First of all, the problem scope and the theoretical foundation are presented. The considered ISC network is a layered network in which nodes represent points of interactions between the two layers. The two interacting networks are PN which delivers cargo from Earth to Mars and SN that is responsible for the propellant supply along the way, respectively. They share the same nodes but comprise different arcs based on their distinct purposes. The nodes are defined as surface nodes (celestial bodies ...

It’s been long established that certain men become aggressive when they see their manhood as being threatened. When does this behavior emerge during development—and why? A new study by a team of psychology researchers shows that adolescent boys may also respond aggressively when they believe their masculinity is under threat—especially boys growing up in environments with rigid, stereotypical gender norms.  The findings, reported in the journal Developmental Science, underscore the effects of social pressure that many boys face to be stereotypically masculine. “We know that not all men respond aggressively to manhood threats—in ...

Findings refute former consensus that pregnancies post-transplant are nearly impossible, highlight need for increased fertility counseling   (WASHINGTON, July 15, 2024) — Despite treatment-related fertility challenges, female patients can become pregnant and give birth to healthy children after undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT), according to a study published in Blood. During alloHCT, stem cells from a healthy donor are transplanted to individuals with hematologic cancers or benign hematologic disorders such as leukemia and sickle cell disease. Procedural improvements in the administration of alloHCT ...

Editor’s note: This is part of a series of virtual essays from NCSA experts on current topics impacting the field of high-performance computing and research. NCSA’s Mission in Quantum Computing By Santiago Núñez-Corrales, NCSA Quantum Lead Research Scientist The fact that physical laws in our universe contain the recipe to perform computation is nothing short of extraordinary. John Archibald Wheeler described how intricate and intense the relationship is between physics and information in his foundational paper in 1991, one that bears profound consequences ...

Have you ever had the solution for a tough problem suddenly hit you when you’re thinking about something entirely different? Creative thought is a hallmark of humanity, but it’s an ephemeral, almost paradoxical ability, striking unexpectedly when it’s not sought out. And the neurological source of creativity—what’s going on in our brains when we think outside the box—is similarly elusive. But now, a research team led by a University of Utah Health researcher and based in Baylor College of Medicine has used a precise method of brain imaging to unveil how different parts of the brain ...

TORONTO, July 15, 2024 – Studying polar bears just became a lot easier with new “burr on fur” trackers which confirmed scientists’ belief that subadult and adult males spend most of their time on land lazing around, conserving energy until the ice returns. A multi-institutional research team led by York University and including the University of Alberta, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Manitoba Sustainable Development, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry, and Polar Bears International, used three ...

[Vienna, July 11 2024] — Researchers from the Complexity Science Hub and the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna have dissected the complex interactions involved in zoonoses, which affect worldwide over two billion people annually. They introduce the concept of a "zoonotic web," a detailed network representation of the relationships between zoonotic agents, their hosts, vectors, food sources, and the environment.  "Zoonotic diseases, which can be transmitted between animals and humans, are a significant public health concern, and our study highlights the importance of a holistic approach to understanding and managing these ...

Research Highlights: A comparison of two tools for calculating cardiovascular disease risk found that if only the current 10-year risk thresholds are applied, fewer adults may be recommended for blood pressure-lowering medication. The tools, The American Heart Association’s new PREVENTTM tool and the Pooled Cohort Equations, were applied to a cross-sectional sample of adults from NHANES datasets with stage 1 hypertension who did not report having CVD. PREVENT can additionally be used to calculate an individual’s 30-year risk ...

Monitoring of heart rate and physical activity using consumer wearable devices was found to have clinical value for comparing the response to two treatments for atrial fibrillation and heart failure.   The study published in Nature Medicine examined if a commercially-available fitness tracker and smartphone could continuously monitor the response to medications, and provide clinical information similar to in-person hospital assessment.   The wearable devices, consisting of a wrist band and connected smartphone, collected a vast amount of data on the response to two different medications prescribed ...

New research from a Max Planck Florida Institute for Neuroscience researcher could transform how we understand the way opioids affect the brain. Despite significant discussion surrounding the ongoing opioid crisis, current understanding of how opioids function in the brain is quite limited. This is primarily due to challenges in observing and measuring opioid effects in the brain in real-time. However, a recent technological breakthrough, led by Dr. Lin Tian and her research team and collaborators, recently published in Nature Neuroscience, has overcome these limitations and is set to transform how scientists study opioid signaling ...

The element actinium was first discovered at the turn of the 20th century, but even now, nearly 125 years later, researchers still don’t have a good grasp on the metal’s chemistry. That’s because actinium is only available in extremely small amounts and working with the radioactive material requires special facilities. But to improve emerging cancer treatments using actinium, researchers will need to better understand how the element binds with other molecules. In a new study led by the Department of Energy’s Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab), ...

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening aims to identify men who may harbor potentially lethal prostate cancer, and those with high PSA results often require more extensive (and expensive) diagnostic testing to establish a diagnosis. New research reveals that the out-of-pocket costs for such additional tests are substantial, common, and rising. The findings are published by Wiley online in CANCER, a peer-reviewed journal of the American Cancer Society. Abnormal screening tests (i.e., elevated PSA) warrant ...

Since its discovery, in 1836, acetylene has emerged as an essential chemical compound in industry, widely used as a chemical building block and fuel. It has applications in the raw material for resins, such as vinyl chloride, welding gas, and illumination. Recent developments aimed at reducing the dependence on petroleum feedstocks have shown that acetylene is a promising platform molecule for producing various base chemicals. Additionally, polyacetylene, a crucial semiconducting material, is made from acetylene. Currently, acetylene is mainly produced through two methods: ...

