PRESS-NEWS.org - Press Release Distribution
PRESS RELEASES DISTRIBUTION

Risk it or kick it? Study analyzes NFL coaches’ risk tolerance on fourth down

BYU study reveals how NFL coaches, including Super Bowl contenders Andy Reid and Nick Sirianni, weigh risk on fourth down.

Risk it or kick it? Study analyzes NFL coaches’ risk tolerance on fourth down
2025-02-06
(Press-News.org) During the Super Bowl, every decision matters. With millions of fans watching, the game often comes down to a single play call. And no call is more scrutinized than what a coach decides to do on fourth down. Punt? Attempt a field goal? Or go for it?

A new BYU study explains why NFL coaches, including Super Bowl contenders Andy Reid (Kansas City Chiefs) and Nick Sirianni (Philadelphia Eagles), may behave too conservatively on fourth down. Despite growing acceptance of analytics-driven decision-making, most coaches, including these two, are more cautious than the numbers suggest they should be.

The study, recently published in the Annals of Applied Statistics, was conducted by BYU statistics professor Nate Sandholtz. He used an inverse optimization approach to assess the risk tolerance of NFL coaches based on their fourth-down decisions. Instead of trying to determine what coaches should do on fourth-down, this approach flipped the script. Researchers assumed that the coaches' actual decisions are the optimal answers—but that the problem the coaches were trying to solve is unknown. Sandholtz and his co-authors constructed a decision-making problem that, when solved, replicates what the coaches did.

By doing so, researchers learned about the hidden risk preferences that drove the coaches’ behavior. The findings indicate that coaches tend to make riskier fourth-down decisions when the ball is in opponent territory, but they still fall short of what win probability models recommend.

Sandholtz also ranked each NFL coach on how risky their fourth down calls usually are. According to the research, Sirianni demonstrated a higher risk tolerance than Reid. Out of the 85 NFL coaches analyzed, Sirianni was the sixth riskiest. So, in Sunday’s game, football fans can probably expect him to go for it on fourth down. Reid, on the other hand, tends to be more conservative and falls in the middle of the pack when it comes to taking risks on fourth downs.

The research reveals that while coaches have become more aggressive over time, they’re still more conservative than win probability estimates suggest. This means that some coaches are likely leaving points on the field.

Of course, coaches don’t make decisions like statistical models do. While a statistical model might spit out a ‘perfect’ fourth down call that is optimized for win probability, an NFL coach on the sideline of an intense game has a lot more to consider.

“Coaches think about factors beyond just the win or loss of a game,” Sandholtz said. “Reputation, personal experience, and their perception in the eyes of owners, managers and fans all factor into their coaching decisions. Our model accounts for these factors through coach-specific risk parameters.”

NFL coaches are not risk-neutral in their decision-making, which explains the discrepancy between analysts’ prescriptions and coaches’ behavior.

The study also highlights how risk tolerance varies depending on field position. Coaches tend to be more conservative on their own side of the 50 but show more willingness to go for it as they get closer to scoring territory.

So, what does this mean ahead of Super Bowl LIX on Sunday? Sandholtz says given Reid’s and Sirianni’s track records, fans can expect both coaches to take calculated risks. In a game that could be decided by a single possession, the decision to keep the offense on the field or send out the special teams unit might just be the difference between hoisting the Lombardi Trophy or going home empty-handed.

Reid’s connection to BYU makes his fourth-down philosophy particularly relevant to Cougar fans. A former BYU offensive lineman and graduate assistant coach, Reid has carried his strategic mindset from Provo to NFL sidelines. Known for his innovative offensive schemes, Reid leads the Chiefs in the pursuit of a Super Bowl three-peat.

“In general, NFL coaches are trending towards the optimal behavior that we estimate in statistical models.” Sandholtz said. “It'll be interesting to see if the risk tolerances we estimated for Reid and Sirianni play out in Sunday’s game.”

