Experts provide policy roadmap to reduce dementia risk

56 recommendations, including how you can reduce your risk: key areas are hearing loss, social isolation and high blood pressure

2026-01-16

(Press-News.org) A national panel of experts has issued the strongest call yet for the Department of Health and Social Care to overhaul how it approaches dementia prevention, pointing to vital evidence that dementia risk can be reduced and providing a framework for the development of new government policy that could improve brain health for millions.

The Nottingham Consensus, published in Nature Reviews Neurology, was led by researchers at the NIHR Policy Research Unit in Dementia and Neurodegeneration at Queen Mary University of London (DeNPRU-QM). It sets out 56 recommendations aimed at turning decades of research into tangible policy.

The recommendations span four policy areas:

Reforming public messaging to improve awareness of brain health and dementia risk among the public. Identifying and treating individual risk factors for dementia, such as hearing loss and high blood pressure. Addressing the important structural factors influencing brain health that are outside an individual’s control (such as socioeconomic deprivation and air pollution). Targeting research funding to address the gaps in our understanding of how best to reduce dementia risk. Across all the recommendations, the panel emphasised the importance of addressing health inequalities to ensure that everyone in society has the same chance of living to an old age with a healthy brain. This means creating policies that account for how individual choices interact with social, economic and environmental conditions to influence brain health across a lifetime.

Lead author Dr Harriet Demnitz-King, Postdoc Research Fellow at Queen Mary University of London, said: “We know dementia risk can be reduced, but the evidence has not yet been transformed into a coherent governmental strategy. People need clear, evidence-based guidance on protecting their brain health, but the information they receive can be confusing or make them feel blamed. What we need now is coordinated, structural action to develop dementia prevention policies that are equitable, realistic and grounded in the lives people actually lead.”

Senior author Charles Marshall, Professor of Clinical Neurology at Queen Mary University of London, said: “Dementia is now the leading cause of death in the UK, so we desperately need a clear public health plan to improve this situation. We hope that this consensus will lead to better public messaging about dementia, improved recognition and management of other conditions that increase dementia risk, a strategy on structural approaches to improving brain health, and research that addresses gaps in our knowledge about how best to do all this. Implementing our recommendations will ensure that as many people as possible live to old age without dementia.”

Dementia cases are set to triple by 2050, yet public awareness that dementia risk can be reduced remains strikingly low. The panel, made up of a diverse group of 40 experts, identified three high-priority areas for individual action where evidence is particularly strong: hearing loss, social isolation and high blood pressure. But they also warned that without structural support – such as affordable hearing services, accessible social infrastructure and effective blood pressure management – these interventions will fail to reach the people who need them most.

The Nottingham Consensus provides clear, actionable recommendations to support a policy shift towards dementia prevention in line with the 10 Year Health Plan for England. It calls for a joined-up approach that builds dementia prevention into wider government action on issues such as smoking, alcohol, pollution and social inequality. Putting the recommendations into practice would send a clear signal that, with the right structural support, dementia risk can be reduced.

ENDS

NOTES TO EDITORS   

Paper details:  

Harriet Demnitz-King, et al. “The Nottingham consensus on dementia risk reduction policy: recommendations from a modified-Delphi process”

DOI:  10.1038/s41582-025-01173-9

A copy of the paper is available upon request. 

Conflict of interest:

Authors declare no conflict of interest

Funded by:  

This research is funded through the NIHR Policy Research Unit in Dementia and Neurodegeneration – Queen Mary University of London. 

About Queen Mary    

www.qmul.ac.uk     

At Queen Mary University of London, we believe that a diversity of ideas helps us achieve the previously unthinkable.  

Throughout our history, we’ve fostered social justice and improved lives through academic excellence. And we continue to live and breathe this spirit today, not because it’s simply ‘the right thing to do’ but for what it helps us achieve and the intellectual brilliance it delivers.    

Our reformer heritage informs our conviction that great ideas can and should come from anywhere. It’s an approach that has brought results across the globe, from the communities of east London to the favelas of Rio de Janeiro.    

We continue to embrace diversity of thought and opinion in everything we do, in the belief that when views collide, disciplines interact, and perspectives intersect, truly original thought takes form. 

About the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR)

The mission of the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) is to improve the health and wealth of the nation through research.

We do this by:

funding high quality, timely research that benefits the NHS, public health and social care investing in world-class expertise, facilities and a skilled delivery workforce to translate discoveries into improved treatments and services partnering with patients, service users, carers and communities, improving the relevance, quality and impact of our research attracting, training and supporting the best researchers to tackle complex health and social care challenges collaborating with other public funders, charities and industry to help shape a cohesive and globally competitive research system funding applied global health research and training to meet the needs of the poorest people in low and middle income countries NIHR is funded by the Department of Health and Social Care.

Our work in low and middle income countries is principally funded through UK international development funding from the UK government.

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