PRESS-NEWS.org - Press Release Distribution
PRESS RELEASES DISTRIBUTION

Upper surface of coastal waters can accumulate bacteria and antibiotics

2024-06-14
(Press-News.org) Atlanta, GA – June 14, 2024 – Antibiotics in the uppermost water surface, known as the sea surface microlayer, can significantly affect the number of bacteria present and contribute to the adaptation of marine bacteria against widely used antibiotics. In new research presented at ASM Microbe, scientists directly assessed the potential effects of antibiotics on bacterial diversity in Jade Bay, Southern North Sea, Germany.

The researchers tested the susceptibility and resistance of marine bacteria to ofloxacin, clindamycin, clarithromycin, and novobiocin since these antibiotics were generally found in this coastal water. They observed that 70% of marine bacteria had developed resistance to ofloxacin, 95% to clindamycin, 58% to clarithromycin, and 100% to novobiocin, which had the highest concentration in the environment. These findings highlight the urgency of antibiotic resistance in marine bacteria.

The study found more bacteria in seawater samples collected from the sea surface microlayer than in the water below, even when different amounts of the antibiotic ciprofloxacin were added to the samples. When the level of ciprofloxacin increased, the number of bacteria in seawater samples decreased. However, over time, the bacteria in seawater samples started to grow when there were high levels of ciprofloxacin (50 and 100 ng mL-1), which shows that they were becoming resistant.

In the presence of a high level of ciprofloxacin, the team found 97 strains of bacteria distributed over fourteen bacterial genera. Fifty-seven of these bacterial strains can cause infections in humans, especially those with weakened immune systems, while forty are marine bacteria that cannot infect humans. The team also found antibiotics— including ofloxacin, clindamycin, clarithromycin, lincomycin, tylosin, novobiocin, erythromycin, trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole, roxithromycin, and chloramphenicol —to be present in the seawater samples, particularly in those collected from the sea surface microlayer of Jade Bay. However, only a few were found in the water below.

“Our results emphasize the collective effort needed to reduce the potential ecological effects of introducing antibiotics into coastal waters because antibiotics may accumulate more in the sea surface microlayer, affect the bacteria diversity, and lead to the adaptation of marine bacteria to antibiotics,” said Adenike Adenaya, Doctoral Graduate at the Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg.

 

This joint effort, funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) as part of the Biogeochemical Processes and Air-Sea Exchange in the Sea Surface Microlayer (BASS) project 451574234, and the Catholic Academic Exchange Service (KAAD) underscores the importance of collective scientific efforts.

###

ASM Microbe is the annual meeting of the American Society for Microbiology, held June 13-17, 2024, in Atlanta, Georgia.

The American Society for Microbiology is one of the largest professional societies dedicated to the life sciences and is composed of 36,000 scientists and health practitioners. ASM's mission is to promote and advance the microbial sciences.

ASM advances the microbial sciences through conferences, publications, certifications, educational opportunities and advocacy efforts. It enhances laboratory capacity around the globe through training and resources. It provides a network for scientists in academia, industry and clinical settings. Additionally, ASM promotes a deeper understanding of the microbial sciences to diverse audiences.

END



ELSE PRESS RELEASES FROM THIS DATE:

AI enables faster, more effective antibiotic treatment of sepsis

2024-06-14
Atlanta, GA—Sepsis is a life-threatening infection complication and accounts for 1.7 million hospitalizations and 350,000 deaths annually in the U.S. Fast and accurate diagnosis is critical, as mortality risk increases up to 8% every hour without effective treatment. However, the current diagnostic standard is reliant on culture growth, which typically takes 2-3 days. Doctors may choose to administer broad-spectrum antibiotics until more information is available for an accurate diagnosis, but these can have limited efficacy and potential toxicity to the patient. In a study presented at ASM Microbe, a team from Day Zero Diagnostics unveiled a novel approach to antimicrobial susceptibility ...

Quantum entanglement measures Earth rotation

Quantum entanglement measures Earth rotation
2024-06-14
A team of researchers led by Philip Walther at the University of Vienna carried out a pioneering experiment where they measured the effect of the rotation of Earth on quantum entangled photons. The work, just published in Science Advances, represents a significant achievement that pushes the boundaries of rotation sensitivity in entanglement-based sensors, potentially setting the stage for further exploration at the intersection between quantum mechanics and general relativity. Optical Sagnac interferometers are the most sensitive devices to rotations. They have been pivotal in our understanding of fundamental physics since the early years of the last century, contributing to establish ...

New rapid detection of bacteria in pediatric blood samples

2024-06-14
Atlanta, Ga. – June 14, 2023 – Researchers have demonstrated that a new technology could quickly and accurately diagnose bloodstream infections. The study findings were reported at ASM Microbe, the annual meeting of the American Society for Microbiology. “There is a need to be able to rapidly and accurately diagnose bacteremia in newborn babies. They are especially susceptible to long-term morbidities and mortality the longer they go without treatment, or even with inaccurate treatment for bloodstream infections or sepsis,” said presenting study author April Aralar, Ph.D., a ...

Ex vivo gene editing and cell therapy for hereditary tyrosinemia type 1

2024-06-14
Background: We previously demonstrated the successful use of in vivo CRISPR gene editing to delete 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPD) to rescue mice deficient in fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (FAH), a disorder known as hereditary tyrosinemia type 1 (HT1). The aim of this study was to develop an ex vivo gene-editing protocol and apply it as a cell therapy for HT1. Methods: We isolated hepatocytes from wild-type (C57BL/6J) and Fah-/- mice and then used an optimized electroporation protocol to deliver Hpd-targeting CRISPR-Cas9 ribonucleoproteins into hepatocytes. Next, hepatocytes were transiently incubated in ...

