(Press-News.org) In the most comprehensive report in a half century, experts today described fundamental changes needed in the education of the scientists whose work impacts medicine, drug discovery and virtually every other discipline. The result of a year-long project of a presidential commission of the American Chemical Society (ACS), the world's largest scientific society, the report was the topic of a symposium here at the 2013 annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS).
Although it concluded that the state of graduate education in the chemical sciences is productive and healthy in many respects, the Commission report found that the education of doctoral-level scientists has not kept pace with major changes in the global economic, social and political environment that have occurred since World War II, when the current system of graduate education took shape.
Bassam Z. Shakhashiri, Ph.D., convened the panel, the Commission on Graduate Education in the Chemical Sciences, as one of his major initiatives as 2012 ACS president. The William T. Evjue distinguished chair for the Wisconsin Idea at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Shakhashiri organized and moderated the symposium.
Five members of the Commission participated in the AAAS symposium, along with Shirley M. Malcom, Ph.D., head of Education and Human Resources at the AAAS. Speakers and their topics were:
Larry Faulkner, Ph.D., University of Texas
"Vision and Recommendations of the ACS Presidential Commission on Graduate Education in the Chemical Sciences"
Paul Houston, Ph.D., Georgia Institute of Technology
"The ACS Commission on Graduate Education in the Chemical Sciences: Recommendations of the Working Groups"
Geraldine Richmond, Ph.D., University of Oregon
"Graduate Education in the Chemical Sciences: The Graduate Student Profile"
George Whitesides, Ph.D., Harvard University
"Changing Graduate Education To Meet the Needs of Students and Society, Part 1"
Shirley M. Malcom, Ph.D., AAAS Education and Human Resources
"Changing Graduate Education To Meet the Needs of Students and Society, Part 2"
Gary Calabrese, Ph.D., Corning, Inc.
"Changing Graduate Education To Meet the Needs of Students and Society, Part 3"
"The time for a close look at the education of tomorrow's scientists in this key discipline was long overdue," said Shakhashiri. "We hope the Commission's work will create the best possible experience for future scientists upon whom society will depend so heavily to address the great global challenges facing us all. They include climate change, population growth, finite resources, malnutrition, spreading disease and water management."
The Commission found that:
Current educational opportunities for graduate students, viewed on balance as a system, do not provide sufficient preparation for their careers after graduate school.
The system for the financial support of graduate students, as currently operated by private, institutional, state and federal funds, is no longer optimal for national needs.
Academic chemical laboratories must adopt best safety practices. Such practices have led to a remarkably good record of safety in the chemical industry and should be leveraged.
Departments should give thoughtful attention to maintaining a sustainable relationship between the availability of new graduates at all degree levels and genuine opportunities for them. Replication in excess is wasteful of resources and does injustice to the investment made by students and society.
Postdoctoral training and education is an extension of graduate education that is important for success in a variety of career paths, particularly for faculty appointments. Postdoctoral associates should be treated as the professional scientists and engineers they are. A postdoctoral appointment should be a period of accelerated professional growth that, by design, enhances scientific independence and future career opportunities.
The Commission developed its recommendations to address several fundamental concerns. Graduate programs, for instance, must prepare Ph.D. candidates for the present and future marketplace of opportunity. Second, the globalization of science necessitates stronger communication skills across disciplinary and cultural lines. Third, as many nations worldwide have greatly strengthened their scientific capacity by building universities and developing new businesses and markets, it is essential for the U.S. to engage more women and students from underrepresented populations to revitalize the chemical enterprise with new ideas and energy.
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ACS is a leader in science education policy. ACS serves as co-chair of the STEM Education Coalition. For a full discussion of additional policy points, please visit the ACS STEM education policy Webpage.
The American Chemical Society is a nonprofit organization chartered by the U.S. Congress. With more than 163,000 members, ACS is the world's largest scientific society and a global leader in providing access to chemistry-related research through its multiple databases, peer-reviewed journals and scientific conferences. Its main offices are in Washington, D.C., and Columbus, Ohio.
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NOTE TO MEDIA: The American Chemical Society has many educational resources and programs. They include college scholarships for minority and economically disadvantaged students, summer research opportunities for undergraduates, teacher training and grants for high school chemistry teachers. These and other programs can be found at www.acs.org/education, www.acs.org/scholarships and www.acs.org/grants
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