The Lancet Neurology: Autism Series media alert
2015-04-17
(Press-News.org) The Lancet Neurology journal is pleased to announce that the following papers will be published as part of a Series on autism spectrum disorder, ahead of the 2015 Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Neurology:
Gene hunting in autism spectrum disorder: on the path to precision medicine [Embargo: 6:30pm [New York time] Thursday 16 April, 2015]
Neuroimaging in autism spectrum disorder: brain structure and function across the lifespan [Embargo: 6:30pm [New York time] Thursday 16 April, 2015]
Gene hunting in autism spectrum disorder: on the path to precision medicine - by Professor Daniel H Geschwind and Professor Matthew W State
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects about one in 100 people worldwide, and is heavily influenced by genetics. This Series paper, published in The Lancet Neurology, discusses how different 'risk genes' contribute to ASD, as well as their use as potential therapeutic targets. Recent advances in genetic technologies--for example, gene hunting (the process of finding specific genes that contribute to physical individual differences)--promise to improve understanding of the mechanisms of ASD, and to help improve its clinical management. The paper authors argue that new evidence of genetic interactions in individual patients could help to develop new, more personalised, classes of therapies for ASD.
Neuroimaging in autism spectrum disorder: brain structure and function across the lifespan - by Dr Christine Ecker et al.
This Series paper, published in The Lancet Neurology, discusses how neuroimaging studies, such as those that use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are helping us to understand differences in brain anatomy, functioning, and connectivity in people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) over their lifespan. The paper authors describe how in the future, the insights provided by these studies could contribute to new clinical approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of ASD and other neurodevelopmental disorders.
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2015-04-17
Highlights
Among dialysis patients, genetically related family members have about a 70% increased risk of cardiac arrest compared with unrelated dialysis patients.
Spouses on dialysis do not have an increased risk.
Cardiac arrest is the #1 cause of death in patients on dialysis.
Washington, DC (April 16, 2015) -- The increased risk of cardiac arrest experienced by patients with kidney failure may, in part, be inherited, according to a study appearing in an upcoming issue of the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (JASN). Uncovering the genes that are ...
2015-04-17
A new study has found that wind instrument players have a reduced risk of developing obstructive sleep apnoea.
The findings, presented today (17 April 2015) at the Sleep and Breathing Conference 2015, suggest that this could be considered beneficial to those individuals who are at high risk of developing sleep apnoea.
Researchers in India conducted lung function testing in 64 people who played a wind instrument and compared results to a control group of 65 people who did not play any wind instruments. All participants also completed the Berlin questionnaire, an established ...
2015-04-16
Cancer-related post-traumatic stress is associated with very limited cognitive impairment before treatment among newly diagnosed breast cancer patients, according to a new study published April 16 in the JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
Pretreatment cognitive impairment and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder have been independently reported among cancer patients. Post-traumatic stress has also been linked to cognitive impairment. However, a clear relationship between post-traumatic stress in the setting of a cancer diagnosis and cognitive impairment ...
2015-04-16
WASHINGTON, DC - A drug commonly taken to prevent seizures in epilepsy may surprisingly protect the eyesight of people with multiple sclerosis (MS), according to a study released today that will be presented at the American Academy of Neurology's 67th Annual Meeting in Washington, DC, April 18 to 25, 2015.
"About half of people with MS experience at some point in their life a condition called acute optic neuritis, in which the nerve carrying vision from the eye to the brain gets inflamed," said study author Raj Kapoor, MD, with the National Hospital for Neurology and ...
2015-04-16
The rapid increase in use of e-cigarettes has led to heated debates between opponents who question the safety of these devices and proponents who claim the battery-operated products are a useful cessation tool. A study, published online on April 16 in the American Journal of Public Health, suggests proponents are in error.
University of California, San Diego School of Medicine researchers found that smokers who used e-cigarettes were 49 percent less likely to decrease cigarette use and 59 percent less likely to quit smoking compared to smokers who never used e-cigarettes. ...
2015-04-16
Boston, MA - Who decides who can carry concealed firearms legally? Should local police chiefs have a say? Massachusetts police chiefs think so. A new survey finds that a large majority of Massachusetts police chiefs favor continuing to give local police discretion in whether or not to grant concealed carry hand gun permits in their jurisdiction. Massachusetts is one of nine states with a "may-issue" concealed carry permit law, which gives a police chief discretion in issuing a gun permit; most other states have "shall-issue" laws that limit police discretion. In about half ...
2015-04-16
Putnam Valley, NY. (Mar. 16, 2015) - Osteoarthritis (OA), a debilitating and painful degenerative disease, strikes an estimated 14 percent of adults 25 years of age and older, a third of adults age 65 and older in the U.S. alone. Those who suffer from OA may one day have a new and effective cell therapy, thanks to a team of Czech researchers who studied the effectiveness of using an OA patient's own adipose (fat) cells in a unique transplant therapy aimed at reducing the symptoms of this prevalent and difficult to treat condition as well as healing some of the damage caused ...
2015-04-16
Using a novel methodology of epigenetic quantitative analysis, Dartmouth-Hitchcock's Norris Cotton Cancer Center's interdisciplinary team of investigators led by Camilo Fadul, MD, found no correlation between regulatory T cells (Tregs) and survival in the tumor microenvironment or blood, even when adjusting for well-known prognostic factors. Titled, "Regulatory T Cells Are Not a Strong Predictor of Survival for Patients with Glioblastoma," the findings were published in Neuro-Oncology.
"The traditional methods to quantify Tregs may be subjective and result in variability ...
2015-04-16
HANOVER, N.H. - Facebook users with so-called optimistic bias think they're less likely than other users to experience cyberbullying, depression and other negative social and psychological effects from using the site, a Dartmouth-Cornell study finds.
The study suggests that optimistic bias, or an intrinsic tendency to imagine future events in a favorable light that enhances positive self-regard - in other words, wishful thinking - leaves those Facebook users vulnerable to the negative realities of social media.
The findings appear in the journal Cyberpsychology, Behavior, ...
2015-04-16
"We contend that the health awareness day has not been held to an appropriate level of scrutiny given the scale at which it has been embraced," write Jonathan Purtle, DrPH and Leah Roman, MPH in a peer-reviewed commentary published online ahead of print today in the American Journal of Public Health.
Purtle, an assistant professor at the Drexel University School of Public Health, and Roman, a public health consultant, were prompted to investigate the prevalence of evaluation data for health awareness days based on their observation of two trends: On one hand, health awareness ...
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