Young people in Scotland are experimenting with nicotine pouches and reporting adverse effects such as sickness and fainting, according to new research from the Scottish Centre for Social Research (ScotCen) published today in the journal Addiction. Nicotine pouches, which entered the UK market in 2019, are small tobacco-free sachets placed between the lip and gum to deliver nicotine. They are currently unregulated in the UK and can be legally sold to under-18s, although the UK Government’s Tobacco and Vapes Bill proposes new age restrictions on their ...

A new study published in the Journal of Clinical Anesthesia shows that family members and caregivers can play a critical role in detecting delirium after surgery using a simple tool known as the Family Confusion Assessment Method. Because delirium can slow the healing and recovery process and requires immediate treatment, the findings suggest that involving families in monitoring could lead to faster recognition, earlier treatment, and better outcomes for older patients. FAM-CAM is a screening tool completed by family members and caregivers ...

Individuals who require long-term hemodialysis therapy have a high risk of cardiovascular (CV) events and related death, with CV risk factors that are similar to the general population (traditional risk factors) as well as others related to having kidney disease or being on dialysis (non-traditional risk factors). In the PISCES multicenter randomized trial, investigators evaluated the effect of taking omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (fish oil) capsules versus placebo capsules every day on serious CV events such as fatal and non-fatal heart attacks and strokes, peripheral vascular disease needing a limb amputation, and CV-related death. The trial, which included ...

Weaning patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) from dialysis while they are still hospitalized may save them from remaining on the treatment for the rest of their lives, according to a new study led by UC San Francisco.  Instead, some patients who may have the potential to recover kidney function while hospitalized are transferred to outpatient centers with fewer specialty doctors and less intensive monitoring, where subtle signs of recovery may be overlooked.   Although dialysis is needed to support patients with low kidney function, paradoxically it can delay or even prevent the ...

About The Study: A conservative dialysis strategy in dialysis-requiring acute kidney injury resulted in a shorter time to and higher rates of recovery of kidney function in the unadjusted analysis. Given uncertainty regarding the estimated effect size, this approach should be tested in a larger study population. Author Contact Information: The Corresponding Authors of the study are Kathleen D. Liu, MD, PhD, MAS, and Chi-yuan Hsu, MD, MSc. Suzanne Leigh, Senior Public Information Representative at UCSF, can assist with scheduling interviews. Suzanne can be reached at suzanne.leigh@ucsf.edu. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link ...

PROVIDENCE, R.I. [Brown University] — For 60 years, Medicare has served as a social safety net. Workers pay into the system over their lifetimes with the expectation that they will be able to access affordable health care when they turn 65. But for a growing number of Americans, especially Black Americans, that expectation is going unfulfilled. That’s according to a new study led by researchers at Brown University and Harvard University, which found that a rising number of premature deaths prevent many Americans from reaching the age of Medicare ...

In California’s Death Valley, where summer temperatures regularly soar above 120 degrees Fahrenheit, life seems almost impossible. Yet among the cracked earth and blinding sunlight, one native plant not only survives — it thrives.  That plant, Tidestromia oblongifolia, has helped Michigan State University scientists uncover how life can flourish in extreme heat, revealing a potential blueprint for engineering crops that can adapt to our changing climate.  In a new paper published in Current Biology, Research Foundation Professor Seung Yon “Sue” Rhee and Research ...

About The Study: Between 2012 and 2022, premature mortality among adults ages 18 to 64 in the U.S. increased by over 27%. During this period, racial disparities in premature mortality widened substantially, with Black individuals experiencing persistently higher and worsening rates compared with white individuals across most states. These results raise concerns about structural inequities within the Medicare entitlement and financing system. Despite contributing to Medicare throughout their working lives, Black individuals in the U.S. are less likely to ...

About The Study: In this case series, nonoptimal temperatures were critical environmental contributors associated with mortality burden, with differential vulnerability by geographic location, cause of death, and demographic factors. These findings highlight the need for urgent actions against temperature-related health burdens through tailored climate and public health strategies, considering the local context and demographic profiles.  Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding ...

Reaching for CBD-infused lotion or oil may seem like a low-risk way to find pain relief, but little is actually known about the impact that CBD has on the nervous system. Over the past decade, the use of cannabis products for pain management has increased, in part because in 2018 Congress signed a law removing hemp from the federal Controlled Substances Act, thereby legalizing hemp-derived CBD. Today, it is most commonly found in oil form, as well as in lotions and cosmetics, and it is widely understood that CBD does not cause a ‘high’. However, what CBD does in the human body and brain is not well understood. Currently, the Food and Drug Administration ...

Los Angeles, CA – November 7, 2025 - The Terasaki Institute proudly announces that Johnson V. John, Ph.D., Assistant Professor at the Institute, has been appointed as a standing member of the Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering (MTE) Study Section within the Center for Scientific Review at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). His four-year term is scheduled to begin in November 2025. The MTE Study Section plays a central role in the NIH’s rigorous peer-review process, evaluating competitive research proposals focused on biomaterials, cellular and molecular strategies, and engineering approaches that drive ...

Researchers have unveiled the intricate molecular mechanisms governing TCF/LEF-mediated transcription in the canonical Wnt pathway, identifying these proteins as promising therapeutic targets for cancer and fibrotic diseases. The review, published in Current Molecular Pharmacology, systematically dissects how four mammalian TCF/LEF paralogs—TCF7, LEF1, TCF7L1, and TCF7L2—achieve functional specificity through modular domain architecture and extensive alternative splicing. "TCF/LEF proteins function as the final integrators of Wnt signals, converting β-catenin ...

