PRESS-NEWS.org - Press Release Distribution
PRESS RELEASES DISTRIBUTION

Toward unification of turbulence framework – weak-to-strong transition discovered in turbulence

2024-04-23
(Press-News.org) Turbulence is ubiquitous in nature. It exists everywhere, from our daily lives to the distant universe, while being labelled as “the last great unsolved problem of classical physics” by Richard Feynman. Prof. Dr. Huirong Yan and her group from the Institute of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Potsdam and DESY have now discovered a long-predicted phenomenon: the weak-to-strong transition in small amplitude space plasma turbulence. The discovery was made by analyzing data from ESA’s Cluster mission – a constellation of four spacecraft flying in formation around Earth and investigating how the Sun and the Earth interact.

The weak-to-strong transition in Alfvénic turbulence is the most critical, yet observationally unconfirmed, prediction of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence theory in the last three decades. It is exceptionally difficult because the three-dimensional sampling of turbulence fluctuations was not available yet. Therefore, the research team developed new multi-spacecraft analysis methods to obtain three-dimensional information on velocity and magnetic field fluctuations, allowing direct comparisons between observations and theory. “The observational confirmation of the weak-to-strong transition solves the last puzzle in MHD turbulence theory: It proves that the turbulence self-organizes from linear 2D wave-like fluctuations to strong 3D turbulence during the energy cascade (i.e., energy transfer across scales) with increasing  nonlinearity, regardless of the initial level of disturbances, highlighting the universality of strong MHD turbulence,” says Huirong Yan, professor for plasma astrophysics at the University of Potsdam and leading scientist at DESY.

As the result, those findings substantially deepen our knowledge of ubiquitous turbulence, and their implications extend beyond the study of turbulence itself to particle transport and acceleration, magnetic reconnection, star formation, and all other relevant physical processes from our Earth to remote universe.

Link to Publication: Siqi Zhao, Huirong Yan et al., 2024, Identification of the weak-to-strong transition in Alfvénic turbulence from space plasma, Nature Astronomy, https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-024-02249-0

Image: Cartoon of turbulence eddies in Earth’s magnetosheath from large to small scales, with increasing nonlinearity as indicated by the brightness. Image Credit: Siqi Zhao & Huirong Yan

Contact:
Prof. Dr. Huirong Yan, Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam (UP) and
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)
Tel.: +49 331 977 2178
E-Mail DESY: huirong.yan@desy.de
E-Mail UP: huirong.yan@uni-potsdam.de

Media Information 12-04-2024 / Nr. 023
Dr. Stefanie Mikulla

Universität Potsdam
Referat Presse- und Öffentlichkeitsarbeit
Am Neuen Palais 10
14469 Potsdam
Tel.: +49 331 977-1474
Fax: +49 331 977-1130
E-Mail: presse@uni-potsdam.de
Internet: www.uni-potsdam.de/presse

END


ELSE PRESS RELEASES FROM THIS DATE:

Innovative GREENSKY model elevates UAV efficiency in next-gen wireless networks

Innovative GREENSKY model elevates UAV efficiency in next-gen wireless networks
2024-04-23
Researchers from the University of Missouri-Kansas City, School of Computing and Engineering, and independent researchers have developed a groundbreaking model, dubbed GREENSKY, that significantly enhances the energy efficiency and operational time of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in cellular networks. In the ever-evolving landscape of wireless communication, UAVs play a pivotal role, especially in rural, remote, and disaster-struck areas where traditional network infrastructure is absent. ...

Majority of acute care hospitals do not admit representative proportion of Black Medicare patients in their local market

2024-04-23
A study analyzing a large sample of Medicare admissions at nearly 2,000 acute care hospitals nationwide during 2019 found that most hospitals—nearly four out of five—admitted a significantly different proportion of Black fee-for-service Medicare patients age 65 and older compared to the proportion of the same group of patients admitted to any hospital in that hospital’s market area.  The researchers say that understanding hospital choices within neighborhoods and markets could ...

Smoking cessation before laryngeal cancer treatment improves survival, retention of voice box, study shows

Smoking cessation before laryngeal cancer treatment improves survival, retention of voice box, study shows
2024-04-23
In a study of patients who smoked when they were diagnosed with laryngeal cancer, those who quit smoking before starting chemotherapy or radiation responded better to treatment, were less likely to need their voice boxes surgically removed, and lived significantly longer than those who continued to smoke. The research, from the University of Oklahoma, is published in the journal Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. The study’s lead author, Lurdes Queimado, M.D., Ph.D., said the findings underscore the importance of integrating tobacco cessation programs into treatment plans for cancer of the larynx, an area of the throat involved in breathing, swallowing ...

Major milestone reached for key weapons component

Major milestone reached for key weapons component
2024-04-23
ALBUQUERQUE, N.M. — Sandia National Laboratories and the Kansas City National Security Campus completed a crucial weapons component development milestone, prior to full rate production. The Mark 21 Replacement Fuze interfaces with the W87-0 warhead for deployment onto the Minuteman III and, eventually, the Sentinel Intercontinental Ballistic Missile. The first production unit of the replacement fuze was approved through the National Nuclear Security Administration’s rigorous Quality Assurance Inspection Procedure ...

