Semaglutide effectively treats liver disease in two thirds of patients, new research has found. Results from the ESSENCE phase 3 clinical trial published today in the New England Journal of Medicine shows treating patients with the substance can halt and even reverse the disease. The placebo-controlled outcome trial of participants with a life-threatening form of liver disease known as Metabolic dysfunction associated steatohepatitis (MASH) was conducted at 253 clinical sites across 37 countries around the world. This is the first regulatory-level trial showing the benefit ...

An investigational gene therapy has successfully restored immune function in all nine children treated with the rare and life-threatening immune disorder called severe leukocyte adhesion deficiency-I, or LAD-I, in an international clinical trial co-led by UCLA. LAD-I is a genetic condition that affects approximately one in a million people in the world. It is caused by mutations in the gene that produces CD18, a protein that enables white blood cells to travel from the bloodstream to infection sites. In the absence of this critical protein, individuals with severe LAD-I — most of whom are diagnosed within ...

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE 5 PM EDT, APRIL 30 CONTACT: A.J. Hostetler VCU Stravitz-Sanyal Institute for Liver Disease and Metabolic Health Phone: 804-543-8656 (cell) Email: AJ.Hostetler@vcuhealth.org   VCU-led research highlights semaglutide’s potential for treating fatty liver disease International study shows drug reverses liver damage in patients. RICHMOND, Va. (April 30, 2025) – An international study led by the director of Virginia Commonwealth University’s liver institute suggests that the substance in Ozempic and Wegovy can halt and even reverse a common liver disease that affects millions worldwide. Led by Arun Sanyal, M.D., of the Stravitz-Sanyal Institute ...

MINNEAPOLIS — People whose biological age is higher than their chronological age may be more likely to develop dementia than people whose biological age matches or is lower than their chronological age, according to a study published on April 30, 2025, online in Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology. Biological age is based on biomarkers of aging such as lung function, blood pressure and cholesterol. The study does not prove that advanced biological age causes dementia; it only shows an association. “With the rising impact of dementia around the world, identifying risk factors and implementing preventive ...

Researchers with the University of Calgary and the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) led an international collaboration that found inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) progresses through four predictable epidemiological stages as it spreads globally. Published in Nature, the study forecasts a major rise in IBD prevalence in Canada by 2045. Researchers say pinpointing where each region sits on the trajectory gives health-care systems a clear roadmap for anticipating and managing IBD today and in the decades to follow. “Our analysis draws on a century worth of historical epidemiologic data. The findings enable health authorities ...

The Ecological Society of America is pleased to announce its 2025 Fellows. The Society’s fellowship program recognizes the many ways in which its members contribute to ecological research, communication, education, management and policy. This year, the ESA Governing Board has confirmed eight new Fellows and ten new Early Career Fellows. Fellows are members who have made outstanding contributions to a wide range of fields served by ESA, including, but not restricted to, those that advance or apply ecological knowledge in academics, ...

Critically endangered axolotls bred in captivity appear able to survive release into both artificial and restored Mexican wetlands, but may need specific temperatures to thrive     Article URL: https://plos.io/3RSL1bu Article title: Movement ecology of captive-bred axolotls in restored and artificial wetlands: Conservation insights for amphibian reintroductions and translocations Author countries: Mexico Funding: This project was funded by UNAM PAPIIT No. 705 IV200117 and IV210117 Programa de Apoyo a Proyectos de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica (PAPIIT-IV200117) ...

Tunnel vision during planning can lead us to neglect negative consequences, but this cognitive bias can be addressed by simply prompting people to explicitly consider them     Article URL: https://plos.io/42yZBtL Article title: Side effects may include: Consequence neglect in generating solutions Author countries: U.S. Funding: The author(s) received no specific funding for this work. END ...

Human populations need at least 2.7 children per woman – a much higher fertility rate than previously believed – to reliably avoid long-term extinction, according to a new study published April 30, 2025 in the open-access journal PLOS One by Takuya Okabe of Shizuoka University, Japan, and colleagues. While a fertility rate of 2.1 children per woman is often considered the replacement level needed to sustain a population, this figure doesn’t account for random differences in how many children people have – as well as mortality ...

Researchers at Mass General Brigham have identified new biomarkers for tinnitus by measuring pupil dilation and subtle facial movements that correlate with the level of distress caused by the disorder. Published in Science Translational Medicine, the findings could lead to placebo-controlled treatment studies that have largely been not feasible due to lack of objective measures. “Imagine if cancer severity were determined by giving patients a questionnaire – this is the state of affairs for some common neurological disorders like tinnitus,” said corresponding author Daniel Polley, ...

An AI tool has made a step forward in translating the language proteins use to dictate whether they form sticky clumps similar to those linked to Alzheimer’s Disease and around fifty other types of human disease. In a departure from typical “black-box” AI models, the new tool, CANYA, was designed to be able to explain its decisions, revealing the specific chemical patterns that drive or prevent harmful protein folding.  The discovery, published today in the journal Science Advances, was possible thanks to the largest-ever dataset on protein aggregation created to date. The study gives new insights about the molecular mechanisms underpinning sticky proteins, which are ...

Mounting evidence supports ayahuasca’s potential to improve mental health, but its long-term effects are shaped by both individual mental health history and the context in which the psychedelic is used, according to a study published on April 30, 2025 in the open-access journal PLOS Mental Health by Óscar Andión from Research Sherpas, Spain; José Carlos Bouso from the International Centre for Ethnobotanical Education, Research, and Services (ICEERS) and the University of Rovira i Virgili, Spain; Daniel Perkins from the University of Melbourne and Swinburne University; and colleagues. Ayahuasca, a psychedelic medicine traditionally ...