END

[Attachments] See images for this press release:
Risk it or kick it? Study analyzes NFL coaches’ risk tolerance on fourth down Risk it or kick it? Study analyzes NFL coaches’ risk tolerance on fourth down 2

ELSE PRESS RELEASES FROM THIS DATE:

UC3M patents a new design for a soft robotic joint that is more adaptable and robust

UC3M patents a new design for a soft robotic joint that is more adaptable and robust
2025-02-06
Researchers at Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M) have developed a new soft joint model for robots with an asymmetrical triangular structure and an extremely thin central column. This breakthrough, recently patented, allows for versatility of movement, adaptability and safety, and will have a major impact in the field of robotics. “The main feature of this new design is that it allows greater bending angles to be achieved with less force, providing the robots with great versatility and adaptability of movement,” explains Concha Monje, professor in the UC3M Department ...

Nutrition labels meant to promote healthy eating could discourage purchases

Nutrition labels meant to promote healthy eating could discourage purchases
2025-02-06
Some food labels designed to nudge Americans toward healthier food choices can have the opposite effect, new University of Florida research shows. The study is particularly compelling because it comes as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration weighs whether to require front-of-package food labels. Through a newly proposed rule, the agency introduced labels highlighting saturated fat, sodium and added sugar. Each value on the labels, a percent of the recommended daily value, corresponds to one of three levels: low, medium and high. The UF/IFAS study, published in the journal Food Policy, examined front-of-package labels professing the contents inside as “healthy.” ...

A new way to detect inflammation

A new way to detect inflammation
2025-02-06
CLEVELAND—Nearly every disease has an inflammatory component, but blood tests can’t pinpoint inflammation in specific organs or tissues in the human body. Now researchers at Case Western Reserve University have developed a method to detect inflammation using antibodies, potentially leading to blood tests for disease-specific biomarkers such as for heart disease, Alzheimer’s disease and various cancers. Their breakthrough also holds promise for drug discovery. “This research opens up an amazing number of pathways ...

Crohn's & Colitis Congress® spotlights key IBD research findings

2025-02-06
San Francisco, CA (Feb. 5, 2025) – The Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation and the American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) are excited to host the annual Crohn’s & Colitis Congress®, taking place Feb. 6-8, in San Francisco, CA. This premier event will showcase cutting-edge research, innovative technologies, and advanced patient care strategies set to transform the lives of one in 100 Americans living with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.  Below ...

Vanilla farmers search for a crop and conservation sweet spot

Vanilla farmers search for a crop and conservation sweet spot
2025-02-06
Vanilla is vital to the livelihoods of farmers in Madagascar, where the globally popular dessert ingredient is the country’s No. 1 export. A fun, thought-provoking game designed by a team of scientists and played by Malagasy vanilla farmers reveals the challenges of payment programs that incentivize forest conservation in the region, according to a study led by the University of California, Davis. The study, published in the February issue of the journal Biological Conservation, found that even amid volatile markets and climate uncertainties, farmers highly value their vanilla crops, which are tied ...

Global “sisterhood” seeks to understand what makes a healthy vaginal microbiome

Global “sisterhood” seeks to understand what makes a healthy vaginal microbiome
2025-02-06
Vaginas host a complex microcosm of bacteria and yeasts that can fluctuate over time. However, little is known about these microbial communities and their roles in a person’s health, and 9 out of 10 studies only include participants from one continent, resulting in major geographical gaps in data. In a paper publishing February 6 in the Cell Press journal Trends in Microbiology, scientists share insights gleaned from a “sisterhood” of thousands of citizen scientists and demonstrate how international collaboration can help illuminate the gaps in our knowledge about the vaginal microbiome, including which bacteria are helpful ...

Announcing the winners of the 5th annual Rising Black Scientists Awards

Announcing the winners of the 5th annual Rising Black Scientists Awards
2025-02-06
Four early-career scientists share how they’ve harnessed features of their lives—from music to AI technology—to inspire their career and uplift communities. Each winner receives $10,000 for their science with essays published in the journal Cell Cell Press, Cell Signaling Technology (CST), and the Elsevier Foundation are proud to announce the winners of the 5th annual Rising Black Scientists Awards: Jheannelle Johnson of Stanford University; Victor Ekuta, MD, of the Morehouse School of Medicine; Kenna Gloria Agbugba of Philander Smith ...