PCORI announces $150 million in funding for new health research

PCORI announces $150 million in funding for new health research
2024-04-23
WASHINGTON, D.C. – The Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) today announced the approval of funding awards totaling more than $150 million to support new patient-centered comparative clinical effectiveness research (CER) studies, research to strengthen the rigor and quality of patient-centered CER and a project to implement the findings of PCORI-funded research into practice. Among the nine awards for patient-centered CER, two include support for large, two-phased trials comparing approaches to treatments for heart failure and asthma. Two other large studies will compare health system strategies to improve hypertension control, and another will evaluate ...

Infected: understanding the spread of behavior

2024-04-23
Human beings are likely to adopt the thoughts, beliefs, and behaviors of those around them.  Simple decisions like what local store is best to shop at to more complex ones like vaccinating a child are influenced by these behavior patterns and social discourse.  “We choose to be in networks, both offline and online, that are compatible with our own thinking,” explained Amin Rahimian, assistant professor of industrial engineering at the University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering. “The social contagion of behavior through networks can help ...

UNC-Chapel Hill researchers create artificial cells that act like living cells

UNC-Chapel Hill researchers create artificial cells that act like living cells
2024-04-23
In a new study published in Nature Chemistry, UNC-Chapel Hill researcher Ronit Freeman and her colleagues describe the steps they took to manipulate DNA and proteins — essential building blocks of life — to create cells that look and act like cells from the body. This accomplishment, a first in the field, has implications for efforts in regenerative medicine, drug delivery systems, and diagnostic tools. “With this discovery, we can think of engineering fabrics or tissues that can be sensitive to changes in their environment and behave in dynamic ways,” says Freeman, whose lab is in the Applied Physical Sciences Department of the UNC College ...

New research develops forest extent map for Mexico

2024-04-23
To properly protect forests and evaluate the state of natural resources, conservation practices and environmental policies, it is important to have accurate information on an area’s forest extent. One of the challenges facing researchers when it comes to evaluating the accuracy of forest extent, however, is that models use different remote sensing products that may have different definitions for what determines forest extent. In addition, on the ground surveys may sometimes come into conflict with what remote, satellite-based products are describing as forests.   To help quantify this problem, a group of researchers from ...

In the brain, bursts of beta rhythms implement cognitive control

In the brain, bursts of beta rhythms implement cognitive control
2024-04-23
The brain processes information on many scales. Individual cells electrochemically transmit signals in circuits but at the large scale required to produce cognition, millions of cells act in concert, driven by rhythmic signals at varying frequencies. Studying one frequency range in particular, beta rhythms between about 14-30 Hz, holds the key to understanding how the brain controls cognitive processes—or loses control in some disorders—a team of neuroscientists argues in a new review article. Drawing on experimental ...

New mitigation framework reduces bias in classification outcomes

New mitigation framework reduces bias in classification outcomes
2024-04-23
We use computers to help us make (hopefully) unbiased decisions. The problem is that machine-learning algorithms do not always make fair classifications, if human bias is embedded in the data used to train them — which is often the case in practice. To ease this "garbage in, garbage out" situation, a research team presented a flexible framework for mitigating bias in machine classification. Their research was published Apr. 8 in Intelligent Computing, a Science Partner Journal. Existing attempts to mitigate classification bias, according to the team, are often held back by their reliance on specific metrics of fairness and predetermined ...

LAST 30 PRESS RELEASES:

Keck Hospital of USC receives 10th “A” Leapfrog safety grade

Gabapentinoids unlikely to be directly linked to self-harm risk

No-touch vein harvesting has meaningful benefits for heart bypass patients

Single DNA mutation disrupts key tumour-suppressing pathways, elevating blood cancer risk

ChatGPT vs students

Semaglutide treats liver disease in two thirds of patients

Gene therapy restores immune function and extends lives of children with rare immune disorder

VCU-led research highlights semaglutide’s potential for treating fatty liver disease

Does your biological age affect your risk of dementia?

Research collaboration charts global four-stage evolution of inflammatory bowel disease

Ecological Society of America announces 2025 Fellows

Critically endangered axolotls bred in captivity appear able to survive release into both artificial and restored Mexican wetlands, but may need specific temperatures to thrive

Tunnel vision during planning can lead us to neglect negative consequences, but this cognitive bias can be addressed by simply prompting people to explicitly consider them

2.1 kids per woman might not be enough for population survival

New “hidden in plain sight” facial and eye biomarkers for tinnitus severity could unlock path to testing treatments

“Explainable” AI cracks secret language of sticky proteins

Setting, acute reaction and mental health history shape ayahuasca's longer-term psychological effects

National-Level Actions Effective at Tackling Antibiotic Resistance

Machine learning brings new insights to cell’s role in addiction, relapse

The duke mouse brain atlas will accelerate studies of neurological disorders

In VR school, fish teach robots

Every action counts: Global study shows countries can reverse increasing antibiotic resistance

Hiding in plain sight: Researchers uncover the prevalence of ‘curiosity’ virus

Fusion energy: ITER completes world’s largest and most powerful pulsed magnet system with major components built by USA, Russia, Europe, China

New study unlocks how root cells sense and adapt to soil

Landmark experiment sheds new light on the origins of consciousness

Nicotine pouch and e-cigarette use and co-use among U.S. youths

Wildfire smoke exposure and cause-specific hospitalization in older adults

Mechanism by which the brain weighs positive vs. negative social experience is revealed

Use of nicotine pouches increases significantly among US teens

[Press-News.org] Toward unification of turbulence framework – weak-to-strong transition discovered in turbulence