PRESS-NEWS.org - Press Release Distribution
PRESS RELEASES DISTRIBUTION

New platform leverages AI and quantum computing to predict salmonella antimicrobial resistance

New platform leverages AI and quantum computing to predict salmonella antimicrobial resistance
2025-04-10
(Press-News.org)

A recent study published in Engineering presents a novel approach to predict Salmonella antimicrobial resistance, a growing concern for public health. The research, led by Le Zhang from Sichuan University, combines large language models (LLMs) and quantum computing to develop a predictive platform.

Salmonella is a common foodborne pathogen. The overuse of antimicrobials and genetic mutations have led to the rise of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella strains, making it crucial to predict resistance accurately for effective treatment. However, traditional methods like bacterial antimicrobial susceptibility tests (ASTs) are inefficient, and current predictive models using whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data suffer from overfitting due to high dimensionality.

To address these issues, the researchers proposed a two-step feature-selection process. First, they used a chi-square test and conditional mutual information maximization to screen for key Salmonella resistance genes in pan-genomics analysis. Then, they developed an LLM-based Salmonella antimicrobial-resistance predictive (SARPLLM) algorithm, which is based on the Qwen2 LLM and low-rank adaptation (LoRA). This algorithm converts Salmonella samples into sentences for the LLM to process, enabling accurate resistance prediction.

Another challenge is the imbalance between the number of antimicrobial-resistant and sensitive samples in Salmonella WGS data. To solve this, the team developed the QSMOTEN algorithm. Based on the SMOTEN algorithm, QSMOTEN uses quantum computing to encode feature names and values into quantum states and compute the distance between samples. This reduces the time complexity of distance computation from a linear to a logarithmic level, making it more efficient for high-dimensional WGS data.

The researchers also built a user-friendly Salmonella antimicrobial-resistance predictive online platform. The platform, which uses Django as the back-end service architecture and Echarts for knowledge graph visualization, has four modules: an antimicrobial-resistance predictive module, a pan-genomics analysis results module, a gene-sample-antimicrobial knowledge-graph module, and a data download module. It allows users to upload gene feature files for online resistance prediction and provides data visualization and download functions.

Experimental results show that the SARPLLM algorithm outperforms other models in antimicrobial-resistance prediction, with high F1-scores for multiple antimicrobials. The QSMOTEN algorithm can accurately compute the similarity between samples, both on virtual and physical quantum machines, demonstrating the potential of quantum computing in accelerating data augmentation.

While the study represents a significant step forward, the researchers acknowledge that there are still limitations. The complex biological and genetic knowledge involved in Salmonella antimicrobial-resistance prediction is difficult for current LLMs to fully understand, and the performance of LLMs depends on the quality and quantity of training data. Quantum computing technology is also in its early stages. Future research will focus on integrating multi-source data and domain knowledge to improve the accuracy of the predictive platform and developing more stable quantum hardware.

The paper “Developing a Predictive Platform for Salmonella Antimicrobial Resistance Based on a Large Language Model and Quantum Computing,” authored by Yujie You, Kan Tan, Zekun Jiang, Le Zhang. Full text of the open access paper: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2025.01.013. For more information about the Engineering, follow us on X (https://twitter.com/EngineeringJrnl) & like us on Facebook (https://www.facebook.com/EngineeringJrnl).

END


[Attachments] See images for this press release:
New platform leverages AI and quantum computing to predict salmonella antimicrobial resistance New platform leverages AI and quantum computing to predict salmonella antimicrobial resistance 2 New platform leverages AI and quantum computing to predict salmonella antimicrobial resistance 3

ELSE PRESS RELEASES FROM THIS DATE:

Transplanting Posidonia oceanica: a major scientific advance for the conservation of seagrass meadows

Transplanting Posidonia oceanica: a major scientific advance for the conservation of seagrass meadows
2025-04-10
A study has resulted in the transplantation of 384 m² of Posidonia oceanica seagrass on the scale of an industrial project as part of maritime works in Monaco. This success challenges the idea that these ecosystems are "non-transplantable". This unprecedented experiment, conducted over a period of eight years, opens up new prospects for the preservation of seagrass meadows threatened by coastal urbanisation. As part of the construction project for the "Mareterra" district in Monaco, the marine works involved the destruction of several hectares of Posidonia oceanica meadows, an underwater plant essential to the Mediterranean ...

