The risk of skin cancer, malignant melanoma, now appears to be decreasing in Sweden - at least in those under 50, according to a new study. “We can see a trend break in young adults around 2015 where the incidence curves are falling,” says first author Hildur Helgadottir, senior consultant and associate professor of oncology at the Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet. She and her research colleagues have analyzed data from the Swedish Melanoma Registry and followed melanoma incidence and mortality for different age segments over time. This means that they have compared individuals in a certain age range at one ...

The chatbot ChatGPT performed better than trainee doctors in assessing complex cases of respiratory disease in areas such as cystic fibrosis, asthma and chest infections in a study presented at the European Respiratory Society (ERS) Congress in Vienna, Austria [1].   The study also showed that Google’s chatbot Bard performed better than trainees in some aspects and Microsoft’s Bing chatbot performed as well as trainees.   The research suggests that these large language models (LLMs) could be used to support trainee doctors, nurses and general practitioners to triage patients more quickly and ease pressure on health services.   The ...

Night owls have a higher BMI, larger waists, more hidden body fat and are almost 50% more likely to develop type 2 diabetes (T2D) than those who go to bed earlier, new research to be presented at the Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) in Madrid, Spain (9-13 September), has found. Lead researcher Dr Jeroen van der Velde, of Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands, says: “Previous studies have indicated that a late chronotype – preferring to go to bed late and wake up later – is associated with an unhealthy lifestyle. Late chronotypes are ...

Altitude changes during commercial flights may affect the blood glucose levels of people with type 1 diabetes who are treated with insulin pump therapy, according to new research to be presented at this year’s Annual Meeting of The European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD), Madrid (9-13 Sept). “We investigated the effect atmospheric pressure changes during flight can have on insulin pumps following concerns that glucose levels may drop below the normal ranges during or immediately after flights,” explained lead author Dr Ka Siu Fan from the Royal Surry County Hospital and University ...

New research being presented at the annual meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) in Madrid, Spain (9-13 September), shows that eating fruit, oats and rye in childhood is associated with a higher risk of developing type 1 diabetes (T1D). Eating berries, however, is linked to lower odds of developing the condition. T1D is an autoimmune condition in which the immune system attacks and destroys the insulin-producing islet cells in the pancreas.  This prevents the body from producing enough of the hormone insulin to properly regulate blood sugar levels. What triggers the immune system’s attack is unknown but is thought to involve a combination ...

Patients who are being treated with systemic glucocorticoids are more than twice as likely to develop diabetes as those not receiving the treatment, the Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) in Madrid, Spain (9-13 September) will hear. Glucocorticoids (sometimes known as steroids) fight inflammation and are used to treat a wide range of inflammatory and autoimmune conditions, including asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, cancers and other medical problems. While they can be very effective in decreasing inflammation, glucocorticoids have many adverse effects including ...

(San Diego, Calif--September 8, 2024, 10:05 a.m. PCT) – New data from landmark analysis presented today report a decreased risk of disease recurrence or death in patients with resectable NSCLC who received adjuvant nivolumab following neoadjuvant nivolumab plus chemotherapy and surgery compared to those who received only neoadjuvant nivolumab plus chemotherapy. The data was reported at the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer 2024 World Conference on Lung Cancer. This is the first analysis of individual patient-level data from two phase 3 trials, CheckMate 77T and CheckMate 816, to examine which patients may derive benefit from ...

(San Diego, Calif.--September 8, 2024, 10:05 a.m. PCT) – New data presented today reveals that the PanCan nodule management protocol demonstrates superior performance in triaging lung cancer screening participants compared to the LungRADSv1.1 approach. Specifically, PanCan showed improved risk stratification and  reduced the number of low-dose computed tomography(CT) scans required. The research was reported by Dr. Annette McWilliams, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Australia at the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer 2024 World Conference on Lung Cancer. The ...

(San Diego, Calif.--September 8, 2024, 10:05 a.m. PCT) – New data presented today demonstrate that TROP2 expression as measured by quantitative continuous scoring (QCS), a computational pathology approach, is a promising predictor of clinical outcomes in patients with advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with the TROP2 antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) datopotamab deruxtecan (Dato-DXd). The data showed that patients with TROP2 positivity, as determined by QCS, experienced improved efficacy with Dato-DXd compared to patients receiving docetaxel ...

(San Diego, Calif--September 8, 2024, 8:30 a.m.) — Data from a Phase 3 study revealed that ivonescimab demonstrates a statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in progression-free survival compared to pembrolizumab for patients with PD-L1-positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer.  The results were presented today at  the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) 2024 World Conference on Lung Cancer. The HARMONi-2 study randomized 398 patients ...

(San Diego, Calif. September 8, 2024 10:05 a.m. PCT) – Phase 2 results from the NeoCOAST-2 study demonstrated that the combination of durvalumab with Dato-DXd yielded the highest pathological complete response rates among the tested regimens. The data was presented at the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) 2024 World Conference on Lung Cancer by Dr. Tina Cascone, from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston. “The findings highlight the potential of combining durvalumab with novel anticancer agents to build on what we have learned in the perioperative immunotherapy arena for patients with ...

People with operable non-small cell lung cancers may fare better over the next few years by receiving immunotherapy treatments before and after surgery instead of only before surgery, according to a new analysis by Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center investigators. For the study, researchers compared health outcomes among 147 participants in the CheckMate 816 study — in which patients received three cycles of the immunotherapy nivolumab plus chemotherapy before surgery (neoadjuvant) — with results of 139 participants in the CheckMate 77T trial, in which patients received up to four cycles of nivolumab plus chemotherapy ...

