In a new report released today, American Cancer Society (ACS) researchers discovered mixed progress in major cancer risk factors, preventive behaviors, and screenings in the post-COVID-19 pandemic period among adults in the United States. Smoking rates continued a long-term declining trend during the COVID-19 pandemic, but 27 million adults still smoked in 2023. Breast and colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rebounded after decreasing or stalling during the pandemic. However, past-year cervical cancer screening remained lower than pre-pandemic levels, continuing a disappointing pattern in up-to-date screening in the past two decades. ...

Lake Okeechobee, Florida’s largest freshwater lake, plays a vital role in the state’s ecosystem and water management. Spanning 730 square miles with an average depth of just 9 feet, it serves as a crucial water source for agriculture and flood control. Connected to the Everglades through canals, it’s also a popular destination for fishing, boating and birdwatching. However, the lake faces increasing harmful cyanobacteria blooms, particularly from the toxin-producing species Microcystis aeruginosa. These microscopic algae thrive in warm, nutrient-rich waters and can form harmful algal blooms. Known for their diel (daily) vertical migration, cyanobacteria move up ...

WASHINGTON—The Endocrine Society has selected Yoshitomo Hoshino, M.D., Ph.D., as the recipient of its 2025 C. Wayne Bardin, M.D., International Travel Award for his outstanding ENDO abstract and research contributions to the care of patients with bone health disorders. The C. Wayne Bardin, M.D., International Travel Award was created in honor of Past President Wayne Bardin, who made remarkable research contributions to both reproductive physiology and contraception throughout his long career. As the winner, Hoshino received a $3,000 travel grant for ENDO and complimentary meeting registration. Hoshino ...

Ophiocordyceps sinensis (Berk.), also known as the Chinese caterpillar fungus, is a revered traditional medicine with a rich history of use in Chinese culture for over 700 years. Endemic to the Tibetan Plateau and surrounding high-altitude regions, it is particularly valued for its potent bioactive compounds, including polysaccharides, alkaloids, and nucleosides. This fungus, which parasitizes the larvae of moths, has attracted significant commercial interest due to its medicinal properties, such as immune enhancement, anti-inflammatory effects, and its role in promoting general well-being. However, its limited natural supply due to harsh growing ...

Conservators and museum technicians protect precious archaeological metal objects, such as tools and weapons, with clear coatings, leaving preserved and unobstructed views of these detailed treasures. However, researchers have reported in ACS Central Science that some of the resins used for these coatings react with iron-containing metals and can cause damage. The team developed a non-invasive fluorescence imaging strategy that reveals early signs of these damaging chemical reactions and confirmed its utility on ancient artifacts.   Polymer coatings, including acrylic resins, are commonly used to protect metal artifacts from ...

High-resolution, full-color display devices like foldable mobile phones and ultrathin television sets use organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Compared to other display technologies, OLEDs offer flexibility, self-lighting, low weight, thinness, superior contrast, and low voltage displays, attracting considerable attention in recent years. OLEDs comprise multiple layers of organic ultrathin films sandwiched between electrodes, each with specific functions inside the device. During the operation of an OLED device, charge accumulation and light emissions likely occur at the interface ...

Media Contact: John Dudley (814) 490-3290 (cell) jjdudley@usf.edu Click here for images, captions and a PDF of the journal article What rattlesnake venom can teach us about evolution USF researchers find that island snakes adapt their venom in surprising ways, offering new clues about how animals evolve in changing environments TAMPA, Fla. (Embrgoed for publication until April 23, 2025) – Researchers at the University of South Florida are uncovering new clues about how animals evolve by studying rattlesnake venom — and what they’ve found could ...

In 2021, research led by Ryan Flynn, MD, PhD, and his mentor, Nobel laureate Carolyn Bertozzi, PhD, opened a new chapter in biology, characterizing a new kind of player on the cell surface: glycoRNAs. Extending this discovery recently in Cell, Flynn and colleagues showed that glycoRNAs form highly organized clusters with RNA-binding proteins on the cell surface. These clusters appear to regulate communication between cells and their environment. Now, reporting in Nature Biotechnology, Flynn’s team in the Stem Cell Program at Boston Children’s Hospital and Dana-Farber/Boston Children's ...