Patients' experience of healthcare should be a greater part of assessing quality

Patients experience of healthcare should be a greater part of assessing quality
2025-04-10
Everyone wants good quality healthcare, but what exactly is quality and how do you measure it? Is it to do with the waiting time for home care services? Or how many nursing home residents have had medical supervision in the past year? Or whether the medication lists have been checked recently? “These are important aspects that are all worth monitoring. The problem is that quality cannot be easily reduced to a quantifiable value,”said Randi Olsson Haave, an assistant professor and PhD research fellow at the Norwegian University of Science ...

Tsinghua University Press and ResearchGate expand Journal Home partnership

Tsinghua University Press and ResearchGate expand Journal Home partnership
2025-04-10
Beijing (China) and Berlin (Germany) April 10, 2025 - Tsinghua University Press (TUP), the leading university press in China, and ResearchGate, the professional network for researchers, has announced an expansion of its Journal Home partnership, which was the first of its kind with a Chinese publisher last year. This expansion more than doubles TUP’s coverage, now including 11 open access titles. Since 1980, TUP has maintained a strong presence in China’s higher education, science, and technology sectors. The expanded partnership will increase the visibility of 10,000+ research articles, spanning nano research, AI, computing, ...

Therapy-related b-lymphoblastic leukemia following treatment for multiple myeloma with unusual surface light chain expression: a case report

2025-04-10
Background Therapy-related B-lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) following treatment for multiple myeloma is a rare occurrence. Despite its rarity and the lack of recognition by the World Health Organization as a distinct disease entity, previous publications indicate its possible emergence following myeloma treatment. Case presentation The patient is a 65-year-old gentleman with a history of IgG kappa multiple myeloma, status post multiple lines of therapy. The patient presented with a fever, and a complete blood count showed cytopenia. Bone marrow morphologic evaluation revealed numerous blasts. ...

Poo-romising frontier in fecal microbiota transplantation

Poo-romising frontier in fecal microbiota transplantation
2025-04-10
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a widespread bacterial infection associated with gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer. While conventional antibiotic-based treatments have been the gold standard for eradication, their efficacy has been steadily declining due to the alarming rise in antibiotic resistance. This has spurred interest in alternative therapies, one of which is fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). FMT is a novel therapeutic approach that involves transferring microbiota from a healthy donor to a patient’s ...

A new approach to differentiating large granular lymphocytic leukemias and their mimics in light of current updates in the 5th Edition of the WHO Classification

2025-04-10
Large granular lymphocytic leukemias (LGLLs) are a heterogeneous group of rare chronic lymphoproliferative disorders characterized by the clonal proliferation of cytotoxic lymphocytes. Among them, T-cell LGLL (T-LGLL) and NK-cell LGLL (NK-LGLL) are the most prominent. Due to overlapping morphological, clinical, and immunophenotypic characteristics, distinguishing these disorders from related entities such as T-prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL), adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), Sézary syndrome (SS), and aggressive NK-cell leukemia (ANKL) presents a significant diagnostic challenge. This review integrates recent molecular insights and updates from the WHO 5th edition ...

Simple and cost-effective reporter assay for evaluating chemical-induced epigenetic changes

Simple and cost-effective reporter assay for evaluating chemical-induced epigenetic changes
2025-04-10
Chemicals used as food preservatives, flavoring agents, dyes, pesticides, cosmetics, cleaners, and other industrial materials are being increasingly recognized as a health hazard. Their rampant use has led to an increase in the prevalence of various chemical toxicity-induced diseases, including hormonal disruption, cancer, neurological disorders, skin conditions, and occupational poisoning. Numerous chemicals are known to trigger “carcinogenesis” or cancer development by exerting genotoxic effects (direct or indirect interference with DNA replication and damage repair processes ...

Scientists say the “plant world” needs to come out and claim its place at the One Health table

Scientists say the “plant world” needs to come out and claim its place at the One Health table
2025-04-10
Scientists writing a policy forum article in the CABI One Health journal say the “plant world” needs to come out and claim its place at the One Health table as part of a desire to break down barriers that currently limit true cross-domain integration. The researchers say that while plant health is increasingly recognized as a vital part of One Health, it lacks recognition and – historically focussed on health service provision, zoonotic diseases and antimicrobial resistance – One Health overlooks plant health in strategic plans. They add that cross-sectoral approaches, core to One Health, are already used ...

A new tool to improve lives after brain injury is underway at The University of Texas at San Antonio

2025-04-10
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious issue affecting thousands of people in the U.S. every year. For military service members, the impact is even more profound. Since 2000, over 492,000 cases of TBI have been reported, making it one of the defining injuries of modern warfare, according to the U.S. Department of Defense. Many veterans have experienced multiple TBIs, raising concerns about long-term effects on brain health. Given the subjective and nonspecific nature of symptom presentation, treatment and prognosis can be difficult. Researchers ...

Guinea pigs: A promising animal model to study the human embryo

2025-04-10
The first few days of a human embryo’s development, known as pre-implantation, are important. It’s when the first cells are formed, and these decide if the embryo can survive, how it will implant in the womb and how the tissues of the fetus will develop. Today there are still logistical, ethical and legal limitations to using human embryos for research purposes, so scientists use alternative models including stem cell-based and animal models. In a new study published in Nature Cell Biology, Sophie Petropoulos, a researcher ...

LAST 30 PRESS RELEASES:

A virtual reality game integrating smell to fight cognitive decline

To improve screenings with technology, focus on people first

Implementing a digital cognitive screening tool and flexible workflow helps primary care clinics integrate dementia screening

Digital cognitive assessment in primary care may enable early dementia detection and next step care

App-based hearing screenings in family practice may improve hearing disorder diagnosis

Ai-enabled cardiovascular screening shows promise in identifying heart dysfunction in women considering pregnancy

Strengthening global pandemic preparedness: The urgent need for investment, collaboration, and action

FAU CA-AI awarded $2.1million to establish new U.S. Air Force Center of Excellence

KIST develops ultrasonic wireless battery charging technology

Artificial intelligence tools make education materials more patient friendly

Increasing physical activity in middle age may protect against Alzheimer's disease

Prevention instead of reaction: Intelligent, networked systems for structural monitoring

Zoo life boosts object exploration in orangutans

MIT engineers advance toward a fault-tolerant quantum computer

An enzyme-proof glycan glue for extracellular matrix to ameliorate intervertebral disc degeneration

Deepfakes now come with a realistic heartbeat, making them harder to unmask

So, our city’s shrinking—Now what?

Parents with alcohol-related diagnoses are twice as likely to maltreat children

Giant croclike carnivore fossils found in the Caribbean

Palatable versus poisonous: Eavesdropping bats must learn to identify which prey is safe to eat

Being hit by an SUV increases the likelihood of death or serious injury, new research shows

New test diagnoses bacterial meningitis faster and better

Majority of Americans experience some form of gun violence in person

Broader antibiotic use could change the course of cholera outbreaks, research suggests

Higher cigarette taxes may improve childhood survival

Exercise can counter detrimental effects of cancer treatment

Too few ward nurses linked to longer hospital stay, readmission, and risk of death

Friendship bracelet: New technology connects neurodiverse groups of children

Forest in sync: Spruce trees communicate during a solar eclipse

Parents take a year to ‘tune in’ to their child’s feelings about starting school, research suggests

[Press-News.org] New platform leverages AI and quantum computing to predict salmonella antimicrobial resistance