The most common first diagnosis of Alport syndrome in Japan is during the universal age-3 urine screening. In 60% of these children, the disease had already progressed far enough to qualify for treatment. Therefore, universal early-age urinalysis may be an apt means for both better prognoses and reduced costs of medical care. Alport syndrome is a genetic disease that affects about one in 5,000 people. Patients cannot produce a certain type of collagen which leads to kidney failure, and may also lead to hearing loss and ...

A good night’s sleep has long been understood to help us consolidate new memories, but we don’t understand how. Associations with negative feelings like fear or stress can improve recall, but intentionally trying to remember can also be effective. But these two mechanisms are very different — one involuntary, one deliberate. Which influences memory most? To investigate, researchers asked participants to remember or forget words, some of which had negative emotional associations. They found that instructions improved recall ...

Solar energy is now so cost-effective that, in the sunniest countries, it costs as little as £0.02 to produce one unit of power, making it cheaper than electricity generated from coal, gas or wind, according to a new study from the University of Surrey.  In a study published in Energy and Environment Materials, researchers from Surrey’s Advanced Technology Institute (ATI) argue that solar photovoltaic (PV) technology is now the key driver of the world’s transition to clean, renewable power.  Professor Ravi Silva, co-author of the study and Director of the ATI at the University ...

A research team co-led by the Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC) and West China Hospital Sichuan University (WCHSU), working with partners in the UK, has demonstrated a nanotechnology strategy that reverses Alzheimer’s disease in mice. Unlike traditional nanomedicine, which relies on nanoparticles as carriers for therapeutic molecules, this approach employs nanoparticles that are bioactive in their own right: “supramolecular drugs.” Instead of targeting neurons directly, the therapy restores the proper function of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), the vascular gatekeeper ...

Research led by the University of Cambridge has found the first clear evidence that the ‘good’ gut bacteria Bifidobacterium breve in pregnant mothers regulates the placenta’s production of hormones critical for a healthy pregnancy. In a study in mice, the researchers compared the placentas of mice with no gut bacteria to those of mice with Bifidobacterium breve in their gut during pregnancy. Pregnant mice without Bifidobacterium breve in their gut had a higher rate of complications including fetal growth restriction and fetal low blood sugar, and increased fetal loss. This gut bacteria seems to play a crucial role in prompting the placenta ...

A team of researchers at the Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering has created a new breakthrough in photonics: the design of the first optical device that follows the emerging framework of optical thermodynamics. The work, reported in Nature Photonics, introduces a fundamentally new way of routing light in nonlinear systems—meaning systems that do not require switches, external control, or digital addressing. Instead, light naturally finds its way through the device, guided by simple thermodynamic principles. From Valves to Routers to Light Universal routing is a familiar engineering ...

Microplastics found to change gut microbiome in first human-sample study  (Berlin, Germany, Tuesday, 7 October 2025) New research presented today at UEG Week 2025 shows that microplastics – plastic particles smaller than 5mm commonly found in the environment – can alter the human gut microbiome, with some changes resembling patterns linked to depression and colorectal cancer.1 This study, conducted within the framework of microONE, a pioneering COMET Module programme project led by CBmed research center in collaboration with international partners, is among the first ...

Artificially sweetened and sugary drinks are both associated with an increased risk of liver disease, study finds (Berlin, Germany, Tuesday, 7 October 2025) A major new study reveals that both sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and low- or non-sugar-sweetened beverages (LNSSBs) are significantly associated with a higher risk of developing metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).1 The study, presented today at UEG Week 2025, followed 123,788 UK Biobank participants without liver disease at baseline. Beverage consumption was assessed using repeated ...

We often think of plastic pollution as a problem of oceans and seabirds. But beneath our feet, in the quiet dark of agricultural soils, a new kind of contamination is unfolding—one with profound implications for climate, crops, and carbon. A pioneering two-year field study has revealed that biodegradable microplastics, often hailed as eco-friendly alternatives to conventional plastics, are quietly reshaping the chemistry of farmland soils in unexpected and complex ways. Published on August 22, 2025, in Carbon Research as an open-access original article, this research was co-led by Dr. Jie ...

Our bodies are made up mostly of water. If this water is removed, our cells cannot survive, even when water is reintroduced. But some organisms can completely dry out yet return to life when rehydrated. A new study in Cell Systems helps explain how organisms can come back from desiccation (the removal of water or moisture) while others fail by looking at the cell’s proteins. In the first survey of its kind, a team of researchers profiled thousands of proteins at once for their ability to survive dehydration and ...

Embargoed for release until 5:00 p.m. ET on Monday 6 October 2025    Follow @Annalsofim on X, Facebook, Instagram, Bluesky, and Linkedin              Below please find summaries of new articles that will be published in the next issue of Annals of Internal Medicine. The summaries are not intended to substitute for the full articles as a source of information. This information is under strict embargo and by taking it into possession, media representatives are committing to the terms of the embargo not only on their own behalf, ...

New Canadian study reveals where HIV hides in different parts of the body Researchers at Western University and the University of Calgary have discovered how HIV hides in different parts of the body by embedding itself into the DNA of cells in a tissue-specific manner, offering new insights into why the virus is so difficult to eliminate and cure – even decades after infection and treatment. The study, led by Western University’s Stephen Barr and UCalgary’s Guido van Marle, reveals that HIV cloaks itself in the DNA of infected cells using unique DNA patterns in the ...

Over the last decade, poisonings and deaths linked to the use of local anesthetics have decreased. Even so, poisonings from one commonly used anesthetic, lidocaine, have increased in the United States, according to two new studies from the University of Illinois Chicago. By analyzing data from reports to national Poison Control Centers and to the Food and Drug Administration from 2010 to 2020, UIC researchers found total reports of poisonings fell 50% in that period. But poisonings from lidocaine increased more than 50% in less than half that ...

