COLUMBUS, Ohio – Using a prebiotic to influence bacterial activity in the gut after a traumatic brain injury may help reduce impulsive behavior, one of the common symptoms to follow a moderate blow to the head, a new study in rats suggests. Following up on previous work showing a connection between negative changes to gut bacteria after a traumatic brain injury (TBI) and poor decision making, researchers at The Ohio State University are now exploring whether the gut problems may actually cause some long-term symptoms. They found that adding the prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) to rat diets before and after ...

About The Study: In a cohort composed primarily of women with obesity, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) use with subsequent pre-pregnancy or early pregnancy discontinuation was associated with more gestational weight gain and a higher risk of preterm delivery, gestational diabetes, and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Corresponding Authors: To contact the corresponding authors, email Jacqueline Maya, MD, (jmaya@mgh.harvard.edu) and Camille E. Powe, MD, (camille.powe@mgh.harvard.edu). To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ (doi:10.1001/jama.2025.20951) Editor’s Note: Please ...

About The Study: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are increasingly used for postpartum weight loss since the introduction of semaglutide for weight loss in late 2022. Most users were overweight prior to pregnancy and only 23% had a documented diabetes diagnosis, suggesting that the primary indication for use was weight reduction. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Mette Bliddal, PhD, email mbliddal@health.sdu.dk. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ (doi:10.1001/jama.2025.20947) Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including ...

In a study led by researchers at Mass General Brigham, pregnant individuals who stopped taking popular weight loss GLP-1 medications before or early in their pregnancy tended to gain more weight and have higher risks of diabetes and hypertensive disorders during pregnancy, and experienced preterm delivery more so than people who had never taken GLP-1 drugs. The findings are published in JAMA. “The use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists—or GLP-1RAs—has increased dramatically, but recommendations suggest their discontinuation before pregnancy ...

New research reveals that people with untreated obstructive sleep apnea have a higher risk of developing Parkinson’s disease. However, they can significantly reduce the risk by improving the quality of their sleep by using continuous positive airway pressure, or CPAP. The study, which published today in the journal JAMA Neurology, examined electronic health records covering more than 11 million U.S. military veterans who received care through the Department of Veterans Affairs between 1999 and 2022. The research was led by Oregon Health & Science University ...

About The Study: This cohort study found that the prevalence of avoidant/restrictive food intake in the general pediatric population was substantial, and affected children had an associated elevated risk of developmental difficulties across multiple domains. The findings suggest a need for broad support interventions and advance understanding of the genetic underpinnings of avoidant/restrictive food intake.  Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Ludvig Daae Bjorndal, PhD, email l.d.bjorndal@psykologi.uio.no. To ...

About The Study: In this post hoc analysis of the SURMOUNT-4 trial, among participants with obesity who achieved weight reduction with 36-week tirzepatide (a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist) treatment, withdrawing tirzepatide led to 25% or greater weight regain in most participants within 1 year and was associated with a greater reversal of their initial cardiometabolic parameter improvements compared with those who maintained weight reduction. These findings underscore the importance of continued obesity treatment.  Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Clare J. Lee, MD, MHS, ...

About The Study: This cross-sectional study of the Global Burden of Disease 2021 study data found that, among the U.S. population of 332.7 million, disorders affecting nervous system health impacted 180.3 million U.S. individuals and were the top cause of disability. Conditions with the greatest collective disability were stroke, Alzheimer disease and other dementias, diabetic neuropathy, and migraine. The U.S. should prioritize efforts to combat these conditions with development and implementation of new and effective prevention strategies, therapeutics, and focused rehabilitation. Corresponding ...

About The Study: In this cohort of young adults, reducing social media use for 1 week was associated with reductions in symptoms of depression, anxiety, and insomnia; however, the durability of these therapeutic outcomes and their associations with behavior warrant further study, particularly in more diverse populations.  Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, John Torous, MD, MBI, email torous@bidmc.harvard.edu. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ (doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.45245) Editor’s Note: Please ...

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE AT 11 A.M. ET, MONDAY, NOVEMBER 24, 2025 Highlights: A new systematic analysis shows more than half the people living in the U.S., 54%, are affected by a neurological disease or disorder. Disorders of the nervous system impacted more than 180 million of the nearly 333 million Americans in 2021 and were the top cause of health loss in the U.S. The nervous system includes the brain, spinal cord and nerves. The most prevalent conditions were tension-type headache affecting 122 million Americans, migraine affecting 58 million and diabetic neuropathy affecting 17 million. The leading causes of health loss were stroke, Alzheimer’s disease and ...

LMU researchers uncover the mechanism by which ribosomes raise alarms in the cell. Ribosomes, the protein factories of the cell, are essential for all living organisms. They bind to mRNA and move along the messenger molecule, reading the genetic code as they go. Using this information, they link amino acids to make proteins. But their function goes far beyond pure production: Ribosomes are also important sensors for cellular stress and initiate protective reactions when problems arise. An international team led by Professor Roland Beckmann from LMU’s Gene Center ...

A new Doctoral Network coordinated by Tampere University has secured €4.4 million in funding from the European Union’s Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) programme. The High-Power Optical Vortices (HiPOVor) project will train 15 doctoral researchers in the generation, amplification and application of high-power optical vortex beams. The consortium has set an ambitious goal: to establish optical vortex beams as a key enabling technology for advanced light-matter interaction. Optical vortices – light beams carrying orbital angular momentum – open up unique possibilities for ultra-precise material processing, particle acceleration, high-capacity ...

