Survival benefit associated with participation in clinical trials of anticancer drugs

JAMA

2024-05-20

(Press-News.org) About The Study: Many studies suggest a survival benefit for cancer trial participants. However, these benefits were not detected in studies using designs addressing important sources of bias and confounding. Pooled results of high-quality studies are not consistent with a beneficial effect of trial participation on its own.

Quote from corresponding author Jonathan Kimmelman, Ph.D.:

“Many physicians, policymakers, patient advocates, and research sponsors believe patients have better outcomes when they participate in trials, even if they are in the comparator arm. Educational materials for patients often encourage patients to consider the better care they might receive in trials. As a member of various review committees, I hear this said all the time. Yet evidence of such a ‘participation effect’ is lacking.

“Many studies have looked at the ‘participation effect’ for patients with cancer. If you pool them altogether, it looks like cancer patients in trials do live longer than patients outside them. But if you restrict analysis to studies that control for various sources of confound (for example, the fact that trials tend to enroll younger and healthier patients) or bias (many studies of participation benefit are probably never published) those survival benefits disappear.

“Our findings provide reassurance that inability to enroll in a cancer trial doesn’t disadvantage a patient, at least in terms of survival. Our findings can help patients (and physicians) focus their consent discussions on the most relevant and evidence-based benefits of trial participation: the prospects of advancing the care of future patients.”

Contact information for Jonathan Kimmelman, Ph.D.: email jonathan.kimmelman@mcgill.ca.

To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/

(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.6281)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

# # #

Media advisory: This study is being released to coincide with presentation at the Society for Clinical Trials Annual Meeting.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.2024.6281?guestAccessKey=d9f07766-1e0a-40a7-b69b-c448469ffc17&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=052024

END

ELSE PRESS RELEASES FROM THIS DATE:

Expanding on the fundamental principles of liquid movement

2024-05-20

Fukuoka, Japan—From the rain drops rolling down your window, to the fluid running across a COVID rapid test, we cannot go a day without observing the world of fluid dynamics. Naturally, how liquids traverse across, and through, surfaces are a heavily researched subject, where new discoveries can have profound effects in the fields of energy conversion technology, electronics cooling, biosensors, and micro-/nano-fabrications. Now, using mathematical modeling and experimentation, researchers from Kyushu University’s Faculty of Engineering have expanded on a fundamental principle in fluid dynamics. Their new findings may ...

Chemical Insights Research Institute partners with Duke University and the East-West Center to examine dust and ash from devastating Hawai’ian wildfires

2024-05-20

ATLANTA - Chemical Insights Research Institute (CIRI) of UL Research Institutes applies cutting edge technologies to evaluate the toxicity of burn-impacted land areas affected by the August 2023 Lahaina wildfires. Created with CIRI research partners from Duke University and the East-West Center (EWC) in Hawai’i, the study known as Lahaina Environmental Assessment Project (LEAP), will collect and analyze residual dust, soil and ash samples from properties affected by the fires. These residues, including fine dust, ...

NCCN publishes new resource for patients with intestinal cancer type most have never heard of before diagnosis

2024-05-20

PLYMOUTH MEETING, PA [May 20, 2024] — The National Comprehensive Cancer Network® (NCCN®) today announced publication of new NCCN Guidelines for Patients®: Small Bowel Adenocarcinoma. This free resource for people facing cancer and caregivers is focused on a rare cancer type that typically occurs in the small intestine, where routine screening is impossible, even for high-risk individuals. The small amount of patient information that exists for this cancer type tends to combine it with other cancers of the small intestine (such as sarcomas, neuroendocrine tumors, or lymphomas) despite very different treatment approaches and results. The NCCN Guidelines for Patients: ...

Subduction zone splay faults compound hazards of great earthquakes

2024-05-20

Groundbreaking research has provided new insight into the tectonic plate shifts that create some of the Earth’s largest earthquakes and tsunamis. “This is the first study to employ coastal geology to reconstruct the rupture history of the splay fault system,” said Jessica DePaolis, postdoctoral fellow in Virginia Tech's Department of Geosciences. “These splay faults are closer to the coast, so these tsunamis will be faster to hit the coastline than a tsunami generated only from ...