National-level policies can reduce the impact of antibiotic resistance across diverse countries, according to a study published April 30, 2025 in the open-access journal PLOS Global Public Health by Peter Søgaard Jørgensen from Stockholm University and the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Sweden, and colleagues. Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern, contributing to 1.27 million deaths per year. In 2016, countries around the world committed to developing and implementing national action plans to combat antibiotic resistance. These plans have been criticized ...

Object recognition software is used by law enforcement to help identify suspects, by self-driving cars to navigate roadways and by many consumers to unlock their cell phones or pay for their morning coffee. Now, researchers led by the University of Cincinnati’s Anna Kruyer and the University of Houston’s Demetrio Labate have applied object recognition technology to track changes in brain cell structure and provide new insights into how the brain responds to heroin use, withdrawal and relapse. The research was published April 30 in the journal Science Advances. Study ...

  A new “atlas” developed by researchers at Duke University School of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, and the University of Pittsburgh will increase precision in measuring changes in brain structure and make it easier to share results for scientists working to understand neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease.   The tool, the Duke Mouse Brain Atlas, combines microscopic resolution, three-dimensional images from three different techniques to create a detailed map of the entire mouse brain, from large structures down to individual cells and circuits.  “This ...

Fish are masters of coordinated motion. Schools of fish have no leader, yet individuals manage to stay in formation, avoid collisions, and respond with liquid flexibility to changes in their environment. Reproducing this combination of robustness and flexibility has been a long-standing challenge for human engineered systems like robots. Now, using virtual reality for freely-moving fish, a research team based in Konstanz has taken an important step towards that goal. “Our work illustrates that solutions evolved by nature over millennia can inspire robust and efficient control laws in engineered systems,” said first author Liang Li from the University of Konstanz. Co-author ...

A new study, led by Peter Søgaard Jørgensen from the Stockholm Resilience Centre at Stockholm University, reveals that while global cooperation remains essential, countries have more power than previously believed to reduce antibiotic resistance through effective domestic interventions. Currently only a handful of countries are taking sufficient action. The study is the first to assess the level of government intervention needed to improve the worsening situation on antibiotic resistance across 73 countries. The researchers find strong associations between the level of action a country reports and whether antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance increased during a ...

A type of virus thought to be a ‘mere curiosity’ is plentiful in one common bacteria, and possibly others, a Monash University-led research team has found.  The discovery improves understanding of how viruses work and could mean this particular virus is also common in other types of bacteria. Published in Science Advances, the study looked at bacteriophages (phages), which are viruses that infect bacteria and come in many forms. In particular, researchers investigated telomere phages, a ...

In a landmark achievement for fusion energy, ITER has completed all components for the world’s largest, most powerful pulsed superconducting electromagnet system. ITER is an international collaboration of more than 30 countries to demonstrate the viability of fusion—the power of the sun and stars—as an abundant, safe, carbon-free energy source for the planet.  The final component was the sixth module of the Central Solenoid, built and tested in the United States. When it is assembled at the ITER site in Southern France, the Central Solenoid will be ...

Scientists have discovered, for the first time how root cells respond to their complex soil environment revealing that roots actively sense their microenvironment and mount precise, cell-specific molecular responses. The findings could help the development crops that are resistant to climate stress. In a study published in Nature, an international team of plant scientists and engineers from the University of Nottingham have worked with teams in the USA and Belgium. The team used cutting-edge spatial and single-cell transcriptomics to compare rice roots grown in conventional gel-based media with those grown in heterogeneous natural ...

Seattle, WASH.—April 30, 2025—An experiment seven years in the making has uncovered new insights into the nature of consciousness and challenges two prominent, competing scientific theories: Integrated Information Theory (IIT) and Global Neuronal Workspace Theory (GNWT). The findings were published today in Nature and mark a pivotal moment in the goal to understand the elusive origins consciousness.  IIT suggests that consciousness emerges when information inside a system (like the brain) is highly connected and unified, for as long as the information is consciously perceived, acting as a single whole. On the other ...

About The Study: In this cross-sectional study, commercial nontobacco nicotine use in U.S. 10th and 12th graders shifted from 2023 to 2024, marked by a doubling in nicotine pouch past-30-day use, an increase in pouch plus e-cigarette dual use, and a decrease in exclusive e-cigarette use. Prioritizing surveillance, regulation, and prevention addressing pediatric nicotine pouch use warrants consideration. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Adam M. Leventhal, PhD, email adam.leventhal@usc.edu. To access the embargoed study: Visit ...

About The Study: Exposure to high levels of smoke pollution was associated with an increase in hospitalizations for respiratory diseases in this cohort study. These findings underscore the need for interventions to mitigate the health impacts of wildfire smoke exposure. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Rachel C. Nethery, PhD, email rnethery@hsph.harvard.edu. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ (doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.7956) Editor’s Note: Please ...

Mount Sinai researchers have identified for the first time the neural mechanisms in the brain that regulate both positive and negative impressions of a social encounter, as well as how an imbalance between the two could lead to common neuropsychiatric disorders like autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia. The study, published April 30 in Nature, also describes how activating a serotonin receptor in the brain of a mouse model ofASD restored positive emotional value (also known as “valence”), with encouraging implications for the development of future therapies. “The ability to recognize and distinguish unpleasant from pleasant interactions ...

The use of nicotine pouches — small, easily concealed sachets of nicotine and additives that are placed between the gum and lip — nearly doubled among U.S. high school students between 2023 and 2024, according to a new USC study. The research, involving surveys of more than 10,000 teens from around the country, appears in JAMA Network Open. “This growing public health issue needs more attention. Like flavored e-cigarettes when they first emerged, use of this new oral nicotine product is becoming more widespread, particularly among adolescents,” said ...