(Press-News.org) Orlando, Fla. – How do certain multiple myeloma treatment drugs cause complications? How does the immune system become dysfunctional due to cancer? How safe is a vaccine that could prevent development of precancerous colon polyps? Those are among the many questions that will be answered by researchers from the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute (UPCI) and the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine during the American Association for Cancer Research 102nd Annual Meeting 2011, April 2 to 6, in Orlando, Fla.
UPCI and Pitt researchers will present more than 80 posters, talks and tutorials, as well as lead educational sessions and chair panel discussions during the event.
Highlights include:
ORAL PRESENTATIONS:
MONDAY, APRIL 4
EMBARGOED until 1:25 p.m. ET
Mechanisms of Complications of Multiple Myeloma Treatments
Suzanne Lentzsch, M.D., Ph.D., assistant professor of medicine and clinical director of the multiple myeloma program at UPCI, will discuss her research that shows how immunomodulatory derivatives of thalidomide (IMiDs), such as lenalidomide and pomalidomide, used in multiple myeloma treatment also affect blood cell production pathways by decreasing production of a key protein needed for blood cell specialization.
"That leads to treatment complications including a reduction in the numbers of neutrophils, a kind of white blood cell, and an increase in a protein that promotes platelet clumping that in turn increases the risk for blood clots," Dr. Lentzsch explained.
EMBARGOED until 4:15 p.m. ET
Inflammatory Mediator Drives Suppressor Cells That Cause Immune System Dysfunction in Cancer
Natasa Obermajer, Ph.D., a postdoctoral fellow, will present a project conducted in the lab of senior investigator Pawel Kalinski, M.D., Ph.D., professor of surgery and UPCI researcher, that shows a single cancer-associated inflammatory mediator called prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) drives the differentiation and stability of myeloid-derived suppressor cells that play a key role in causing immune system dysfunction and a microenvironment that allows cancer cells to thrive.
"Our findings suggest that a positive feedback loop exists between PGE2 and COX-2, which regulates PGE2 production," Dr. Kalinski said. "When we disrupted this feedback loop in suppressor cells taken from cancer patients by blocking COX-2 or PGE2 signaling receptors, we stopped the cells' ability to suppress cancer-killing immune cells. This might be a new avenue to explore for future cancer treatments."
TUESDAY, APRIL 5
EMBARGOED until 1:10 p.m. ET
Cancer Vaccines Targeting Pre-Malignant Lesions
Olivera Finn, Ph.D., professor and chair, Department of Immunology, will present her work in developing vaccines that target abnormal peptides, or small pieces of protein, that are produced during the development of certain cancers. Tumor formation might be prevented with a vaccine that generates an immune response against the cells that carry these worrisome peptides.
"Vaccines that are administered as a possible treatment after cancer has already developed have not been very effective," she noted. "But if we can help the immune system find these dangerous cells in people who are at high risk for cancer but are still healthy, we might have an intervention that could prevent many cases of disease."
With colleagues including clinical collaborator Robert E. Schoen, M.D., professor of medicine, Dr. Finn also is presenting a poster (EMBARGOED until 8 a.m., Wednesday, April 6) of preliminary findings of a colon cancer prevention vaccine that is being tested for safety at UPMC. None of the vaccine recipients who have been evaluated had significant side effects, and half of them generated an immune response to MUC1, the vaccine target and a protein that becomes aberrant during the progression of advanced colon polyps into cancer. These early findings encourage further testing in a randomized trial to assess whether the vaccine can prevent recurrence of adenomatous polyps. Abstract 5510
POSTER PRESENTATIONS:
EMBARGOED UNTIL 1 p.m. ET, MONDAY, APRIL 4
Novel Drug Protects Esophagus After Radiation Exposure
Mice that swallowed the experimental drug JP4-039 before they were exposed to upper body radiation were more likely to survive than untreated animals. Of the treated animals, 75 percent survived for 30 days after exposure compared to 30 percent of the untreated group. The findings could lead to drugs that prevent esophagitis, a typical side effect of radiation treatment for lung cancer. Abstract 2502
Seizure Drug Offers Protection from Radiation Exposure
In cell and mouse experiments, carbamazepine, a drug typically prescribed to treat mood disorders, epilepsy and trigeminal neuralgia, mitigated the impact of radiation exposure by increasing autophagy, a process in which the cell components are degraded and discarded. Abstract 2495
###
About University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute (UPCI)
As the only NCI-designated comprehensive cancer center in western Pennsylvania, UPCI is a recognized leader in providing innovative cancer prevention, detection, diagnosis, and treatment; bio-medical research; compassionate patient care and support; and community-based outreach services. UPCI investigators are world-renowned for their work in clinical and basic cancer research.
About the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
As one of the nation's leading academic centers for biomedical research, the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine integrates advanced technology with basic science across a broad range of disciplines in a continuous quest to harness the power of new knowledge and improve the human condition. Driven mainly by the School of Medicine and its affiliates, Pitt has ranked among the top 10 recipients of funding from the National Institutes of Health since 1997 and now ranks fifth in the nation, according to NIH data for 2008 (the most recent year for which the data are final).
Likewise, the School of Medicine is equally committed to advancing the quality and strength of its medical and graduate education programs, for which it is recognized as an innovative leader, and to training highly skilled, compassionate clinicians and creative scientists well-equipped to engage in world-class research. The School of Medicine is the academic partner of UPMC, which has collaborated with the University to raise the standard of medical excellence in Pittsburgh and to position health care as a driving force behind the region's economy. For more information about the School of Medicine, see www.medschool.pitt.edu.