In metamaterials design, the name of the game has long been “stronger is better.”  Metamaterials are synthetic materials with microscopic structures that give the overall material exceptional properties. A huge focus has been in designing metamaterials that are stronger and stiffer than their conventional counterparts. But there’s a trade-off: The stiffer a material, the less flexible it is.  MIT engineers have now found a way to fabricate a metamaterial that is both strong and stretchy. The base material is typically highly rigid and brittle, but it is printed ...

A bacteria killing coating created by scientists has been used in trials of a new paint that can be applied to a range of surfaces to effectively kill bacteria and viruses, including difficult to kill species such as MRSA, flu and COVID-19. Scientists at the University of Nottingham’s School of Pharmacy have trialled a new paint-on resin product that incorporates bacteria killing chlorhexidine, which is often used by dentists to treat mouth infections and for pre-surgical cleaning.  The team have worked with Indestructible Paint to create a prototype antimicrobial paint using this new material and have found it effectively activates when dried ...

Kyoto, Japan -- Smartphones may often feel like a source of stress, feeding us an endless stream of bad news and social comparison. But what if they could also be the solution? A team of researchers from Kyoto University believes they can be. The team has developed a smartphone app that delivers core techniques of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)—a proven treatment for depression and anxiety—straight into the hands of users, and tested it in the largest-ever individually randomized trial of its kind. Their ...

The Report: Contrary to common perceptions, the peak in global anti-Jewish hatred was immediately after the October 7 attack, and not as the war progressed. A particularly alarming rise was recorded in Australia. Increases were also observed in the United States, Italy, Spain, Canada, Argentina, and Brazil. According to the Report, only a negligible percentage of complaints regarding antisemitic hate crimes have led to arrests and indictments; “Education and legislation without enforcement are meaningless”. On the eve of Holocaust Remembrance Day, the Center for the Study of Contemporary European Jewry and the Irwin Cotler Institute for Democracy, Human Rights ...

Current AI Risks More Alarming than Apocalyptic Future Scenarios Most people generally are more concerned about the immediate risks of artificial intelligence than they are about a theoretical future in which AI threatens humanity. A new study by the University of Zurich reveals that respondents draw clear distinctions between abstract scenarios and specific tangible problems and particularly take the latter very seriously. There is a broad consensus that artificial intelligence is associated with risks, but ...

Addressing the challenges of fragrance design, researchers at Institute of Science Tokyo (Science Tokyo) have developed an AI model that can automate the creation of new fragrances based on user-defined scent descriptors. The model uses mass spectrometry profiles of essential oils and corresponding odor descriptors to generate essential oil blends for new scents. This breakthrough is a game-changer for the fragrance industry, moving beyond trial-and-error, enabling rapid and scalable fragrance production. Designing new fragrances is crucial ...

People with Alzheimer’s disease may retain their ability to empathise, despite declines in other social abilities, finds a new study led by University College London (UCL) researchers. The researchers found that people with Alzheimer’s disease scored slightly higher on a measure of empathy than peers of the same age with mild cognitive impairment, despite scoring worse on other measures of social cognition such as recognising facial emotions and understanding the thoughts of others. The authors of the study, published in Alzheimer’s & Dementia ...

Primal world beliefs (“primals”) capture understanding of general characteristics of the world, such as whether the world is “Good,” “Safe,” and “Enticing.” In a new study, researchers analyzed responses from children, mothers, fathers and then later, young adults in Colombia, Italy, Jordan, Kenya, Philippines, Sweden, Thailand, and the United States to learn about their world beliefs.  Through a larger project called Parenting Across Cultures, children ages 8-16 years old (50% female) and their mothers and fathers, reported responses about neighborhood danger, socioeconomic status, parental ...

