Scientists have discovered a protein secreted by tuberculosis (TB) bacteria that could be a promising new vaccine candidate, they report today in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The protein could also be used to improve diagnosis of TB. TB is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), which infects the lungs and spreads through the air as a result of coughing. There are 9 million new cases of TB each year, killing 4,700 people a day worldwide. BCG is the only available vaccine but it is of limited effectiveness in protecting against TB. ...

Lund researchers Kristina Karlsson Green and Josefin Madjidian have studied and measured how male and female traits and behaviour in animals' and plants' sexual conflicts are described in academic literature and also what parameters are incorporated for each sex in mathematical models of sexual conflict. "We have found evidence of choices and interpretations that may build on researchers' own, possibly subconscious, perception of male and female. We have now identified and quantified terms used to describe male and female in sexual conflict research and seen that different ...

"There is of course a very close relationship between the moment at which pollen is released by plants and the data gathered by the traps used to measure these grains, but this is not always the case", Rafael Tormo, a botanist from the University of Extremadura and co-author of the paper, tells SINC. His team found delays or advances of up to a week between the time when the pollen of allergenic grass species (from genuses such as Poa, Agrostis, Bromus and Avena) and cupressaceae (cypresses and Arizona pine) are present in the air and their flowering period. According ...

Las Vegas residents are frequently the unfortunate victims of dog attacks. Most, if not all, of these incidents are avoidable yet the problem continues to affect families in Clark County. These attacks range from minor cuts and scratches to serious lacerations, nerve and tissue damage, or even death. One in Five Victims Must Seek Medical Treatment for Their Wounds While some breeds - like rottweilers, pit bulls and German shepherds - have a reputation for being particularly vicious and attacking people, every dog has the potential to bite. Tragically, children are ...

(Boston) – Paul Duprex, PhD, and Elke Mühlberger, PhD, both associate professors of microbiology at Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM), recently co-authored a commentary about viruses for Microbiology Today, the monthly publication of the Society of General Microbiology, which is the largest microbiological society in Europe. The article focuses on the history of viruses and vaccines and gives their perspective on what is necessary to evolve to the next era of virology research. The ability to grow cells from humans and other animals in the laboratory helped ...

People with repeated exposure to asbestos are at risk for serious health problems, including lung cancer and mesothelioma. In New Jersey, a "two-disease" state, someone who develops an asbestos-related disease and files a personal injury lawsuit also may file a second lawsuit if he or she later develops another, separate asbestos-related disease. Product Liability and Personal-Injury Lawsuits In general, all makers and suppliers of goods are required to provide products that are reasonably safe and to warn consumers of products' potential dangers. This requirement ...

WASHINGTON, D.C. — Since the passage of the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act in 2009, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has met the ambitious implementation deadlines set forth in the law, the agency said Wednesday at a congressional briefing hosted by the American Association for Cancer Research. Lawrence Deyton, M.S.P.H., M.D., director of FDA Center for Tobacco Products, reviewed the many important steps the FDA has taken so far that have significantly expanded the agency's ability to protect the public from tobacco products. These steps ...

"The nation that controls magnetism will control the universe," famed fictional detective Dick Tracy predicted back in 1935. Probably an overstatement, but there's little doubt the nation that leads the development of advanced magnetoelectronic or "spintronic" devices is going to have a serious leg-up on its Information Age competition. A smaller, faster and cheaper way to store and transfer information is the spintronic grand prize and a key to winning this prize is understanding and controlling a multiferroic property known as "spontaneous magnetization." Now, researchers ...

If you think your spouse is cheating, you may want to think twice before checking his or her personal e-mail for evidence of the infidelity. In an upcoming Michigan case, a husband from Rochester Hills was charged with a felony punishable by up to five years in prison for doing just that. In 2008, Leon Walker suspected that his soon to be ex-wife, Clara Walker, was having an affair with one of her former husbands. Using his wife's password, Walker logged on to a laptop computer they shared and checked her personal e-mail account where he found communications confirming ...

A team of scientists from the University of Oxford, U.K. have taken lessons from Adam Smith and Charles Darwin to devise a new strategy that could one day slow, possibly even prevent, the spread of drug-resistant bacteria. In a new research report published in the March 2011 issue of GENETICS (http://www.genetics.org), the scientists show that bacterial gene mutations that lead to drug resistance come at a biological cost not borne by nonresistant strains. They speculate that by altering the bacterial environment in such a way to make these costs too great to bear, drug-resistant ...

Man Facing Prison Time for Reading Wife's Email Have you checked your spouse's e-mail account lately? If you have, you may have committed a crime, or at least you may have if you live in Michigan. In a case generating national attention, Michigan resident Leon Walker was charged under the state's anti-hacking law for checking his wife's email without permission, a crime normally reserved for charging those who have committed identity theft or stolen trade secrets. If convicted, Walker may be sentenced up to five years in prison. Walker and his wife were in the ...

There's nothing like the sheer delight of sun and snow on a skiing trip. But a momentary lapse of concentration can have nasty consequences. Taking a tumble on the slopes often causes injuries – most commonly to the knee. Weeks can go by before knees regain their full function, and patients are obliged to re-learn how to walk. The time it takes for the knee to heal is directly related to how well it reacts to the chosen treatment. But how is an orthopedic doctor to evaluate the healing process? And how are patients to know what progress they are making? Currently, doctors ...

(Garrison, NY) When presented with different terms to describe a clinical trial, parents were far more likely to consent to enroll their child if it was called a "research study" than if it was called a "medical experiment" or a "research project," in large part because they perceived the former as safer, even though that was not necessarily the case, according to a report in IRB: Ethics & Human Research. Terms such as these are typically used interchangeably in informed consent forms and by researchers describing trials to potential participants and their parents, on ...

