PRESS-NEWS.org - Press Release Distribution
PRESS RELEASES DISTRIBUTION

CD4+ T cell-mediated immune drift in biologic treatment of inflammatory skin diseases

2025-07-28
(Press-News.org) Immune-inflammatory skin diseases (e.g., psoriasis, atopic dermatitis) involve dysregulation of CD4+ T-cell subsets (Th1/Th2/Th17/Treg) and cytokine networks (IL-17/IL-23/IL-4). Biologics targeting specific pathways—TNF-α, IL-17, IL-12/23, IL-4/13, PD-1/PD-L1—revolutionize treatment but trigger immune drift, shifting CD4+ T-cell polarization and causing adverse skin reactions. This review synthesizes mechanisms, clinical manifestations, and management strategies.

Mechanisms of Immune Drift by Biologic Class (Summarized in Table 1)

1. TNF-α Inhibitors (Etanercept, Infliximab, Adalimumab)

Mechanism: Blocking Th1 pathway → Loss of Th1-mediated suppression of Th2 → Th2 dominance.

Clinical Manifestations: Eczema-like lesions (2–20% incidence in non-dermatologic diseases; 1–6% in psoriasis).

Evidence: Elevated IL-5/IL-13 in lesions; exacerbated atopic dermatitis in Crohn’s disease patients.

2. IL-17 Inhibitors (Secukinumab, Ixekizumab)

Mechanism:

Suppression of Th17 → Th2/Th22 imbalance (elevated IL-22).

Reduced antimicrobial peptides → Staphylococcus aureus colonization → Barrier disruption.

Overexpression of IL-17C (linked to Th2 inflammation).

Clinical Manifestations: Eczema (2.2–12.1%), bullous pemphigoid (Th2-driven).

3. IL-12/23 Inhibitors (Ustekinumab, Guselkumab)

Mechanism: Blocking p40 subunit → Impaired Th1/Th17 differentiation → Compensatory Th2 activation.

Clinical Manifestations: Atopic dermatitis flare (especially in patients with history of atopy/elevated IgE).

4. IL-4/13 Inhibitors (Dupilumab)

Mechanism: Blocking IL-4Rα → Suppressed Th2 → Unchecked Th1/Th17 expansion.

Clinical Manifestations: Psoriasiform lesions (3–5%), polymyalgia rheumatica (Th17-mediated), ulcerative colitis (Th1-driven).

5. PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors

Mechanism:

T-cell activation → IFN-γ release → Epidermal dyshomeostasis.

Shift from M2 to M1 macrophages → TNF-α/IL-12 release → Th17 expansion.

Clinical Manifestations: Psoriasiform eruptions (high prevalence in cancer patients).

Clinical Management of Immune Drift Risk Identification

High-risk patients: History of atopy, asthma, psoriasis, or elevated serum IgE.

Monitoring: Regular assessment of cytokine profiles (e.g., Th2 cytokines for TNF-α inhibitor users).

Therapeutic Strategies

Mild Reactions: Topical glucocorticoids or antimicrobial ointments.

Persistent Reactions:

Biologic suspension/switching (e.g., dupilumab for IL-17-induced eczema).

Immunomodulators: Methotrexate, cyclosporine.

Phototherapy for psoriasiform lesions.

Emerging Approaches:

Natural Compounds: Curcumin/resveratrol activate aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), restoring barrier function and suppressing Th2 cytokines.

Nanotechnology: Epidermal-targeted carriers enhance drug delivery, minimizing systemic immune drift.

Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRGF): Anti-inflammatory modulation in atopic dermatitis/psoriasis.

Limitations and Future Directions Knowledge Gaps: Non-classical pathways (e.g., Th9, Th22) underexplored.

Precision Medicine Goals:

Biomarker development (e.g., IgE, cytokine panels) for risk stratification.

Dual-target biologics to prevent compensatory pathway activation.

Dynamic immune monitoring via liquid biopsies.

Conclusion Skin adverse reactions due to immune drift not only exacerbate patient suffering and increase treatment costs but also place pressure on social healthcare resources and economic productivity. The underlying mechanisms may involve immune imbalances between Th1/Th2 cells, as well as imbalances between IL-17 isoforms, decreased expression of antimicrobial peptides leading to Staphylococcus aureus infections, and disruption of the skin barrier function, among other factors. By reviewing these phenomena and revealing the dual effects of biologic therapies, we can provide a theoretical basis for optimizing treatment strategies and strengthening risk management in the future through mechanism-based research. In the future, interdisciplinary cooperation will be essential to promote the development of safer immunotherapies. It is expected to achieve the therapeutic goal of “maximizing efficacy and minimizing toxicity” and to reshape the landscape of immunotherapy.