Nobody wants to admit that a lowly bumper sticker can influence their behavior. But researchers at the University of Cincinnati found that drivers were far more likely to honk after being cut off by a vehicle bearing a political bumper sticker, particularly one for the opposing political party. “Bumper stickers are a meaningful way in which partisan divides are reinforced in everyday life,” UC researchers concluded. “They have tangible impacts on road safety. Partisan bumper stickers may be mundane, but they are not trivial.” For a study published in the journal Frontiers in Political Science, UC Assistant ...

JUPITER, Fla. — In a quest to develop new antiviral drugs for COVID-19 and other diseases, a collaboration led by scientists at The Wertheim UF Scripps Institute has identified a potential new drug against the virus that causes COVID-19. In the process, the team devised a powerful new platform for finding medicines to fight many types of infectious diseases. Writing in the Journal of the American Chemical Society, in an online article posted on Monday, Oct. 6, 2025, the scientists said they began by seeking ...

A new method of taking microscopic images of a live mouse’s retina through the eye allows to record the reaction of brain cells to disease and treatment. The Kobe University development is more easily applicable than previous methods and promises to advance research on and treatment of vision-related diseases. Diabetic retinopathy, a form of diabetic eye disease, is one of the leading causes of blindness around the globe. “It’s understood that vision is lost due to damage to the blood vessels in the retina, but recent research has identified that abnormalities in neurons and immune cells begin prior to vascular damage,” says Kobe ...

Rockville, MD. (October 6, 2025) – The 2025 NFCR Global Summit and Award Ceremonies for Cancer Research & Entrepreneurship will convene an extraordinary roster of world-renowned scientists, entrepreneurs, investors, and patient advocates on October 24, 2025, at the National Press Club in Washington, D.C. This is a signature annual gathering where the leaders driving the future of oncology come together under one roof to challenge the status quo, reveal bold ideas, share insights, and spark collaborations that shape what’s next in cancer research ...

Key takeaways Internal organ tissues often don’t heal after illness or injury and lose some function, such as the heart after a heart attack. UCLA cardiologists have identified a protein that interferes with healing. Funded entirely by federal and state grants, the researchers developed a drug to block this protein and promote tissue regeneration. The FDA has now granted approval to begin Phase I clinical trials of the first-in-class drug for tissue repair, called AD-NP1, in humans. The body’s tissues can get injured in many ways, but while some injuries ...

Neuroinflammation damages neurons and can contribute to diseases like Alzheimer’s. Cannabidiol (CBD) has anti-inflammatory properties, which suggests that it could combat neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s. In a new eNeuro paper, Babak Baban and colleagues, from Augusta University, explored whether CBD can be leveraged as an antiinflammatory treatment in an established Alzheimer’s disease mouse model.    The researchers assessed two distinct mechanisms for shaping immune responses and regulating neuroinflammation ...

Images Spirals of solar wind can spin off larger solar eruptions and disrupt Earth's magnetic field, yet they are too difficult to detect with our current single-location warning system, according to a new study from the University of Michigan.    But a constellation of spacecraft, including one that sails on sunlight, could help find the tornado-like features in time to protect equipment on Earth and in orbit. The study results come from computer simulations of a massive cloud of plasma erupting from the sun and moving through the solar system. Because the simulation covers features that span ...

The selection of patients for allo-HSCT and the best approach to bridging patients to transplantation is continuously discussed by experts. The first results of the ASAP study (ASAP standing for “as soon as possible”), published in 2024, have already attracted considerable attention [2]. ASAP questions existing treatment standards for AML and was the first randomized controlled trial to compare remission induction with salvage chemotherapy prior to allo-HSCT – which represents ...

In a recent study published in Cell Metabolism, a collaborative research team led by Chen-Yu Zhang, Xi Chen, and Di-Jun Chen from Nanjing University, together with Tao Zhang from Nanjing Medical University, reported groundbreaking findings in their paper entitled “Paternal exercise confers endurance capacity to offspring through sperm microRNAs.” This research provides the first evidence that sperm microRNAs act as carriers of epigenetic information, enabling the intergenerational transmission of paternal ...

New artificial intelligence-generated images that appear to be one thing, but something else entirely when rotated, are helping scientists test the human mind. The work by Johns Hopkins University perception researchers addresses a longstanding need for uniform stimuli to rigorously study how people mentally process visual information. “These images are really important because we can use them to study all sorts of effects that scientists previously thought were nearly impossible to study in isolation—everything from size to animacy to emotion,” said ...

About The Study: Inhaler-related emissions in the U.S. have increased over the past decade. Policymakers and regulators seeking to reduce emissions should identify targeted solutions aimed at shifting utilization to currently marketed dry powder and soft mist inhalers while facilitating the entry of newer, affordable metered-dose products containing propellants with low global warming potential. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, William B. Feldman, MD, DPhil, MPH, email wfeldman@mednet.ucla.edu. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ (doi:10.1001/jama.2025.16524) Editor’s ...

Inhalers are the frontline treatment for asthma and COPD, but they come with a steep environmental cost, according to a new UCLA Health study — the largest to date quantifying inhaler-related emissions in the United States. Researchers found that inhalers have generated over 2 million metric tons of carbon emissions annually over the past decade, equivalent to the emissions of roughly 530,000 gas-powered cars on the road each year. The study, published in JAMA, analyzed emissions from the three types of inhalers approved for asthma or COPD from 2014 to 2024. It found that metered-dose inhalers were the most ...