(Edmonton) Patients with kidney cancer who had their entire organ removed were more likely to have more renal complications and poorer health after surgery, compared to those who had only part of their kidney removed, a study has shown. Ronald Moore, a professor in the Department of Surgery, a senior scholar funded by Alberta Innovates – Health Solutions, holder of the Mr. Lube Chair in Uro-Oncology and a practising surgeon, studied 1,151 kidney cancer cases in Alberta, with his colleagues Scott Klarenbach, an Alberta Innovates – Health Solutions investigator and associate ...

The fundamental difference between Chapter 7 bankruptcy and Chapter 13 bankruptcy involves the concepts of liquidation and reorganization of debt. Under Chapter 7, most unsecured debt is eliminated by "liquidating" assets of the applicant to provide funds to those creditors. But one of the myths about bankruptcy is the fear that Chapter 7 can therefore cause you to lose your car, home and other essential property. In fact, the bankruptcy code defines a set of bankruptcy exemptions that allow the individual debtor to protect certain property from creditors' claims. Arizona ...

The oldest segment of Japan's population will likely be the hardest hit as a result of the recent earthquake and subsequent tsunami, based on data from previous catastrophic events. Approximately 23 percent of Japanese citizens currently are age 65 and above. "Japan's population — with the highest proportion of older people in any country — gives us an indicator of where the world as a whole is headed," said James Appleby, RPh, MPH, executive director of The Gerontological Society of America. "The significance of this demographic shift and the severity of the tsunami's ...

Physicists at UCLA set out to design a better transistor and ended up discovering a new way to think about the structure of space. Space is usually considered infinitely divisible — given any two positions, there is always a position halfway between. But in a recent study aimed at developing ultra-fast transistors using graphene, researchers from the UCLA Department of Physics and Astronomy and the California NanoSystems Institute show that dividing space into discrete locations, like a chessboard, may explain how point-like electrons, which have no finite radius, ...

Chevy Chase, MD (March 18, 2011)--The growing concern surrounding the release of radiation from an earthquake and tsunami-stricken nuclear complex in Japan has raised fears of radiation exposure to populations in North America from the potential plume of radioactivity crossing the Pacific Ocean. To help Americans understand their radiation-related health risks, the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE), the American Thyroid Association (ATA), The Endocrine Society and the Society of Nuclear Medicine (SNM) issued a joint statement (http://www.endo-society.org/advocacy/policy/upload/Joint-Statement-on-Radiation-Risks-to-Health.pdf). The ...

For the second time in six years, the North Carolina legislature is considering amendments to the workers' compensation benefits. Among the heavily debated proposals is the elimination of lifetime disability benefits -- instead injured workers would be limited to nine and one-half years of benefits. Business Competition and Job Creation in North Carolina Some proponents of benefit changes say North Carolina must reform its workers' compensation law in order to compete for business and new jobs. Yet figures from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and state Governor's Office ...

House of Fraser, the UK's premium department store, has launched Howick Tailored through its online site. Men's clothing and accessories label Howick has become known for its stylish casual wear, which is inspired by preppy American sports culture and clothing. From rugby shirts and striped polo tees to laundered shirts, trousers and chinos, Howick has an off-duty look for every season. Howick Tailored, is a formal wear collection for Spring/Summer 2011 launching exclusively at House of Fraser. The tailored collection marries traditional quality with classical design ...

British Airways has set a new Guinness World Records title with comedians Dara O Briain, Jack Whitehall and Jon Richardson, for hosting the 'highest stand-up comedy gig in the world'. The smile high gig, which took place on March 12, 2011 as part of the airline's partnership with Comic Relief, raised almost GBP100,000 for Red Nose Day. The comedians performed for 45 minutes at 35,000ft to a crowd of 180 guests and prize winners to set the new world record. The comedy gig was hosted on flight BA9230c on a dedicated British Airways A321 aircraft. The flight took off ...

For the first time in UK TV history, Ofcom has confirmed that from 28th February, 2011, product placement is allowed for use on UK TV programmes. This will give companies a lucrative venue in which to promote and advertise their brand, with the potential to reach a far wider audience. First for fashion is high street company, New Look, the first retail company to capitalize upon the role that television will have as a promotional tool. New Look announced earlier this week a unique partnership with Channel 4 which sees the high street retailer celebrate the style and ...

The new Salon and Spa Galleria in Grapevine takes beauty and cosmetics in a whole new direction and seeks to help salon technicians and beauty specialists build their careers and perfect their craft. Equipped with a proficient marketing team to drive traffic and a large amount of ready-to-use equipment, their aim is to provide a nurturing atmosphere for self-starting tenants looking to start or boost their businesses. "While we do have several studios up front for mainstream services like hair styling and nail art," says Leah Haroldson, the salon's property manager, ...

As promised - a word on hyphenating those pesky prefixes...well, several words actually, starting with an apology. Sadly, there is no quick 'catch-all' answer to this one; the only cast-iron way to ensure you are correct is to check your dictionary, since there are many exceptions, and usage varies from country to country also. However, there are a few general rules which may help. Much of the following advice will depend on whether you live north or south of the 49th parallel. Take 'non' for instance: If you live in the U.S., 'non' is pretty much a no-brainer; ...

South Bay Ballet along with Santa Cruz Ballet Theatre will host Regional Dance America/Pacific 2011 Sunday, May 15 through Wednesday, May 18 at The Orleans Hotel in Las Vegas, Nevada. The annual festival is expected to draw more than 800 participants including dancers, instructors and observers from 21 member companies in Arizona, California, Idaho, Oregon, Washington, and Utah to study their craft, celebrate achievements and perform works selected by dance adjudication. Regional Dance America/Pacific (RDA/P) provides advanced educational and performing opportunities ...