 

Full text:

https://www.xiahepublishing.com/2835-6357/FIM-2024-00057

 

The study was recently published in the Future Integrative Medicine.

Future Integrative Medicine (FIM) is the official scientific journal of the Capital Medical University. It is a prominent new journal that promotes future innovation in medicine.It publishes both basic and clinical research, including but not limited to randomized controlled trials, intervention studies, cohort studies, observational studies, qualitative and mixed method studies, animal studies, and systematic reviews.

 

Follow us on X: @xiahepublishing

Follow us on LinkedIn:  Xia & He Publishing Inc.

END



ELSE PRESS RELEASES FROM THIS DATE:

Spotlight on technology to protect older Australians from respiratory infections

2025-07-28
Simple technology that harnesses ultraviolet light to ‘zap’ airborne viruses has been shown to significantly lower the number of respiratory infections in aged care facilities, paving the way for smarter infection control. Adapted by scientists from Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute  (FHMRI) and SAHMRI, the technology is based on using germicidal ultraviolet (GUV) appliances which purify the air with UV-C light rays and deactivate harmful micro-organisms like viruses and bacteria. The new study published in JAMA Internal Medicine trialled commercially-available GUV appliances in aged care facilities ...

There’s something in the air

2025-07-28
Researchers at the University of Tokyo explored how female body odor can influence behaviors in men. They found certain scent compounds in female body odor increased during ovulation and can subtly influence how men feel. When these scents were added to armpit odor samples, men rated them as more pleasant and faces associated with the samples as more attractive. The scents also seemed to reduce stress. The team states this is not evidence of pheromones in humans, but that smell might subtly shape how we people interact. While they’re a common staple of pop culture, especially in romantic comedies, pheromones, behavior-altering ...

New insights could help phages defeat antibiotic resistant bacteria

2025-07-28
UNDER EMBARGO UNTIL 16:00 UK TIME (11:00 AM ET) ON MONDAY 28 JULY 2025 New insights could help phages defeat antibiotic resistant bacteria Researchers at the University of Southampton have worked out how bacteria defend themselves against viruses called phages and the new insights could be key to tackling antibiotic resistance. Phages are seen as a promising alternative treatment to antibiotics. Unpicking how bacteria protect themselves, and how phages might overcome these defences, could be a significant step in defeating antibiotic resistant bacteria. Phages, ...

New system dramatically speeds the search for polymer materials

2025-07-28
Cambridge, MA – Scientists often seek new materials derived from polymers. Rather than starting a polymer search from scratch, they save time and money by blending existing polymers to achieve desired properties. But identifying the best blend is a thorny problem. Not only is there a practically limitless number of potential combinations, but polymers interact in complex ways, so the properties of a new blend are challenging to predict. To accelerate the discovery of new materials, MIT researchers ...

Safety of JN.1-updated mRNA COVID-19 vaccines

2025-07-28
About The Study: In this nationwide cohort study, no increased risk of 29 adverse events was observed after vaccination with the updated COVID-19 mRNA vaccine containing the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron JN.1 lineage in approximately 1 million adults.  Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Niklas Worm Andersson, MD, PhD, email nian@ssi.dk. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ (doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.23557) Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, ...

Type 2 diabetes and financial outcomes

2025-07-28
About The Study: The findings of this study suggest that patients with type 2 diabetes may experience substantially more adverse financial outcomes compared with patients without diabetes, highlighting the need to consider patient financial health when treating type 2 diabetes, particularly for patient groups at higher risk.  Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Cazilia Loibl, PhD, CFP, email loibl.3@osu.edu. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ (doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.23453) Editor’s ...

A financial toll on patients with type 2 diabetes

2025-07-28
Embargoed until 11 a.m. ET, July 28, 2025   In a first-of-its-kind study, researchers used a unique dataset to show that patients with type 2 diabetes have significantly worse financial outcomes than other patients.   Findings showed diabetes patients fared worse on all seven financial outcomes studied, including below-prime credit scores, medical and non-medical debt in collections, 60-plus-day delinquent debt, debt charge-offs, bankruptcy filings and foreclosure.   The diabetes patients in this study were compared to people who had a blood test ...