Food: Cracking the method for the ‘perfect’ boiled egg

2025-02-06
A new method pioneered to optimally cook both the yolk and white (or albumen) of a boiled chicken egg has been published in Communications Engineering. The approach, which the authors call periodic cooking, yields an evenly-cooked egg with a higher nutritional content than shell-on eggs cooked by conventional boiling or sous vide methods. The yolk and white in chicken eggs cook at two different temperatures: the albumen cooks at 85 degrees Celsius, while the yolk cooks at 65 degrees Celsius. Conventional methods for cooking ...

Cannabis use disorder emergency department visits and hospitalizations and 5-year mortality

2025-02-06
About The Study: In this cohort study of all residents of Ontario, Canada, individuals with incident hospital-based cannabis use disorder care were at markedly increased risk of death compared with the general population. These findings suggest important clinical and policy implications, given global trends toward cannabis legalization and market commercialization accompanied by increasing cannabis use and cannabis use disorders.  Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Daniel ...

COVID-19 pandemic and rates of common ophthalmic procedures among Medicare beneficiaries

2025-02-06
About The Study: The results of this study show that the COVID-19 pandemic caused a notable drop in the number of common ophthalmic procedures among Medicare beneficiaries, especially in laser peripheral iridotomy, while eye drug injections saw minimal changes. The Northeast experienced the largest reductions, highlighting the pandemic’s association with changes in eye care and indicating a need for focused recovery efforts in the hardest hit areas.  Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Jessica D. Randolph, MD, email jessica.randolph@vcuhealth.org. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ (doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.6065) Editor’s ...

LAST 30 PRESS RELEASES:

Brain stimulation can boost math learning in people with weaker neural connections

Inhibiting enzyme could halt cell death in Parkinson’s disease, study finds

Neurotechnology reverses biological disadvantage in maths learning

UNDER EMBARGO: Neurotechnology reverses biological disadvantage in maths learning

Scientists target ‘molecular machine’ in the war against antimicrobial resistance

Extending classical CNOP method for deep-learning atmospheric and oceanic forecasting

Aston University research: Parents should encourage structure and independence around food to support children’s healthy eating

Thunderstorms are a major driver of tree death in tropical forests

Danforth Plant Science Center adds two new faculty members

Robotic eyes mimic human vision for superfast response to extreme lighting

Racial inequities and access to COVID-19 treatment

Residential segregation and lung cancer risk in African American adults

Scientists wipe out aggressive brain cancer tumors by targeting cellular ‘motors’

Capturability distinction analysis of continuous and pulsed guidance laws

CHEST expands Bridging Specialties Initiative to include NTM disease and bronchiectasis on World Bronchiectasis Day

Exposure to air pollution may cause heart damage

SwRI, UTSA selected by NASA to test electrolyzer technology aboard parabolic flight

Prebiotics might be a factor in preventing or treating issues caused by low brain GABA

Youngest in class at higher risk of mental health problems

American Heart Association announces new volunteer leaders for 2025-26

Gut microbiota analysis can help catch gestational diabetes

FAU’s Paulina DeVito awarded prestigious NSF Graduate Research Fellowship

Champions for change – Paid time off initiative just made clinical trials participation easier

Fentanyl detection through packaging

Prof. Eran Meshorer elected to EMBO for pioneering work in epigenetics

New 3D glacier visualizations provide insights into a hotter Earth

Creativity across disciplines

Consequences of low Antarctic sea ice

Hear here: How loudness and acoustic cues help us judge where a speaker is facing

A unique method of rare-earth recycling can strengthen the raw material independence of Europe and America

[Press-News.org] Risk it or kick it? Study analyzes NFL coaches’ risk tolerance on fourth down
BYU study reveals how NFL coaches, including Super Bowl contenders Andy Reid and Nick Sirianni, weigh risk on fourth down.