Record low Antarctic sea ice ‘extremely unlikely’ without climate change

2024-05-20

In 2023, Antarctic sea ice reached historically low levels, with over 2 million square kilometres less ice than usual during winter – equivalent to about ten times the size of the UK. This drastic reduction followed decades of steady growth in sea ice up to 2015, making the sudden decline even more surprising. Using a large climate dataset called CMIP6, BAS researchers investigated this unprecedented sea ice loss. They analysed data from 18 different climate models to understand the probability of such a significant reduction in sea ice and its connection to climate change. Lead author Rachel Diamond explained that while 2023's extreme ...

After hundreds of years, study confirms Bermuda now home to cownose rays

2024-05-20

For hundreds of years, the whitespotted eagle ray (Aetobatus narinari) has been considered the only inshore stingray species in Bermuda, until now. Using citizen science, photographs, on-water observations and the combination of morphological and genetic data, researchers from Florida Atlantic University’s Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute and collaborators are the first to provide evidence that the Atlantic cownose ray (Rhinoptera bonasus) has recently made a new home in Bermuda. Because ...

Scientists uncover promising treatment target for resistant brain cancer

2024-05-20

For many patients with a deadly type of brain cancer called glioblastoma, chemotherapy resistance is a big problem. Current standard treatments, including surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy using the drug temozolomide, have limited effectiveness and have not significantly changed in the past five decades. Although temozolomide can initially slow tumor progression in some patients, typically the tumor cells rapidly become resistant to the drug. But now, Virginia Tech researchers with the Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC may ...

Revolutionizing cancer treatment by intracellular protein delivery using hybrid nanotubes

2024-05-20

In today's medical landscape, precision medicine and targeted therapies are gaining traction for their ability to tailor treatments to individual patients while minimizing adverse effects. Conventional methods, such as gene transfer techniques, show promise in delivering therapeutic genes directly to cells to address various diseases. However, these methods face significant drawbacks, hindering their efficacy and safety. Intracellular protein delivery offers a promising approach for developing safer, more targeted, and effective therapies. By directly transferring proteins into target cells, this method circumvents issues such as silencing ...

Chemist Julian West makes C&EN magazine’s ‘Talented 12’ list

2024-05-20

HOUSTON – (May 20, 2024) – Rice University chemist Julian West is one of a dozen up-and-coming young scientists featured in Chemical & Engineering News’ (C&EN) 2024 Talented 12, an annual issue of the weekly news magazine that highlights rising stars across all chemistry research disciplines. West, an assistant professor and the Norman Hackerman-Welch Young Investigator in Rice’s Department of Chemistry, is a synthetic chemist whose lab designs novel chemical reactions. Drawing inspiration from biology, West’s research group has found ways to simplify the production of entire libraries of feedstock chemicals ...

Robot-phobia could exasperate hotel, restaurant labor shortage

2024-05-20

VANCOUVER, Wash. – Using more robots to close labor gaps in the hospitality industry may backfire and cause more human workers to quit, according to a Washington State University study. The study, involving more than 620 lodging and food service employees, found that “robot-phobia” – specifically the fear that robots and technology will take human jobs – increased workers’ job insecurity and stress, leading to greater intentions to leave their jobs. The impact was more pronounced with employees who had ...

Long-term exposure to air pollution and a lack of green space increases the risk of hospitalization for respiratory conditions

Better cardiovascular health in early pregnancy may offset high genetic risk

Artificial intelligence method transforms gene mutation prediction in lung cancer: DeepGEM data releases at IASLC 2024 World Conference on Lung Cancer

Antibody–drug conjugate I-DXd shows clinically meaningful response in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer

Terasaki Institute awarded $2.3 Million grant from NIH for organ transplantation research using organs-on-a-chip technology

nTIDE September 2024 Jobs Report: Gains in employment for people with disabilities appear to level off after reducing gaps with non-disabled workers

Wiley enhances NMR Spectral Library Collection with extensive new databases

[Press-News.org] Survival benefit associated with participation in clinical trials of anticancer drugs
JAMA

Survival benefit associated with participation in clinical trials of anticancer drugs

ELSE PRESS RELEASES FROM THIS DATE:

LAST 30 PRESS RELEASES: