Dr. Matthew Greenblatt will receive the prestigious Paul-Gallin Trailblazer Prize for Physician-Scientists in recognition of his discovery of distinct types of bone-building stem cells in different parts of the body. These unique cells have the ability to create copies of themselves as well as develop into specialized cells that perform distinct functions in the body. Each year, the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health awards the Paul-Gallin Trailblazer Prize to an early- to mid-career physician-scientist who is translating their basic science discoveries into new ways to diagnose, prevent, treat, or cure disease ...

Infection control is paramount in prosthodontics and oral implantology to prevent complications like denture stomatitis and peri-implantitis. While synthetic disinfectants (e.g., chlorhexidine) are widely used, their side effects—including mucosal irritation, toxicity, and antimicrobial resistance—drive the search for safer alternatives. Natural products derived from plants, animals, and minerals offer promising solutions due to their antimicrobial efficacy, biocompatibility, and environmental sustainability. Key Natural Agents and Mechanisms Plant-Based Products: Clove oil (eugenol), tea tree oil (terpinen-4-ol), neem (azadirachtin), ...

Snow water equivalent (SWE) measurements are critical for water resource management, yet existing remote sensing methods struggle to provide accurate, large-scale estimates. This study introduces a multisensor approach combining optical snow cover data and L-band interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) to enhance SWE retrievals. By analyzing multiple optical snow cover datasets in conjunction with UAVSAR L-band InSAR data, the researchers demonstrate how these combined technologies can effectively address the uncertainties in snow measurement, improving the accuracy of SWE change estimations over snow-covered regions. Current snow monitoring techniques, particularly those ...

PULLMAN, Wash. – Washington State University researchers have developed a mathematical model and a set of recommendations to improve liquid hydrogen storage tank operations that could someday make hydrogen a more viable alternative for powering vehicles and other industrial processes. The researchers used real-world tank data to identify operational regimes in which hydrogen boils off and is lost, which can be as much as 25% of the hydrogen delivered to storage tanks. The work is published in the journal Cryogenics. “If we want to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and come up with fuel that is clean and produced from renewable energy sources, then liquid hydrogen ...

Transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) is caused by the misfolding and aggregation of the transthyretin (TTR) protein, leading to multi-organ damage. Two main forms exist: hereditary ATTR (ATTRv), linked to TTR gene mutations, and wild-type ATTR (ATTRwt), associated with aging. Historically underdiagnosed, ATTR carried poor prognoses, particularly in advanced cardiac or neuropathic disease. However, the past decade has seen unprecedented therapeutic advances. Diagnostic Advances Enable Earlier Intervention Improved detection ...

Background and Aims Patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in the immune-tolerant phase may still experience hepatic inflammation and disease progression, and could benefit from early antiviral treatment. This study aimed to investigate changes in the cumulative hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)/HBV DNA ratio in immune-tolerant patients during the transition to the immune-active phase, and to evaluate its potential in predicting the risk of disease progression. Methods This longitudinal study included 127 untreated immune-tolerant patients, who were followed for up to 10 years. An independent cohort of 109 subjects ...

Miami (August 21, 2025) – Prioritizing communications between patients and health care providers and increasing patient education about chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) could help improve patient care, according to a new study. The study is published in the July 2025 issue of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases: Journal of the COPD Foundation, a peer-reviewed, open-access journal. COPD is an inflammatory lung disease, comprising several conditions, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema, and can be caused ...

News Release * Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine * August 20, 2025 Media contact: Leslie Raabe lraabe@pcrm.org 443 534 5803   Nation’s Leading Breast Health Advocate Receives Benjamin Spock Award for Compassion in Medicine   WASHINGTON, D.C.— Santa Monica Breast Surgeon and Founder of the Pink Lotus Breast Center Kristi Funk, MD, FACS, received the Benjamin Spock Award for Compassion in Medicine at the International Conference on Nutrition and Medicine (ICNM) on Aug. 15. The award was presented by Neal Barnard, MD, president of the Physicians Committee ...

Biological systems have inspired the development of next-generation soft robotic systems with diverse motions and functions. Such versatility in soft robots—in terms of rapid and efficient crawling—can be achieved via asymmetric bending through bilayer-type actuators that combine responsive liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) with flexible substrates. This, in turn, requires temperature-responsive LCEs with accurate temperature regulation via elaborate Joule heating configurations. However, it is a complicated task owing to the difficulty in generating asymmetric motions using isotropic thermal distributions, necessitating simple temperature ...

A preclinical evaluation of a new ’dual-mode’ tracer agent shows promise in not only helping surgeons image and plan prostate cancer procedures, but also provide them with much more consistent and targeted guidance during surgery. The agent uses a single tracer molecule labeled with Fluorine-18—a common isotope used in Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scans—for diagnostic imaging. It also provides a one-step, widely accessible solution that would enable combined fluorescence-guided and radio-guided surgery. “Precision ...

Most of the drugs, plastics, and industrial materials widely used today are produced through chemical reactions. In general, most high-performance and sophisticated substances have complex structures, and their assembly involves multiple chemical reaction steps carried out one after another. This creates significant overhead, as each step requires specific conditions, reagents, and catalysts, as well as considerable energy and labor. Tandem reactions offer a promising solution to this issue. The ...

A new critical review, published in the journal CABI Agriculture and Bioscience, highlights the emergence and scientific basis of regenerative agriculture – proposing a working definition centred on ecological cycles and farm system outcomes. Dr Nicholas Bardsley, author of the paper from the Department of Agri-Food Economics and Marketing at the University of Reading, suggests that as global agriculture faces intensifying soil degradation, climate disruption, and ecological breakdown, there ...

Oak Brook, IL – Volume 33 of SLAS Technology, includes one literature highlights column, eight original research articles and four Special Issue (SI) features. Literature Highlights Literature highlights column: From the literature life sciences discovery and technology highlights SLAS Technology Section Editors Jamien Lim, PhD (TDK Electronics, Inc.) and Tal Murthy, PhD (Strain LLC) review noteworthy research articles pertaining to advances in biotechnology, artificial intelligence in science and ...

Researchers at the Complexity Science Hub (CSH) analyzed 13 million inpatient hospital stays involving around 4 million individuals in Austria: Although about 20% of the population in Austria does not hold Austrian citizenship, this group accounts for only 9.4% of hospital patients and 9.8% of total hospital nights. An estimated 300 million people – about 3.6 percent of the global population – are international migrants. Yet studies consistently show that migrants access healthcare services less frequently ...

PITTSBURGH, Aug. 21, 2025 – New research from the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Cambridge University upends a long-standing belief about brain plasticity. A study published today in Nature Neuroscience shows that the brain’s built-in “body map” remains stable even when the body undergoes drastic changes, such as the loss of a limb. The findings have implications for the treatment of “phantom limb” pain and suggest that achieving reliable restoration of sensation and controlling robotic replacement limbs via brain-computer interfaces may be more viable in the long term than previously thought. “This study is a powerful ...

Research Highlights: Hormone replacement therapy using vaginal estrogen tablets was not associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke for postmenopausal women who have already had a stroke, according to a data analysis from a health registry in Denmark. This is one of the first studies to analyze the risk of recurrent stroke for postmenopausal women using vaginal estrogen. Embargoed until 4 a.m. CT/5 a.m. ET, Thursday, August 21, 2025 DALLAS, August 21, 2025 — Using vaginal estrogen ...

GLOBAL: Australian researchers have used an innovative genome-wide screening approach to identify genes, and their encoded proteins, that play critical roles in the prevention of lymphoma development, revealing new potential treatment targets for these blood cancers.  The study, published in Nature Communications today, has identified a group of proteins known as the GATOR1 complex as essential tumour suppressors.   The GATOR1 complex normally functions as a ‘brake’ on cellular growth by regulating pathways that control cell growth and metabolism.1 When GATOR1 components are lost or defective, this protective mechanism ...

To build a large-scale quantum computer that works, scientists and engineers need to overcome the spontaneous errors that quantum bits, or qubits, create as they operate. Scientists encode these building blocks of quantum information to suppress errors in other qubits so that a minority can operate in a way that produces useful outcomes. As the number of useful (or logical) qubits grows, the number of physical qubits required grows even further. As this scales up, the sheer number of qubits needed to create ...

UNIVERSITY PARK, Pa. — If an extraterrestrial intelligence were looking for signs of human communications, when and where should they look? In a new study, researchers at Penn State and NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California analyzed when and where human deep space transmissions would be most detectable by an observer outside our solar system and suggest that the patterns they see could be used to guide our own search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI). “Humans are predominantly communicating with the spacecraft and probes we have ...

University of Arizona researchers devised a new method to deliver cancer chemotherapy drugs to pancreatic and breast cancer tumors more effectively and with less damage to healthy tissues than standard forms of chemotherapy. The paper was published today in Nature Cancer. The research team’s new formulation of the drug paclitaxel may help overcome some common limitations of chemotherapy drugs, setting the stage for a promising new platform for treating cancer and other diseases. “Paclitaxel is potent and kills cancer cells, but to unleash its full therapeutic potential, we have to address its toxicity,” ...

In a first-of-its-kind study, researchers found that the brain’s control center for a lost appendage can persist long after surgical amputation, which stands in stark contrast to longstanding theories about the brain’s ability to reorganize itself, also known as plasticity. Scientists from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and their colleagues examined human brain activity before and after arm amputation and found that the loss of a limb does not prompt a large-scale cerebral overhaul. Published in the journal Nature Neuroscience, ...

Heat-stressed Victorian mountain ash forests are thinning fast, turning from carbon sinks to carbon sources, new research reveals. Published in Nature Communications, the research shows forests will lose a quarter of their trees by 2080 due to global warning. Mountain ash forests are currently one of Earth’s most effective ecosystems for storing carbon – they store more carbon per hectare than the Amazon. But researchers say these forests will store less carbon in the future as warming causes more trees to die and decompose. Scientists from the Universities of Melbourne and ...

A deeper look into carbon flux is now possible — thanks to a deep pool of scientific collaboration. And for once, the spotlight is on Asia. Led by researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University, a collaborative team of researchers from Japanese institutions has introduced JapanFlux2024, the first large-scale open dataset of its kind for Asia. It details how terrestrial ecosystems across Japan and neighboring regions absorb and release carbon dioxide (CO2), offering a long-awaited foundation for understanding Asia’s role in the global carbon cycle. Across Asia’s diverse landscapes—from ...

LGBTQIA+ college students living in conservative US states have reported far worse mental health than their counterparts in more liberal areas in a national study. Analysis of a survey—carried out prior to the latest Republican term—uncovered this group, who fell within an age bracket of 18 to 25, were considerably more likely to describe themselves as being anxious, depressed, and suicidal. The new report, published today in the Journal of American College Health, also revealed LGBTQIA+ students in conservative states were also more likely to feel afraid that something ...

With climate change and more frequent extreme weather events, researchers predict that global yields of important crops like maize, rice, and soybeans could decline by 12 to 20% by the end of the century. To prepare, plant scientists are hoping to find ways to improve yields and grow hardier varieties of these crops. New insights into the genetic makeup of wild varieties of common crops show how domestication has changed crop traits over time and propose a new cultivation method to improve genetic diversity. The research was shared in a paper published in Life on July 11. “While domesticated species have originally been bred by cultivating wild species, the resulting reduction in genetic ...