UPCI, Pitt researchers present findings of cancer studies at AACR 102nd Annual Meeting
2011-04-07
ELSE PRESS RELEASES FROM THIS DATE:
The Business Age is Discussed in This Month's Business Review India
2011-04-07
Welcome to the April issue of Business Review India! The Smartphone market in India is predictably growing and how! After all, with better browser speeds, affordable rates and a holistic user-friendly experience, the customer is lured into buying these palm-candies that promise oodles and fun and functionality. This issue of Business Review India helps buyers pick their ideal soul-Smartphone!
Plus, discover how online chatting on social media is an untapped market that has lots to offer! Read this story to discover some essential secrets of this segment.
Along with ...
Substance in tangerines fights obesity and protects against heart disease
2011-04-07
VIDEO:
New research by Murray Huff, a vascular biology scientist with the University of Western Ontario has found a flavanoid in tangerines called Nobiletin not only prevents obesity, but also offers...
Click here for more information.
New research from The University of Western Ontario has discovered a substance in tangerines not only prevents obesity, but also offers protection against type 2 diabetes, and even atherosclerosis, the underlying disease responsible for most ...
Amount of AIDS virus in genital secretions predicts risk of heterosexual transmission
2011-04-07
Higher concentrations of the AIDS virus in genital secretions are linked to a greater risk of virus transmission between opposite-sex couples. The effect is independent of blood level of the virus.
These findings will be reported in the April 7 edition of Science Translational Medicine, a publication of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.
This is the first study to evaluate directly the relationship between genital concentrations of the HIV-1 virus and heterosexual transmission risk. The researchers demonstrated that high levels of HIV in mucus ...
Control the cursor with power of thought
2011-04-07
The act of mind reading is something usually reserved for science-fiction movies but researchers in America have used a technique, usually associated with identifying epilepsy, for the first time to show that a computer can listen to our thoughts.
In a new study, scientists from Washington University demonstrated that humans can control a cursor on a computer screen using words spoken out loud and in their head, holding huge applications for patients who may have lost their speech through brain injury or disabled patients with limited movement.
By directly connecting ...
iPhone, Blackberry or Droid: Finding the Right Smartphone For You, in Business Review India
2011-04-07
Three Smartphone giants are competing big time to offer the best user-friendly features. So how does one make the right choice? What is the most important feature in a Smartphone? E-mail usage, Internet browsing or tons of applications? Whatever the need, rest assured there is a Smartphone out there that now caters to every demand of the user!
Authored by Pooja Thakkar, this special piece on Smartphones reveals how this market is growing in India and has something for everyone - whatever their budget may be.
Read the full article, here.About Business Review India
Business ...
Twitter & Facebook Marketing Tips in Business Review India
2011-04-07
Social media represents a huge opportunity for established and emerging businesses across the world with Facebook and Twitter being top players in this field. Marketing on both these platforms offers businesses the possibility of exhibiting their product and services to an audience that is vast, anonymous yet intimately acquainted. It further allows the additional benefit of targeting the market based on age, region, race, income level among other factors.
Tips in this article guide the reader to take optimum advantage of both these popular platforms.
Read the full ...
South East Labels: a Greener Supply Chain
2011-04-07
A new report by the Confederation of British Industry describes changes in labeling as a 'win win for businesses and consumers' and one that will help the UK meet its carbon reduction targets. South East Labels welcomes the report with its endorsement of clear labeling policies as a vital part of commercial success and environmental gains. The report offers particular encouragement for SMEs, which can often be quicker to seize the initiative, to innovate and therefore to gain market share and status.
The CBI report Buying into it: making the consumer case for low carbon ...
Structure formed by strep protein can trigger toxic shock
2011-04-07
VIDEO:
M1 joints (red) and fibrinogen struts (blue) form a scaffold. Dense assemblies trigger a pathological response that can lead to toxic shock.
Click here for more information.
Infection with some strains of strep turn deadly when a protein found on their surface triggers a widespread inflammatory reaction.
In a report published April 7 in the journal Nature, researchers describe the precise architecture of a superstructure formed when the bacterial protein called ...
Swiss Specialist Addresses Cell Society Members at Inaugural Scientific Summit in La Jolla
2011-04-07
Dr. Kai-Uwe Schlaudraff (www.concept-clinic.ch), a plastic surgeon who performs a wide range of plastic surgery procedures in Geneva, delivered a presentation on the topic of stem cell enriched fat transfer at the Cell Society's 1st Annual Clinical Meeting at the Estancia La Jolla Hotel & Spa in La Jolla, California. The meeting was held February 18 and 19, 2011.
"The desire to know more about the use of stem and regenerative cells in cosmetic medicine is widespread," says Dr. Schlaudraff. "Practitioners, patients and policy-makers worldwide must take an educated approach ...
New fusion gene plays role in some stomach cancers
2011-04-07
DURHAM, N.C. – A newly discovered hybrid gene appears to play a direct role in some stomach cancers, according to an international team of scientists led by researchers at Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore.
The hybrid gene is a fusion of two separate genes, and is one of the first described in gastric cancer, which is the most lethal malignancy worldwide after lung cancer. The disease kills an estimated 740,000 people a year, including nearly 11,000 annually in the United States.
The gene discovery may one day give doctors a more effective way to use current ...