Intranasal COVID-19 vaccine headed to clinical trials

Intranasal COVID-19 vaccine headed to clinical trials
2024-06-14
University of Georgia-based startup CyanVac LLC received federal funding to support a comparative Phase 2b clinical trial of CVXGA, the company’s intranasal vaccine candidates designed to protect against COVID-19. As part of the award from Project NextGen, a federal initiative based in the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), CyanVac will sponsor a randomized, double-blind Phase 2b study with 10,000 participants to compare the efficacy and safety of the intranasal vaccine against an FDA-approved mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccine. The new vaccine is based on a viral delivery platform developed by He containing modified ...

High out-of-pocket costs may be barrier to filling naloxone prescriptions, study shows

2024-06-14
Patients are less likely to fill prescriptions for naloxone when they face increases in out-of-pocket costs, according to U-M researchers. Patients are less likely to fill prescriptions for naloxone when they face increases in out-of-pocket costs, according to research by the University of Michigan. Published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, the study utilized data from a national pharmacy transactions database from November 2020 to March 2021. Researchers found that about 1 in 3 naloxone ...

Sharks have depleted functional diversity compared to the last 66 million years

2024-06-14
New research by Swansea University and the University of Zurich has found that sharks retained high levels of functional diversity for most of the last 66 million years, before steadily declining over the last 10 million years to its lowest value in the present day. Modern sharks are among the ocean’s most threatened species; yet have notably survived numerous environmental changes in their 250-million-year history. Today, their more than 500 species play many different ecological roles, from apex predators to nutrient transporters. Ecological roles are determined by species’ traits such as body size, ...

Fasting primes the immune system’s natural killer cells to better fight cancer, new study in mice finds

Fasting primes the immune system’s natural killer cells to better fight cancer, new study in mice finds
2024-06-14
Periods of fasting reprogram the immune system’s natural killer cells to better fight cancer, according to a new study in mice from researchers at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK). Fasting and other dietary regimens are increasingly being explored as ways to starve cancer cells of the nutrients they need to grow and to make cancer treatments more effective. Now a team of researchers from MSK’s Sloan Kettering Institute and their collaborators have shown for the ...

Are patient partners a necessity in research?

2024-06-14
Sjögren’s disease is a systemic autoimmune disorder that often causes sicca symptoms – or dryness of the eyes and mouth, alongside many other complications such as fatigue, pain, and neurological manifestations. There are treatments that help with symptoms, but none that address the underlying disease processes.3 One key issue in developing new treatments is that Sjögren’s can differ from person to person – and that makes it hard to measure and compare outcomes in a clinical trial.   NECESSITY is an interventional trial looking at new clinical endpoints in Sjögren’s disease. ...

Encouraging cooperation in inflammatory arthritis

2024-06-14
Inflammatory arthritis describes a group of diseases caused by an overactive immune system. The different types of inflammatory arthritis include rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis. The most common symptoms are joint pain and stiffness. Pain is the predominant symptom in the majority of people with inflammatory arthritis, which contributes to the global burden of rheumatic and musculoskeletal conditions.1 Knowledgeable support can reduce ...

LAST 30 PRESS RELEASES:

Scientists uncover immune cells that help prostate cancer resist treatment — and reveal a way to stop them

Cellulose instead of crude oil: team with participation of Graz University of Technology develops sustainable foams

New fossils from Earth’s most famous extinction show climate tipping point was crossed

AI predicts patients likely to die of sudden cardiac arrest

Double detonation: New image shows remains of star destroyed by pair of explosions

Gene therapy restored hearing in deaf patients

Survey finds Trump losing favor, Newsom gaining

Religion, politics and war drive urban wildlife evolution

Peeking inside AI brains: Machines learn like us

A map for single-atom catalysts

What about tritiated water release from Fukushima? Ocean model simulations provide an objective scientific knowledge on the long-term tritium distribution

Growing crisis of communicable disease in Canada in tandem with US cuts

Women get better at managing their anger as they age

Illegal shark product trade evident in Australia and New Zealand

New search tool brings 21% better accuracy for robotics developers

New model extracts sentence-level proof to verify events, boosting fact-checking accuracy for journalists, legal teams, and policymakers

Efficient carbon integration of CO₂ in propane aromatization over acidic zeolites

FPGA-accelerated AI for demultiplexing multimode fiber towards next-generation communications

Vitamin D3 nanoemulsion significantly improves core symptoms in children with autism: A clinical trial

Microfluidic point-of-care device accurately measures bilirubin in blood serum: A pilot study

Amygdalin shows strong binding and stabilizing effects on HER2 receptor: A computational study for breast cancer therapy

Bond behavior of FRP bars in concrete under reversed cyclic loading: an experimental study

Milky Way-like galaxy M83 consumes high-speed clouds

Study: What we learned from record-breaking 2021 heat wave and what we can expect in the future

Transforming treatment outcomes for people with OCD

Damage from smoke and respiratory viruses mitigated in mice via a common signaling pathway

New software tool could help better understand childhood cancer

Healthy lifestyle linked to lower diverticulitis risk, irrespective of genetic susceptibility

Women 65+ still at heightened risk of cervical cancer caused by HPV

‘Inflammatory’ diet during pregnancy may raise child’s diabetes type 1 risk

[Press-News.org] Upper surface of coastal waters can accumulate bacteria and antibiotics