Rosemont, Ill. – While obese patients are more likely to have surgical treatment for lumbar disc herniation – a slipped or ruptured disc – than nonobese patients, obesity increases operative time, blood loss and length of hospital stay, according to new research published in the January 2013 Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (JBJS). Overall, obese patients had poorer outcomes with surgical and nonsurgical treatments for lumbar disc herniation than nonobese patients. The study included 854 nonobese patients with a Body Mass Index (BMI) of less than 30 kg/m², and 336 ...

AUSTIN, Texas — The detailed changes in the structure of a virus as it infects an E. coli bacterium have been observed for the first time, report researchers from The University of Texas at Austin and The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health) Medical School this week in Science Express. To infect a cell, a virus must be able to first find a suitable cell and then eject its genetic material into its host. This robot-like process has been observed in a virus called T7 and visualized by Ian Molineux, professor of biology at The University of Texas ...

Scientists at the Texas Biomedical Research Institute have for the first time demonstrated that baboon embryonic stem cells can be programmed to completely restore a severely damaged artery. These early results show promise for eventually developing stem cell therapies to restore human tissues or organs damaged by age or disease. "We first cultured the stem cells in petri dishes under special conditions to make them differentiate into cells that are the precursors of blood vessels, and we saw that we could get them to form tubular and branching structures, similar to ...

(SACRAMENTO, Calif.) — People who are "apple-shaped" — with fat more concentrated around the abdomen — have long been considered more at risk for conditions such as heart disease and diabetes than those who are "pear-shaped" and carry weight more in the buttocks, hips and thighs. But new research conducted at UC Davis Health System published in The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism provides further evidence that the protective benefits of having a pear-body shape may be more myth than reality. The journal article posted online January 10 and will appear ...

LIVERMORE, Calif. -- An international collaboration including researchers from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory has discovered that the Earth's core formed under more oxidizing condition's than previously proposed. Through of series of laser-heated diamond anvil cell experiments at high pressure (350,000 to 700,000 atmospheres of pressure) and temperatures (5,120 to 7,460 degrees Fahrenheit), the team demonstrated that the depletion of siderophile (also known as "iron loving") elements can be produced by core formation under more oxidizing conditions than earlier ...

The spectacular barred spiral galaxy NGC 6872 has ranked among the biggest stellar systems for decades. Now a team of astronomers from the United States, Chile and Brazil has crowned it the largest-known spiral, based on archival data from NASA's Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) mission, which has since been loaned to the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena Measuring tip-to-tip across its two outsized spiral arms, NGC 6872 spans more than 522,000 light-years, making it more than five times the size of our Milky Way galaxy. "Without GALEX's ability to detect ...

PHOENIX — Described as a "big step forward" for research and treatment of Parkinson's disease, new research from Mayo Clinic in Arizona and Banner Sun Health Research Institute suggests that testing a portion of a person's saliva gland may be a way to diagnose the disease. The study was released today and will be presented at the American Academy of Neurology's annual meeting in San Diego in March. "There is currently no diagnostic test for Parkinson's disease," says study author Charles Adler, M.D., Ph.D., a neurologist with Mayo Clinic in Arizona. "We have previously ...

Availability of CT colonography (CTC), commonly known as virtual colonoscopy, is increasing colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rates across military medical facilities. Inclusion of CTC as a Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set® (HEDIS®)-compliant colorectal cancer (CRC) screening test can potentially raise overall screening rates, according to a study in the January issue of the Journal of the American College of Radiology. The National Committee for Quality Assurance developed HEDIS to provide quality measures for the evaluation of standards of medical ...

Boston, MA – Current standards for classifying foods as "whole grain" are inconsistent and, in some cases, misleading, according to a new study by Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH) researchers. One of the most widely used industry standards, the Whole Grain Stamp, actually identified grain products that were higher in both sugars and calories than products without the Stamp. The researchers urge adoption of a consistent, evidence-based standard for labeling whole grain foods to help consumers and organizations make healthy choices. This is the first study to empirically ...

CAMBRIDGE, MA -- An MIT researcher has developed a technique that provides a new way of manipulating heat, allowing it to be controlled much as light waves can be manipulated by lenses and mirrors. The approach relies on engineered materials consisting of nanostructured semiconductor alloy crystals. Heat is a vibration of matter — technically, a vibration of the atomic lattice of a material — just as sound is. Such vibrations can also be thought of as a stream of phonons — a kind of "virtual particle" that is analogous to the photons that carry light. The new approach ...

Alabama Divorce Can Impact Property and Insurance Coverage When a couple divorces, trying to disentangle their lives from one another can seem an almost insurmountable task. Many aspects of people's financial situations change after divorce, and they have to learn how to survive financially as single people, which can raise issues they may have not had to consider before. In many cases, spouses cannot agree on how to split up all of the things they have collected over the course of the marriage. When they cannot divide things in a manner suitable to both parties, the ...

Distracted driving: a growing concern in Nebraska Distracted driving is proving to be a major cause for concern on Nebraska roads. When drivers are not watching the roads, they are not able to react to sudden changes. A car may stop, a child may run to get a ball, or a deer could jump in front of the car without a distracted driver even noticing. Because distracted driving is a serious problem, officials in Nebraska are working on ways to better enforce laws and keep the roads safe. Major causes of accidents One source of distracted driving is the advancement of ...