A research team led by Dr. Sung Mook Choi of the Korea Institute of Materials Science, a government-funded research institute under the Ministry of Science and ICT, has developed a one-step electrode fabrication process for the first time in South Korea. This process produces electrodes, a key component of anion exchange membrane water electrolysis, directly from raw materials to a mass-producible level. The team successfully applied this process to a commercial-scale stack of anion exchange membrane water ...

137 countries around the world have signed a "net-zero" climate change agreement to end fossil fuel use and achieve zero carbon emissions by 2050. Hydrogen is being touted as the next green energy source because it emits only water and oxygen when utilized as an energy source. Hydrogen production methods are divided into gray hydrogen, blue hydrogen, and green hydrogen depending on the energy source and carbon emissions. Among them, green hydrogen production method is the most eco-friendly method that produces hydrogen without carbon emissions by electrolyzing water using green energy. A research team led by Dr. ...

Orlando, Fla - A new national survey by the Orlando Health Advanced Rehabilitation Institute finds most Americans believe it’s normal for women to experience pain, pressure and incontinence after having children. But experts say these are actually signs of pelvic floor issues, and while they are extremely common, affecting about a third of women, they are not normal.  “When we say it's not normal, what we mean is it's not something you should have to live with. It's something ...

New research aims to help reduce the quantity of unused prescription opioids after emergency department visits and lessen the risk of opioid misuse and overdose. The study is published in CMAJ (Canadian Medical Association Journal) https://www.cmaj.ca/lookup/doi/10.1503/cmaj.231640. VIEW EMBARGOED ARTICLE Overprescribing is linked to opioid misuse and overdose, with household supplies of opioids associated with an increased risk of overdose, as many people do not dispose of unused medications safely. In Canada, ...

Funding agencies in Canada need to review their policies for evaluating research proposals to ensure that South Asian research is conducted by South Asians, write authors in a commentary in CMAJ (Canadian Medical Association Journal) https://www.cmaj.ca/lookup/doi/10.1503/cmaj.231189 VIEW EMBARGOED ARTICLE Much of the health research conducted in Canada on South Asian diaspora communities has historically been marked by unequal power relations, rather than meaningfully engaging and benefitting these communities. As the largest and fastest growing diverse ...

A study published in Genome Biology opens new possibilities to improve production efficiency in the cattle industry and potentially animal agriculture more broadly. A team of researchers at Baylor College of Medicine, Cornell University and the USDA discovered that, like humans, cattle have CoRSIVs. CoRSIVs are regions of the genome carrying chemical markers on the DNA that provide information that may allow farmers to predict and select desirable cattle characteristics, such as milk production, female fertility and resistance to disease. “Most people know that each person ...

Late detection biggest worry in relation to cancer diagnosis, with 55% of people wanting to see future advances in early cancer detection Public overwhelmingly support use of AI to tackle cancer 43% of people recognise major impact universities can have on reducing deaths from cancer Cambridge University partnering with NHS to build revolutionary new Cambridge Cancer Research Hospital Two-thirds of the public say they are very or somewhat worried about being told they have the disease – higher than ...

Doctors, nurses and other healthcare staff suffering burnout should be shown compassion and not blamed for being unwell, according to a leading GP. Clare Gerada says employers often treat physicians as ‘naughty schoolchildren’ when they go sick or suffer mental health problems. Professor Dame Gerada, past president of the Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP), is calling for more comprehensive guidance that focuses on ‘kindness’ and ‘sensitivity’. The doctor, who helped found mental health charity, Doctors in Distress, addresses the need for major reform in a new book aimed at reforming care for doctors and nurses ...

Early on during the coronavirus pandemic, there were reports of cases of persistent post-infection symptoms. The World Health Organization (WHO) refers to such new or persistent symptoms twelve weeks after a corona infection that cannot be explained by other causes as a post-COVID-19 condition. In a recent study, scientists led by the University Medicine Halle evaluated the information from 109,707 participants in the German National Cohort (NAKO Gesundheitsstudie) on their self-reported health status with respect to post-infection symptoms. The survey took place in autumn 2022, in retrospect of the pandemic.  At the time of the survey, more than 80 percent of respondents had ...

Cambridge scientists have developed an artificially-intelligent tool capable of predicting in four cases out of five whether people with early signs of dementia will remain stable or develop Alzheimer’s disease. The team say this new approach could reduce the need for invasive and costly diagnostic tests while improving treatment outcomes early when interventions such as lifestyle changes or new medicines may have a chance to work best. Dementia poses a significant global healthcare challenge, affecting over 55 million people worldwide ...

Winston-Salem, North Carolina – July 12, 2024 - The RegenMed Development Organization (ReMDO) invites researchers, industry and academia to the inaugural Piedmont Triad Regenerative Medicine Engine Ecosystem Summit (The Summit) on Monday, August 12th in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. Registration is open to new and current partners, with required onboarding for prospective organizations to be completed by August 12. The summit will consist of speaker sessions, discussion panels, breakouts, and networking events with complete details ...

The COVID-19 pandemic infiltrated almost every aspect of society and life in 2020, even in ways people wouldn’t have immediately expected. Stores that typically have no problem stocking shelves were struggling to keep pace with the sudden demand for cleaning supplies along with everything from toilet paper to Sriracha chili sauce. While these issues aren’t as devastating as the larger health ramifications, they did shed new light on supply chain weaknesses and how that system adapts to rapid and vast market shifts. Factory closures ...