(Press-News.org) This study is led by Dr. Shiwei Duan (Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China). His team analyzed literature on miRNA, summarizing the close relationship between these small molecules and cancer. miRNA is a type of non-coding RNA that does not encode proteins, but can target more than 60% of human protein-coding genes. They play crucial roles in cell growth, differentiation, development, and apoptosis, and their dysfunction is closely linked to numerous diseases. Almost all known cancer cells have the ability to control gene expression using miRNAs, making the impact of miRNAs particularly significant in cancer.
On the technological front of molecular mechanism research, RNA Sequencing Technology and CRISPR/Cas9 have enriched our understanding of miRNA mechanisms and functions. By analyzing relevant data and constructing tools and algorithms, as well as integrating multi-omics data, researchers are continuously driven to explore miRNA targets and mechanisms.
The molecular mechanisms of miRNA are complex and diverse, with interactions with ceRNAs (long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs), mRNA, RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), and other miRNAs. Beyond their roles inside cells, miRNAs can be secreted into the extracellular fluid and transported to target cells via vesicles. These extracellular miRNAs act as chemical messengers, mediating intercellular communication, thereby amplifying their impact on cancer.
miRNA offers a fresh perspective for cancer diagnosis. It is widely present in body fluids, and numerous studies have shown that its expression is correlated with the occurrence and progression of cancer. Therefore, it is an ideal biomarker with broad applications in cancer detection, prognosis, and disease monitoring.
miRNA is also a therapeutic molecule with broad prospects. In past cancer treatment research related to miRNA, the development of miRNA Mimics and Inhibitors emerged first, followed by the integration of Nanoparticle-Based miRNA Therapy Delivery Systems to improve target specificity, thereby enhancing therapeutic efficacy. CAR-T, as a natural carrier, has been deeply explored by miRNA drug developers.
Drug resistance poses a major challenge in cancer treatment, with research indicating that miRNA is crucial in cancer cells' resistance mechanisms. Intervention strategies targeting drug-resistant miRNAs are becoming a hot topic in emerging research. By integrating the latest technological approaches, such as novel forms of cell death, drug repurposing, combination therapies, recombinant RNA technology, and multivalent RNA nanoparticles, there is hope for new solutions to overcome drug resistance. The continuous emergence of new technologies and interdisciplinary integration is constantly promoting the expansion of miRNA applications.
See the article:
miRNA Interplay: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Interventions in Cancer
https://doi.org/10.1002/mog2.93
END
Infrared imaging technology is crucial for advancing our understanding of the world, from exploring biological specimens to inspecting complex materials and detecting hidden patterns in physical systems. Infrared light can penetrate fog and smoke, making it invaluable for search and rescue, firefighting, and sensitive operations. Additionally, infrared imaging can enable visualising the heat emitted by objects, making it a powerful tool for night vision and security applications. While infrared cameras are valuable tools for enhanced ...
While people are growing more accustomed to AI-driven personal assistants, customer service chatbots and even financial advisors, when it comes to healthcare, most still want it with a human touch.
Given that receiving healthcare is a deeply personal experience, it’s understandable that patients prefer it to come from, well, a person. But with AI’s vast potential to increase the quality, efficacy and efficiency of medicine, a push toward greater acceptance of artificial intelligence-driven medicine could unlock benefits ...
The Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology (OIST) and the Danish software company Partisia have signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) to strengthen their research ties.
The primary objective of this collaboration is to advance research in Multi-Party Computation (MPC), focusing on developing innovative Privacy-Enhancing Technology solutions. By leveraging their combined knowledge and expertise, OIST and Partisia aim to deliver a global perspective on secure computation, quantum-safe cryptography, and cyber security.
OIST will contribute to the collaboration with its in-house expertise and ...
A recent study using automatic wildlife cameras across three continents has shed light on how the moon's phases affect the behaviour of tropical forest mammals. Half of the species studied altered their activity levels or timing, or both, in response to the full moon. The findings suggest that even in some of the darkest places on earth - the floors of tropical forests - the moon's phases can influence animal behaviour. This impact could be even more pronounced in degraded and fragmented forests.
“Imagine playing hide-and-seek in a dark room, and then somebody lights ...
Indoor vertical gardens are gaining popularity among homeowners and restaurants, allowing them to grow microgreens year-round, but new research has identified a major drawback: their demands on energy.
A study by researchers from the Marche Polytechnic University and University of South Australia shows that while domestic vertical garden appliances can provide fresh, local produce under controlled conditions and with zero food miles, they do chew up energy.
Artificial lighting – essential for plant growth – accounted for more than 50% of the total energy costs in growing a crop of red lettuce, which is five times higher than professional ...
Around 40% of postmenopausal hormone positive breast cancer cases may be linked to excess body fat, suggests Spanish research published online in the Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health.
This proportion is significantly higher than 1 in 10 such cases currently attributed to excess weight, using the widely used measure of body mass index (BMI), and indicates that the real impact of obesity on breast cancer risk has likely been underestimated, say the researchers.
BMI isn’t necessarily a very accurate measure of body fat, particularly in older women, because it doesn’t account for age, sex, or ethnicity, they point out.
They therefore ...
There is no evidence for the commonly held belief that nut allergens can be spread through aircraft ventilation systems, say allergy and aviation medicine specialists in an evidence review published in the Archives of Disease in Childhood.
Allergen residues on surfaces, such as tray tables, and seat-back video screens, pose the main risk—a risk that is likely heightened by the fast turnaround times deployed by many low-cost carriers, they suggest.
And allergic reactions to foods are around 10 to 100 times less common during flights than they are ‘on the ground,’ they point out, although this could be due to passengers with food allergies ...
Published in Molecular Psychiatry, this is the first study to suggest that the use of high potency cannabis leaves a distinct mark on DNA, providing valuable insights into the biological impact of cannabis use. High potency cannabis is defined as having Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) content of 10 per cent or more.
The research also showed the effect of cannabis use on DNA is different in people experiencing their first episode of psychosis compared to users who have never experienced psychosis, ...
Teleoperated robots for gathering moon dust are a step closer, according to new research by scientists at the University of Bristol.
The team were able to complete a sample collection task by controlling a virtual simulation, which then sent commands to a physical robot to mirror the simulation’s actions. They were able to do so while only monitoring the simulation - without needing physical camera streams - meaning this tool could be particularly useful for delayed teleoperation on the Moon.
Alongside a boom in lunar lander missions ...
A new world record in wireless transmission, promising faster and more reliable wireless communications, has been set by researchers from UCL.
The team successfully sent data over the air at a speed of 938 Gigabits per second (Gb/s) over a record frequency range of 5-150 Gigahertz (GHz).
This speed is up to 9,380 times faster than the best average 5G download speed in the UK, which is currently 100 Megabits per second (Mb/s) or over1. The total bandwidth of 145GHz is more than five times higher than the previous wireless transmission world record.
Typically, wireless networks transmit information using radio waves over ...