Safflower yellow pigments in coronary heart disease: Mechanisms, applications, and future perspectives

2025-07-28
Coronary heart disease (CHD), characterized by atherosclerosis-induced myocardial ischemia, remains a leading cause of mortality in China. Safflower yellow pigments (SYPs), the primary bioactive components of Carthamus tinctorius L., consist mainly of quinochalcone C-glycosides, with hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) and anhydrosafflor yellow B (AHSYB) as key constituents. This review synthesizes evidence on SYPs' mechanisms, therapeutic applications, and future directions in CHD management. Chemical Composition and Pharmacokinetics SYPs comprise over 20 identified compounds, including HSYA and AHSYB, which confer cardiovascular protection, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. ...

TraMA: new RNA-based measure predicts mortality risk and tracks aging

2025-07-28
“TraMA is likely to be of particular value to researchers interested in understanding the biological processes underlying health and aging, and for social, psychological, epidemiological, and demographic studies of health and aging.” BUFFALO, NY — July 28, 2025 — A new research paper was published in Aging (Aging-US) Volume 17, Issue 6, on June 13, 2025, titled “Development of a novel transcriptomic measure of aging: Transcriptomic Mortality-risk Age (TraMA).” In ...

From WebMD to AI chatbots: How innovation has empowered patients to take control of their health

2025-07-28
TORONTO, ON July 28, 2025 A new research article published in the Journal of Participatory Medicine unveils how successive waves of digital technology innovation have empowered patients, fostering a more collaborative and responsive health care system. The paper, titled "From Internet to Artificial Intelligence (Al) Bots: Symbiotic Evolutions of Digital Technologies and e-Patients," explores the symbiotic evolution of digital health tools and the increasingly engaged e-patient. The concept of the e-patient, defined as an individual "equipped, enabled, empowered, and engaged" in their health, has been propelled forward by advancements spanning ...

LAST 30 PRESS RELEASES:

New Canadian study reveals where HIV hides in different parts of the body

Lidocaine poisonings rise despite overall drop in local anesthetic toxicity

Politics follow you on the road

Scientists blaze new path to fighting viral diseases

The mouse eye as a window to spotting systemic disease

AI and the Future of Cancer Research and Cancer Care to headline October 24 gathering of global oncology leaders at the National Press Club: NFCR Global Summit to feature top scientists, entrepreneurs

FDA clears UCLA heart tissue regeneration drug AD-NP1 for clinical trials

Exploring the therapeutic potential of cannabidiol for Alzheimer's

We need a solar sail probe to detect space tornadoes earlier, more accurately, U-M researchers say

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML): Disease risk but not remission status determines transplant outcomes – new ASAP long-term results

Sperm microRNAs: Key regulators of the paternal transmission of exercise capacity

Seeing double: Clever images open doors for brain research

Inhaler-related greenhouse gas emissions in the US

UCLA Health study finds inhalers for asthma and COPD drive significant greenhouse gas emissions

A surgical handover system for patient physiology and safety

Cardiovascular health changes in young adults and risk of later-life cardiovascular disease

Nurse workload and missed nursing care in neonatal intensive care units

How to solve the remote work stalemate – dissertation offers tools for successful hybrid work

Chip-based phonon splitter brings hybrid quantum networks closer to reality

Texas Children’s researchers create groundbreaking tool to improve accuracy of genetic testing

Milken Institute, Ann Theodore Foundation announce more than $2.5 million in new funding for sarcoidosis research and launch new call for proposals

Boston University professor to receive 2025 Eugene Braunwald Academic Mentorship Award

Pusan National University researchers reveal how forest soil properties influence arsenic mobility and toxicity in soil organisms

Korea University researchers find sweet taste cells resist nerve damage through c-Kit protein

HealthFORCE, AAPA, and West Health release “Aging Well with AI” – first in a two part series on AI and the healthcare workforce

The real reasons Endurance sank — study finds Shackleton knew of ship’s shortcomings

Marine heatwaves have hidden impacts on ocean food webs and carbon cycling

Order from disordered proteins

Rocket test proves bacteria survive space launch and re-entry unharmed

New wheat diversity discovery could provide an urgently-needed solution to global food security

[Press-News.org] CD4+ T cell-mediated immune drift in biologic treatment of inflammatory skin diseases