WASHINGTON, D.C. — Eating a vegan diet increases consumption of plant-based foods—including those defined as “unhealthy” by the plant-based diet index—leading to greater weight loss than the Mediterranean diet, finds a new analysis by the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine published in Frontiers in Nutrition.  Avoiding animal products; eating foods like potatoes and refined grains, which are defined as “unhealthy” by the plant-based diet index; and avoiding added oils and nuts, which are defined as “healthy” by the plant-based diet ...

(Toronto, November 24, 2025) JMIR Publications, a leading publisher of academic journals dedicated to digital health and open science, today announced that it has joined the International Association of Scientific, Technical and Medical Publishers (STM), the global trade association for academic and professional publishers. In addition, JMIR Publications is integrating STM Integrity Hub into routine operations to further support the integrity and high quality of scholarly publishing and the published scientific record. STM Integrity Hub is a platform ...

The National Center for Supercomputing Applications was recognized for its outstanding achievements in two different domains in the annual HPCwire Readers’ and Editors’ Choice Awards announced at Supercomputing Conference 2025 (SC25) in St. Louis on November 17. It’s the 15th consecutive year NCSA has been honored with an HPCwire award. Both awards centered around research that utilized NCSA’s premier supercomputing systems Delta and DeltaAI. The first team published novel research on using artificial intelligence to monitor inaccessible locations of nuclear energy systems, enhancing their ...

New York, NY (November 24, 2025)—Researchers at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai have uncovered a new way to understand how children fare after liver transplantation: by focusing not on medical test results, but on how differently parents and children perceive the child’s well-being. The findings, published in The Journal of Pediatrics, come from the first multisite prospective trial to evaluate real-time discrepancies in patient-reported outcomes for pediatric liver transplant recipients. The study included 140 parent-child pairs across seven transplant centers in the United States ...

Some tumors are almost impossible to treat. That’s especially true for carcinomas, which don’t behave like other malignancies. Some of these tumors act as shapeshifters and start to resemble cells from other organs of the human body, such as skin. This bizarre behavior presents a challenge for existing therapies. “The tumors are notoriously plastic in their cellular identity,” says Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL) Professor Christopher Vakoc. Some may even change to escape cancer treatment. Recent ...

In the 21st century, as global trade expands and cargo volumes surge, ports face mounting pressure to operate efficiently. A key challenge lies in accurately predicting vessel turnaround time (VTT)—the period between a ship’s arrival and departure—which directly influences scheduling, congestion management, and energy use. Traditionally, forecasting methods have relied on static factors, such as vessel specifications or container volumes, which fail to capture the highly dynamic ...

Scientists have engineered a nanowire platform that mimics brain tissue to study astrocytes, the star-shaped cells critical for brain health, for the first time in their natural state. Astrocytes are the brain’s most abundent and mysterious cells, responsible for regulating communication between neurons and helping to maintain the blood-brain barrier. They are also highly dynamic shape-shifters, someething they do not do on typical petri dishes, leaving major gaps in our understanding of how they ...

**EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE UNTIL NOV. 24 AT 5 A.M. ET** An experimental cancer vaccine developed at the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center and its Bloomberg~Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy has shown early promise in a phase I clinical trial for a rare form of liver cancer that primarily affects children and young adults. The trial, led by investigators at Johns Hopkins and St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, was supported by the National Cancer Institute and the Fibrolamellar Cancer Foundation. In the study, 75% of participants (nine patients) with fibrolamellar carcinoma (FLC) experienced disease control, including stable disease or measurable immune responses. ...

A major genetic risk factor for delirium has been identified in a landmark study that analysed the DNA of more than one million people worldwide. The study found that APOE, a gene already well known for its role in Alzheimer’s disease, also increases a person’s risk of developing delirium – a common medical condition characterised by a state of sudden mental confusion. Experts say this effect cannot be explained solely by the gene’s link to dementia, suggesting it also plays a distinctive, direct role in delirium. The ...

Humans have long wondered when and how we begin to form thoughts. Are we born with a pre-configured brain, or do thought patterns only begin to emerge in response to our sensory experiences of the world around us? Now, science is getting closer to answering the questions philosophers have pondered for centuries.  Researchers at the University of California, Santa Cruz, are using tiny models of human brain tissue, called organoids, to study the earliest moments of electrical activity in the brain. A new study in Nature Neuroscience finds that the earliest firings of the brain ...

Researchers have successfully grown platinum crystals in liquid metal, using a powerful X-ray technique giving rare insight into how these delicate crystals form and grow. More than a beautiful curiosity, liquid metal-grown crystals could be the key to creating new materials. They are potentially a vital ingredient in new technology being developed to extract hydrogen from water and in quantum computing applications.   Published in Nature Communications, the University of Sydney led team used metallic crystals to build an electrode that can efficiently produce hydrogen from water. Liquid metals like Gallium are curious elements. They shimmer on the surface like solid metals ...

When a wild orangutan leaves its mother after spending many years by her side, it has a mental catalog of almost 250 edible plants and animals, and the knowledge of how to acquire and process them. A new study in Nature Human Behaviour reveals that no lone orangutan could build this encyclopedic knowledge through trial and error. Instead, this knowledge forms a “culturally-dependent repertoire”— a diverse set of knowledge that is only attainable through years of watching and exploring alongside others. As humans, ...

Sixty-million-year-old rock samples from deep under the ocean have revealed how huge amounts of carbon dioxide are stored for millennia in piles of lava rubble that accumulate on the seafloor. Scientists have analysed lavas drilled from deep under the South Atlantic Ocean to understand how much CO2 is captured within the rocks due to reactions between the rocks and ocean. The research, led by the University of Southampton, found that piles of lava rubble, formed due to erosion of seafloor mountains, form geological sponges for CO2. It’s the first time the role of lava rubble as carbon sponges ...