Research published in the Journal of Management Studies provides new insights on how parental leave policies, involving their time and money components, might affect whether mothers start a new business. Contrary to the common belief that generous parental leave discourages entrepreneurship, the study finds that offering more time off through parental leave can promote mothers’ entrepreneurship. In two complementary studies, the researchers found that the duration of parental leave—yet not the amount of money paid—seems to shape mothers’ entrepreneurial activity. ...

A study published in Aging Cell has identified immune resilience as a key driver of salutogenesis—the active process of promoting health and well-being. By analyzing data from 17,500 individuals across various life stages, investigators uncovered the importance of immune resilience involving TCF7, a gene essential for maintaining immune cell regenerative potential, in fostering healthy aging and longevity. The research indicates that immune resilience counters three major factors of aging and mortality: chronic inflammation, immune ...

Hip replacement surgery, or total hip arthroplasty (THA), can lessen pain and improve function in individuals with hip osteoarthritis, but some patients continue to experience long-term physical deficits—including muscle weakness, decreased functional mobility, and increased fall risk—after the procedure. New research published in the Journal of Orthopaedic Research reveals that a patient’s muscle quality before THA may predict their risk of such suboptimal recovery after surgery. In the study, 10 people undergoing THA underwent imaging tests before surgery. Patients whose imaging results indicated poor muscle quality were more likely to ...

Results from a study published in Brain and Behavior suggest that traumatic events may contribute to the development of eating disorders among Palestinians. Also, certain sociodemographic factors—such as educational level, gender, region, and age—were linked to a greater likelihood of experiencing eating disorders. In the study of 580 adults, including 320 males and 260 females, who were recruited online, individuals who reported living through traumatic events were more likely to experience restraint eating, eating concern, weight ...

New research published in BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology found that mothers who are anemic in early pregnancy face a higher likelihood of giving birth to a child with a heart defect. The study assessed the health records of 2,776 women with a child diagnosed with congenital heart disease who were matched to 13,880 women whose children did not have this condition. Investigators found that 4.4% of children with congenital heart disease and 2.8% of children with normal heart function had anemia. After adjusting for potential influencing factors, the odds of giving birth to a child with congenital heart disease was 47% higher among anemic mothers. “We ...

The back-and-forth shift in climate policy between the Biden and Trump administrations has created uncertainty about future directions related to addressing climate change. A new study in International Studies of Economics examined the impact of climate policy uncertainty on world energy stock returns. The study found that a rise in climate policy uncertainty causes stocks to plummet in individual countries, regions, and the world energy stock markets, as investors perceive that climate policy uncertainty could ...

Multiple climate “tipping points” are likely to be triggered if global policies stay on their current course, new research shows. Scientists assessed the risk of “tipping” in 16 different parts of the Earth system – ranging from the collapse of major ice sheets to the dieback of tropical coral reefs and vast forests. Based on current policies and the resulting global warming, their most conservative estimate is a 62% risk of triggering these tipping points on average. However, more sustainable future pathways – with lower greenhouse gas emissions – significantly ...

Colm Nestor, senior associate professor in medical genetics, has been awarded the 2025 Onkel Adam Prize for outstanding research at the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences at Linköping University, Sweden. One of his research areas is gender differences in susceptibility to autoimmune diseases and infections. Having studied both plant biology and programming, Colm Nestor happened to have the right skills at the right time. He had just finished his undergraduate programme at the turn of the millennium when the human genome was mapped through ...

Ann Arbor, April 23, 2025 - An analysis using data from the US National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) has found that in homicides with police shooters, victims have been shot far more times than in homicides with civilians as shooters. The new study, appearing in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine, published by Elsevier, showed that individuals aged 25 to 44, Black people, and those living outside the Northeast region of the US tend to be disproportionately killed by police as well as sustain a higher number of bullet wounds. Lead investigator Vageesh Jain, MBBS, MPH, FFPH, Harvard Injury Control Research Center, Harvard T.H ...