A team co-led by engineers at the University of California San Diego has developed a new design strategy for metal alloy negative electrodes that could significantly improve the performance and durability of next-generation solid-state batteries. The work could help advance the path toward practical, high-performance energy storage for electric vehicles. The team focused on negative electrodes made of lithium-aluminum alloy. They studied how lithium ions move through different phases of the material — a lithium-rich “beta” phase and ...

Science isn’t just a pursuit of knowledge – it’s a canvas of creativity where data, design and exploration converge to reveal the unexpected beauty woven into the very fabric of discovery. Each year, Florida Atlantic University’s Division of Research celebrates creativity with its “Art of Science” contest as research transcends the lab and field to become stunning works of visual expression. The competition invites FAU faculty, students and staff to showcase their research through photography and video, strengthening connections between science, art and the broader community. The Art of Science competition also highlights ...

Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) are a new type of fuel cell that directly converts chemical energy into electrical energy and have attracted widespread attention in recent years. However, the slow oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at the cathode is one of the main factors limiting the electrochemical performance of SOFCs. Ruddlesden-Popper (R-P) oxides have been extensively studied as cathode materials for SOFCs due to their high oxygen mobility and relatively good electrocatalytic activity. Their unique layered structure, characterized by alternating rock-salt layers and perovskite layers, allows them to maintain a large oxygen non-stoichiometry. ...

With the rapid advancement of wireless communication technologies and electronic devices, electromagnetic interference (EMI) has emerged as a critical factor affecting the reliability and performance of electronic systems, particularly in high-demand sectors such as aerospace, defense, and next-generation communication networks. Traditional EMI shielding materials, including metal and carbon-based composites, are inherently limited, such as high weight, susceptibility to corrosion and insufficient ...

Alcohol use disorder (AUD), characterized by uncontrollable alcohol consumption due to physical and psychological dependence, affects approximately 14.1 million people in the U.S. Despite the related public health issues and associated economic costs — an estimated $249 billion annually — pharmacological treatment options for AUD have advanced only minimally since 2004. This underscores the urgent need for novel therapeutic targets. In an effort to uncover some of these potential targets, the ...

Mechanoluminescent (ML) materials are attractive for haptic interface sensors for next-generation technologies, including bite-controlled user interface, healthcare motion monitoring, and piconewton sensing, because they emit light under mechanical stimulation without an external power source. However, their intrinsically broad emission spectra can degrade resolution and introduce noise in sensing applications, necessitating further technological development. Addressing this knowledge gap, a team of researchers from the Republic of Korea and the UK, led by Hyosung Choi, a Professor ...

Cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CESC), the most prevalent subtype of cervical cancer, remains a major global health burden driven primarily by persistent high-risk HPV infection and genetic susceptibility. A research team led by Professor Ruozheng Wang, along with Mr. Peiwen Fan, Mr. Danning Dong, Dr. Yanning Feng and Dr. Xiaonan Zhu from the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, employed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) to delineate ...

[Vienna, 07.11.2025]—For his analysis, CSH researcher Rafael Prieto-Curiel examined mobility data from around 400 European cities. These data capture how daily commutes are distributed across three categories: active mobility (walking and cycling), public transport (metro, tram, bus), and (car, taxi, motorcycle, ride-hailing). “I looked at 47 cities with a metro, 46 cities with a tram but no metro, and 285 cities without both,” explains Prieto-Curiel. The data come from a larger dataset he built for earlier work, available through the ...

A recent study published in Nature Geoscience has revealed that the substantial retreat of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet (EAIS) approximately 9,000 years ago was driven by a self-reinforcing feedback loop between ice melt and ocean circulation. The research team, led by Professor Yusuke Suganuma from the National Institute of Polar Research (NIPR) and the Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), found that the inflow of warm deep water into coastal East Antarctica caused the collapse of ice shelves, which in turn accelerated inland ice loss. The discovery indicates that Antarctic ice ...

Barcelona, 7 November 2025 - Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. In recent years, immunotherapies—treatments that reactivate the immune system to attack tumour cells—have transformed the treatment of many types of cancer. However, most patients with metastatic colorectal cancer do not respond to these treatments. A study led by Drs. Eduard Batlle and Alejandro Prados (both from IRB Barcelona and members of CIBERONC), together with Dr. Holger Heyn, from CNAG, sheds light on the mechanisms that limit the efficacy of these treatments and suggests strategies to ...

CAMBRIDGE, MA - A new delivery particle developed at MIT could make mRNA vaccines more effective and potentially lower the cost per vaccine dose. In studies in mice, the researchers showed that an mRNA influenza vaccine delivered with their new lipid nanoparticle could generate the same immune response as mRNA delivered by nanoparticles made with FDA-approved materials, but at around 1/100 the dose.  “One of the challenges with mRNA vaccines is the cost,” says Daniel Anderson, a professor in MIT’s Department of Chemical Engineering and a member of MIT’s Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research ...

Satellite scatterometers play a crucial role in monitoring ocean surface winds, with their accuracy directly impacting weather forecasting and climate research. However, rainfall has consistently challenged precise wind measurements, as Ku-band radar signals are much affected by rain clouds.   A recent collaborative study involving researchers from the China Meteorological Administration, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute has led to the development of an innovative rain conceptual model using dual-frequency measurements from the WindRAD instrument aboard China’s FengYun-3E (FY-3E) ...

In a recent study published in Analytical Chemistry, a research team led by WANG Junfeng from the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has developed a novel immobilization method for surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assays of membrane proteins, effectively addressing major technical constraints in the field. Membrane proteins make up about one-third of human proteins and nearly 60% of drug targets, playing key roles in signaling and transport. Accurately measuring their interactions with ligands is vital for understanding function and drug development. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR), a gold-standard, label-free technique allows real-time ...