IRS Revamps Eligibility Requirements for Offers in Compromise In 2011, the IRS began a "Fresh Start" initiative, offering a series of programs designed to help individual taxpayers and small businesses resolve tax debts with the IRS and avoid tax liens on their assets. As part of the Fresh Start initiative, the IRS announced in May 2012 that it was changing the eligibility requirements for the Offers in Compromise program. Taxpayers should understand what the Offer in Compromise program is and how the IRS has changed the requirements of the program. What ...

Prescription drug crimes on rise in North Carolina Federal and state government officials have been concerned with the growing number of prescription drug crimes that are happening nationwide. The increase in the use of pain medication has left many users addicted to these controlled substances, and they are engaging in sometimes violent acts in order to have access to these pills. New bills recently passed by Congress, such as the SAFE DOSES Act, have greatly increased the potential penalties that those convicted of federal drug crimes may be facing. These penalties ...

Strategic default an option for struggling homeowners The housing market in Las Vegas is slowly beginning to rebound. Each month it seems more and more people are deciding to become homeowners. When the recession hit, many homes lost a significant amount of their value. This allowed buyers to have many more affordable options when they were shopping for the right home. However, homeowners that decided to buy before the recession now find themselves in a very difficult situation. Henderson and Las Vegas had huge housing booms in the early 2000s, and many people moved ...

Shortage of water leading to disputes over use and access in Nevada Nevada's climate enables residents to enjoy outdoor activities all year long. Temperatures often exceed triple digits in the summer, but winters remain relatively mild. However, being in the middle of a desert, the Las Vegas metro area does not get a lot of rain. This means that any water sources will be heavily relied upon to provide for the entire region, making water rights that much more important. Most of Nevada's water comes from the Colorado River. Nevada is one of seven states that depend ...

A closer look at DACA: Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals This June, President Obama issued an executive order that defers the federal government's efforts to remove certain young people who came to the United States illegally as children. Currently, 1.26 million are eligible for deferment, and another half-million may become eligible in the future. What is DACA? Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals, or DACA, is considered by some to be the light version of the DREAM Act, which failed to pass in Congress. DACA targets young people who were brought to the ...

Financial Institutions Targeted in DOJ Money Laundering Crackdown The primary purpose of most criminal enterprises is to generate income. However, the monetary gains come with their own problems -- illicit profits cannot just be deposited in the bank. Instead, the income has to be "cleaned up" and made to look like it came from a legitimate source. This practice, commonly known as money laundering, has long been a favorite target of federal law enforcement officials. Traditionally, prosecutors have brought money laundering charges against those suspected ...

Despite signs of recovery, a long road ahead for Michigan economy Both in Michigan and around the country, the recovery from the Great Recession has been gaining steam in recent months. However, the pace of recovery has been uneven at best, and many Michigan residents remain in financial distress. In many regards, Michigan is seen as a leader in the nation's economic recovery. For instance, Michigan is outpacing most other states in terms of private sector employment growth, according to a December 2012 report released by Business Leaders for Michigan. Nevertheless, ...

Washington State bans synthetic marijuana and bath salts The Washington State Department of Health recently announced a ban on two substances that were legal up until now: synthetic marijuana and bath salts. The substances were commonly sold in tobacco and head shops as "Spice," "K-2," "Plant Food," Ivory Wave" and "White Lightening." The ban, which goes into effect no later than November 3, gives law enforcement the power to prosecute for the manufacture, distribution, sale and possession of these substances. According ...

Officials Investigating Fatal Bus Crash in Illinois The family of a young woman who died in an Illinois bus crash earlier this year has filed a wrongful death lawsuit against the driver and the bus company, the Chicago Tribune reported recently. The wrongful death case is the latest of several lawsuits filed in connection with the crash, which occurred on August 2, 2012 in Litchfield, Illinois. The double-decker Megabus, which was bound for St. Louis, was carrying 72 passengers and two drivers when it ran off the road and hit a concrete bridge support, killing one ...

Must store owners provide adequate security to New Jersey shoppers? When we run errands, we often will go to stores that we are familiar with, especially when close to home. We know where they keep the things we need, and we can then quickly return home afterward. Most of these trips happen without incident, because we know exactly what we need to do, and we feel safe when we are on their property. In New Jersey, property owners, especially those who own commercial businesses, are required to keep their property safe for those who visit. Stores need to be kept free ...

Injured in a motorcycle accident? Compensation may be available Motorcyclists know that they need to pay close attention whenever they are out on area roadways. The behavior of other motorists may make it necessary for a rider to make a quick move to avoid an accident. Sometimes, these accidents may be impossible to avoid, leaving the motorcyclist in a potentially dangerous position. Those who have been injured in motorcycle accidents may be able to receive compensation for their injuries. It will be important to learn the factors that caused the crash to happen to ...

Pet trusts can protect furry friends California law views pets as the property of the person who owns and cares for their animal companion. But pet owners know that their little friends are more than that; a pet is part of the family. While pets do not have the same rights as people, there is an ability for pet owners to provide for their beloved animals even after they are incapable of doing so themselves. Pet trusts are relatively new. In California, like other trusts, pet trusts are legally enforceable documents that give the trustee directions as to caring for ...

Defective Tires Blamed in Fatal Texas Car Crash There are a lot of reasons why car accidents happen. Sometimes, another driver makes a bad decision -- like speeding, texting or drunk driving -- that puts others on the road at risk. In other cases, though, the danger comes not from the driver, but from a problem with the vehicle itself. Automotive defects have the potential to cause serious, and even deadly, car accidents. All too often, the driver is not even aware of the defect until the vehicle malfunctions at highway speeds, causing the driver to lose control. Sadly, ...