Young people who vape perform worse than non-vapers in tests designed to measure their capacity for exercise, according to a study presented at the European Respiratory Society (ERS) Congress in Vienna, Austria [1]. The research also showed that the performance of young vapers was similar to that of young smokers.   The study adds to growing evidence that long-term use of vaping is harmful and challenges the idea that vaping could be a healthier alternative to smoking.   The research was presented by Dr Azmy Faisal, senior lecturer in cardiorespiratory physiology in the department of sport and exercise sciences at Manchester Metropolitan ...

Spending time with a medical clown can shorten the length of hospital stay for children with pneumonia, according to research presented at the European Respiratory Society (ERS) Congress in Vienna, Austria [1]. They can also reduce the duration of intravenous antibiotic use. The study was presented by Dr Karin Yaacoby-Bianu from Carmel Medical Center and the Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel. She explains: “Medical clowns undergo specific training to work in hospitals. They have been shown to reduce ...

A new research report released today has identified an important shift in how employees choose to engage in the workforce, as they increasingly seek flexibility and opportunities to tailor work schedules and locations to their needs. The ninth report in the Gender Equity Insights Series from the Bankwest Curtin Economics Centre (BCEC) and the Workplace Gender Equality Agency (WGEA) provides an in-depth analysis of the evolving nature of part-time work and implications of this change for the future of work in Australia. Despite Australia having one of the highest shares of part-time employment across OECD countries, ...

Insulin resistance is associated with 31 different diseases and, in women, is also linked to higher odds of an early death, a study of data on hundreds of thousands of people in the UK being presented at the Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) in Madrid, Spain (9-13 September), has found. The conference will hear that there is compelling evidence of links between insulin resistance and conditions as diverse as Parkinson’s diease, gout and sciatica. Insulin resistance, when the body’s cells don’t respond properly to insulin and can’t easily take up glucose from blood, is a key feature ...

French researchers have developed a new drug delivery system that could cut the dosing schedule for the type 2 diabetes and weight control drug semaglutide to just once a month, according to new research to be presented at this year’s annual meeting of The European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD), Madrid (9-13 Sept). “Glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist (GLP-1) drugs have transformed type 2 diabetes care, but weekly injections can be burdensome for patients. A single shot a month could make it much easier for people living with diabetes or obesity to stick to their drug regimens, improving quality of life and reducing side effects and diabetes complications,” ...

Weight loss interventions could reduce the risk of severe cases of flu and other infections in people with diabetes, new research being presented at the annual meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) in Madrid, Spain (9-13 September) suggests. The study, from Rhian Hopkins and Ethan de Villiers, of the University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK, found evidence to suggest that a higher BMI is a cause of severe infections. In contrast, there was no evidence that mild hyperglycamia contributes ...

Long-term exposure to air pollution and a lack of access to green spaces increases the risk of hospitalisation for respiratory conditions, according to a study presented at the European Respiratory Society (ERS) Congress in Vienna, Austria [1]. Traffic-related air pollution is also strongly linked to the progression from asthma to asthma-COPD, according to a second study also presented at the ERS Congress [2]. Previous research has linked air pollution to an increase in respiratory conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and ...

Research Highlights: Favorable cardiovascular health in early pregnancy, as measured by the American Heart Association’s Life’s Essential 8 (LE8) cardiovascular health score, was linked to lower risk of preeclampsia and gestational hypertension, otherwise known as hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.   The lower risk among study participants was consistent across different levels of genetic risk for these disorders. Note: The studies featured in this news release are research abstracts. Abstracts presented at the American Heart Association’s scientific meetings are not peer-reviewed, ...

(San Diego, Calif.--September 7, 2024, 8:30 a.m. PCT) — Research presented today suggests an artificial intelligence tool called DeepGEM may provide an advancement in genomic testing that offers an accurate, cost-effective, and timely method for gene mutation prediction from histopathology slides. The research was presented today at the IASLC 2024 World Conference on Lung Cancer by Professor Wenhua Liang, from the China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China. Accurate ...

(San Diego, Calif.--September 7, 2024, 8:30 a.m. PDT)--The antibody–drug conjugate ifinatamab deruxtecan (I-DXd) showed clinically meaningful responses in pretreated patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC), according to an interim analysis of the Phase 2 IDeate-Lung01 study.  The data was presented today at the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) 2024 World Conference on Lung Cancer. Patients with ES-SCLC face poor outcomes and have limited treatment options. B7 homolog 3 (B7-H3 [CD276]) is part of the B7 family, which includes immune checkpoint proteins such as PD-L1. B7-H3 is highly expressed in many solid tumors ...

[San Diego, Calif --September 7, 2024, 8:30 a.m. PCT)– Despite significant improvements in the perception of biomarker testing compared to a 2018 survey, substantial barriers to implementation persist globally, according to results of the 2024 IASLC Global Survey on Biomarker Testing released today at the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) World Conference on Lung Cancer 2024. The 2018 survey revealed the adoption of biomarker testing was low due to cost, lack of quality and standards, ...

(San Diego, Calif.---September 7, 2024, 8:30 a.m. PCT) —  A study presented today at the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer 2024 World Conference on Lung Cancer demonstrated a promising pathway toward developing predictive biomarkers for immune checkpoint inhibitors. In non-small cell lung cancer, immune checkpoint inhibitors offer significant promise, yet their efficacy is limited to a subset of patients. Identifying reliable predictive biomarkers is crucial for optimizing ...

As Utah’s Great Salt Lake shrinks, exposing more of its playa, concerns grow about the dust the dry lakebed emits. But scientists lack the data to fully understand what pollutants are present in these airborne sediments. Researchers from the University of Utah are attempting to get a handle on this question and the latest findings are concerning. Sediments in the lake’s exposed playa are potentially more harmful than other major dust sources affecting the Wasatch Front’s air quality, according to a study published online recently in the journal Atmospheric Environment. These sediments, when ...