Cancer antigen 125 levels at time of ovarian cancer diagnosis by race and ethnicity

JAMA Network Open

2025-03-20

(Press-News.org) About The Study: In this cohort study of patients with ovarian cancer, American Indian and Black patients were 23% less likely to have an elevated cancer antigen (CA)-125 level at diagnosis. Current CA-125 thresholds may miss racially and ethnically diverse patients with ovarian cancer. International guidelines use CA-125 thresholds to recommend which patients with pelvic masses should undergo evaluation by gynecologic oncologists for ovarian cancer. However, CA-125 thresholds were developed from white populations. Work is needed to develop inclusive CA-125 thresholds and diagnostic guidelines and not compound disparities in ovarian cancer diagnosis and treatment.

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Anna Jo Bodurtha Smith, MD, MPH, email annajo.smith@pennmedicine.upenn.edu.

To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.1292)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

# # #

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.1292?guestAccessKey=c0957767-f5eb-4d6d-88a4-15c747418b57&utm_source=for_the_media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=032025

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

END

ELSE PRESS RELEASES FROM THIS DATE:

Prevalence and severity of astigmatism in children after COVID-19

2025-03-20

About The Study: In this study, lifestyle changes after the pandemic were associated with an increase in the prevalence and severity of child astigmatisms, likely associated with changes in the developing cornea. The potential impact of higher degrees of astigmatism may warrant dedicated efforts to elucidate the relationship between environmental and/or lifestyle factors, as well as the pathophysiology of astigmatism. Corresponding Authors: To contact the corresponding authors, email Jason C. Yam, MD (yamcheuksing@cuhk.edu.hk) and Li ...

Study: new guidelines expanded access to lung cancer screening, but gaps remain in reaching rural and uninsured populations

2025-03-20

MIAMI, FLORIDA (STRICTLY EMBARGOED UNTIL MARCH 20, 2025, AT 11 A.M. EDT) – Since 2021, when lung cancer screening guidelines began to include younger people and those with a lower smoking history, the number of screenings climbed, but significant gaps remain, especially among people with limited access to healthcare, according to a new study led by researchers at Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, part of the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine. "The updated guidelines substantially increased lung cancer screenings overall, even as ...

Analysis of new colorectal cancer immunotherapy shows more treatment options

2025-03-20

A team of researchers from Cleveland Clinic Genomic Medicine share insights from an early set of 19,000 patients to receive immune checkpoint inhibitor treatments for colorectal cancer in the U.S. The report comes from the laboratory of Stephanie Schmit, PhD, MPH, and was published in JAMA Network Open. It serves as an opportunity to better understand how immune checkpoint inhibitor treatments, including PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors, work in a larger population that reflects real-world settings. Dr. Schmit collaborated with a team of ...

Scientists use cellular programming to mimic first days of embryonic development

2025-03-20

The earliest days after fertilization, once a sperm cell meets an egg, are shrouded in scientific mystery. The process of how a humble single cell becomes an organism fascinates scientists across disciplines. For some animals, the entire process of cellular multiplication, generation of specialized cells, and their organization into an ordered multicellular embryo takes place in the protective environment of the uterus, making direct observation and studies challenging. This makes it difficult for scientists to understand what can go wrong during that process, and how specific risk factors and the surrounding environment may prevent ...

Potential targeted therapy for pediatric brain cancer identified by Dana-Farber team

2025-03-20

Boston – An international team of clinical collaborators, led by physician scientists from Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, performed a first-ever clinical test of the targeted therapy avapritinib in pediatric and young patients with a form of high-grade glioma. They found that the drug, already FDA-approved for certain adult cancers, was generally safe and resulted in tumor reduction visible on brain scans, as well as clinical improvement, in 3 out of 7 patients. The study was published in Cancer Cell. Pediatric-type high-grade gliomas are currently incurable brain tumors with median survival times less than 18 months after initial diagnosis. Avapritinib ...

Self-assembled vesicles containing podophyllotoxin covalently modified with polyoxometalates for antitumor therapy

2025-03-20

POMs are a class of inorganic metal-oxygen cluster compounds with broad-spectrum antitumor potential. However, their strong hydrophilicity and poor lipophilicity result in insufficient cell membrane permeability, and high doses are required to achieve therapeutic effects, which severely limits their clinical application. To address this challenge, the research team proposes a covalent modification strategy: the construction of an amphipathic drug molecule PPT-POM-PPT by linking the hydrophobic anti-tumor drug Podophyllotoxin (PPT) with hydrophilic POMs. This molecule ...

Circadian rhythms in tumor regulation: Impacts on tumor progression and the immune microenvironment

2025-03-20

Circadian rhythms are endogenous time-keeping mechanisms that regulate physiological processes in response to external light-dark cycles. These rhythms are orchestrated by the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in the hypothalamus and involve a network of genes, including CLOCK and BMAL1, that influence metabolism, immune responses, and cell proliferation. Recent research has highlighted the crucial role of circadian rhythms in tumor biology, demonstrating that their dysregulation contributes to tumorigenesis, progression, and metastasis. Additionally, circadian rhythms influence the tumor immune microenvironment and the ...

The emerging role of flavonoids in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: regulating the enteroendocrine system

2025-03-20

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder with a rapidly increasing global prevalence. It is primarily characterized by insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction, and impaired glucose homeostasis. Emerging research suggests that flavonoids, a diverse group of plant-derived polyphenols, may offer therapeutic potential in managing T2DM. These compounds exert antidiabetic effects through multiple mechanisms, including improving insulin sensitivity, enhancing β-cell function, modulating ...

Improving patient experience for the millions who visit an ED annually

2025-03-20

INDIANAPOLIS -- A large scale study by researchers from the Regenstrief Institute and the Indiana University School of Medicine has found that patient pain upon arrival to the Emergency Department (ED) as well as the use of hallway beds and radiology studies in the ED are associated with patient experience, although not in the same ways. The study’s tens of thousands of observations including clinical and operational data revealed that regardless of how promptly or successfully pain was treated in the ED, the amount of pain the patient was in when they arrived was associated with patient experience ...

Recycled cements drive down emissions without slacking on strength

2025-03-20

Giving a second life to construction materials after demolition, engineers at the University of São Paulo and Princeton have developed an approach for recycling cement waste into a sustainable, low-carbon alternative that is comparable in performance to the industry standard. In addition to lowering the carbon intensity of the cement and concrete industry, the process could enable new uses for construction and demolition waste, of which concrete is a significant component. In 2018 in the United States, the total ...

LAST 30 PRESS RELEASES:

Study unexpectedly finds living in rural, rather than urban environments in first five years of life could be a risk factor for developing type 1 diabetes