throughout the fall. The winners are Beasley Elementary School in St. Louis, Mo., Birchview Elementary School in Ishpeming, Mich. and Shelton Elementary School in Golden, Colo. The three schools will each receive $1,000 grants to use for physical activity equipment for their school.
Movement Moment Matchups ...
Fibroblasts fine-tune penile blood flow and enable erection in mice
2024-02-08
A new study in mice provides insights that could one day open therapeutic alternatives for the treatment of erectile dysfunction in humans. For men, sexual health and well-being largely depend on the ability to attain penile erections, which can be compromised by aging and other health risk factors, including diabetes and atherosclerosis. Penile erection is controlled in part by the corpora cavernosa (CC) – erectile vascular tissue that can fill with blood and enlarge upon vasodilation. Sympathetic release of the vasoconstrictor norepinephrine suppresses penile blood flow to a basal level. Upon sexual arousal, ...
Atmospheric nitrate radicals degrade floral scents, disrupting pollinator-plant interactions
2024-02-08
Air pollutants reduce nocturnal hawkmoth pollination of evening primrose flowers by altering the flowers’ appealing scents, according to a new study that involved field experiments in Washington state. The findings illustrate the impact of anthropogenic airborne pollutants on an animal’s olfactory ability and suggest that such pollutants may limit global pollination. Human activities have drastically altered the environment. Sensory pollutants – human-introduced noise, artificial light, and chemical pollutants – can change animal behavior and fitness by introducing new stimuli or modifying naturally ...
Ultra-fast magma flow into dike below Grindavík Iceland
2024-02-08
The 15-kilometer-long magma dike that formed beneath Grindavík, Iceland, in November 2023, which caused widespread damage and evacuation of the local population, reached an unprecedented subsurface magma flow rate of 7400 cubic meters per second, researchers report. The dike formation preceeded the more recent Sundhnúkur eruptions in December 2023 and January 2024. The study, which combined satellite-based geodetic observations and seismic measurements of the Sundhnúkur crater chain and physical modeling, shows how fracturing and tectonic stress can drive massive magma flow into dikes with only modest overpressure in the feeding magma body. According to the authors, the ...
Combining materials may support unique superconductivity for quantum computing
2024-02-08
UNIVERSITY PARK, Pa. — A new fusion of materials, each with special electrical properties, has all the components required for a unique type of superconductivity that could provide the basis for more robust quantum computing. The new combination of materials, created by a team led by researchers at Penn State, could also provide a platform to explore physical behaviors similar to those of mysterious, theoretical particles known as chiral Majoranas, which could be another promising component for quantum computing.
The ...
The analysis of biological networks allows understanding the complexity of multiple sclerosis
2024-02-08
International research led by the Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS) at Pompeu Fabra University, in collaboration with Hospital del Mar, Hospital Clínic, Charité - Medical University of Berlin, and the universities of Oslo and Genoa, has developed a computational biology tool, based on multi-level network analysis, to achieve an integrated vision of multiple sclerosis. This tool could be used to study other complex diseases such as types of dementia.
Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune ...
Care for life-threatening child diarrhea limited by health providers’ views
2024-02-08
Young children in India who suffer from life-threatening diarrhea frequently are given ineffective treatments because health providers misperceive the wishes of a child’s caregiver, according to a novel new study.
Using actors posing as child caregivers to examine the behavior of health providers in two divergent regions in India, researchers found that the perceived preferences of a child’s caregiver was a more important factor in the way a child was treated than the views of the health care provider about the best course of action.
The ...
ANU scientists debunk role of ‘junk cells’ in fight against malaria
2024-02-08
Researchers from The Australian National University (ANU) have discovered a previously unknown ability of a group of immune system cells, known as Atypical B cells (ABCs), to fight infectious diseases such as malaria.
The discovery provides new insight into how the immune system fights infections and brings scientists a step closer to harnessing the body’s natural defences to combat malaria.
The scientists say ABCs could also be key to developing new treatments for chronic autoimmune conditions such as lupus.
According to the researchers, ABCs have long been associated with malaria, ...
Fibroblasts in the penis are more important for erectile function than previously thought
2024-02-08
Regular erections could be important for maintaining erectile function, according to a new study on mice published in Science by researchers at Karolinska Institutet. “We discovered that an increased frequency of erections leads to more fibroblasts that enable erection and vice versa, that a decreased frequency results in fewer of these cells,” says principal investigator Christian Göritz.
In a new study on mice, researchers at Karolinska Institutet and Uppsala University in Sweden ...
MIT physicists capture the first sounds of heat “sloshing” in a superfluid
2024-02-08
In most materials, heat prefers to scatter. If left alone, a hotspot will gradually fade as it warms its surroundings. But in rare states of matter, heat can behave as a wave, moving back and forth somewhat like a sound wave that bounces from one end of a room to the other. In fact, this wave-like heat is what physicists call “second sound.”
Signs of second sound have been observed in only a handful of materials. Now MIT physicists have captured direct images of second sound for the first time.
The new images reveal how heat can move like a wave, ...
LAST 30 PRESS RELEASES:
Insulin resistance is linked to over 30 diseases – and to early death in women, study of people in the UK finds
Innovative semaglutide hydrogel could reduce diabetes shots to once a month
Weight loss could reduce the risk of severe infections in people with diabetes, UK research suggests
Long-term exposure to air pollution and a lack of green space increases the risk of hospitalization for respiratory conditions
Better cardiovascular health in early pregnancy may offset high genetic risk
Artificial intelligence method transforms gene mutation prediction in lung cancer: DeepGEM data releases at IASLC 2024 World Conference on Lung Cancer
Antibody–drug conjugate I-DXd shows clinically meaningful response in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer
IASLC Global Survey on biomarker testing reveals progress and persistent barriers in lung cancer biomarker testing
Research shows pathway to developing predictive biomarkers for immune checkpoint inhibitors
Just how dangerous is Great Salt Lake dust? New research looks for clues
Maroulas appointed Associate Vice Chancellor, Director of AI Tennessee
New chickadee research finds cognitive skills impact lifespan
Cognitive behavioral therapy enhances brain circuits to relieve depression
Terasaki Institute awarded $2.3 Million grant from NIH for organ transplantation research using organs-on-a-chip technology
Atoms on the edge
Postdoc takes multipronged approach to muon detection
Mathematical proof: Five satellites needed for precise navigation
Scalable, multi-functional device lays groundwork for advanced quantum applications
Falling for financial scams? It may signal early Alzheimer’s disease
Integrating MRI and OCT for new insights into brain microstructure
Designing a normative neuroimaging library to support diagnosis of traumatic brain injury
Department of Energy announces $68 million in funding for artificial intelligence for scientific research
DOE, ORNL announce opportunity to define future of high-performance computing
Molecular simulations, supercomputing lead to energy-saving biomaterials breakthrough
Low-impact yoga and exercise found to help older women manage urinary incontinence
Genetic studies reveal new insights into cognitive impairment in schizophrenia
Researcher develops technology to provide cleaner energy and cleaner water
Expect the unexpected: nanoscale silver unveils intrinsic self-healing abilities
nTIDE September 2024 Jobs Report: Gains in employment for people with disabilities appear to level off after reducing gaps with non-disabled workers
Wiley enhances NMR Spectral Library Collection with extensive new databases
[Press-News.org] AI-based system to guide stroke treatment decisions may help prevent another strokeAmerican Stroke Association International Stroke Conference – Late-Breaking Science Presentation LB15