Professor L. Jay Guo’s group from the University of Michigan published a comprehensive review titled “30 years of nanoimprint: development, momentum and prospects” in the inaugural issue of Opto-Electronic Technology, systematically summarizing key developments and future trends in NIL, with a special focus on industry advancements in nano-Si device manufacturing and nanophotonics. The review elaborates extensively on two main NIL methods: thermal NIL (T-NIL) and UV NIL (UV-NIL), examining ...

The research group of Prof. Din Ping Tsai from City University of Hong Kong was invited to publish a review article titled “Progress in Metalenses: From Single to Array” in the first issue of Opto-Electronic Technology in 2025. The article provides a structured overview of recent developments in metalenses, with a focus on the gradual transition from single-device optimization to system-level integration based on increasing structural complexity. The article first reviews the long-standing challenges in metalens research, such as broadening the achromatic bandwidth and increasing the aperture size, and highlights representative studies and key breakthroughs in these areas. In ...

A new dataset, the Extensible Building Damage (EBD) dataset, offers significant improvements in disaster response mapping by combining satellite imagery and deep learning techniques. This dataset, covering 12 natural disasters, uses semi-supervised fine-tuning (SS-FT) to reduce the time and effort traditionally required for manual damage labeling, speeding up disaster recovery efforts globally. Building damage assessments (BDA) are crucial for post-disaster recovery, as they help in identifying areas most in need of urgent assistance. However, current BDA methods suffer from slow dataset development, largely ...

Space-based solar panels could enable solar power to be harvested continuously instead of only when sunlight reaches Earth, reducing Europe’s need for Earth-based wind and solar by 80%, finds a study publishing August 21 in the Cell Press journal Joule. Using energy models, researchers estimate that in 2050, space-based solar power could cut the total costs of Europe’s total grid system by 7%–15%. However, these numbers hinge upon the rapid development of two NASA-designed technologies in order to meet Europe’s goal to achieve net-zero by 2050.   “In space, you potentially have the ability to position solar panels to always face ...

A new study led by Mass General Brigham researchers reveals that ambient documentation technologies – generative artificial intelligence scribes that record patient visits and draft clinical notes for physician review before incorporating into electronic health records – led to significant reductions in physician burnout. The findings, published in JAMA Network Open, draw on surveys of more than 1,400 physicians and advanced practice providers at both Mass General Brigham based and Atlanta’s ...

Space-based solar power has the potential to reduce Europe’s need for land-based renewable energy by up to 80% - a potential game-changer for reaching net-zero by 2050. For the first time, researchers from King’s College London have assessed the possible impact that generating solar energy in space could have for Europe. They found it could cut energy battery storage needs by more than two-thirds. The study, published in Joule, analysed the potential of a design by NASA for solar generation, ...

For much of the 20th century it was thought that the adult brain was incapable of regeneration. This view has since shifted dramatically and neurogenesis – the birth of new neurons – is now a widely accepted phenomenon in the adult brain, offering promising avenues for treating many neurological conditions. One of the main challenges in the field has been identifying neural stem and progenitor cells (NPCs) responsible for generating these new neurons. NPCs are rare, diverse and difficult to isolate from other brain cells due to overlapping molecular signatures. As a result, understanding their biology – and particularly their role in human brain disorders – ...

About The Study: This retrospective cohort study found that taking glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) was associated with a reduced overall risk of cancer, including lower risks of endometrial, ovarian, and meningioma cancers, among patients with obesity or overweight. However, taking GLP-1RAs may be associated with an increased risk of kidney cancer, highlighting the need for longer-term follow-up to clarify the underlying mechanisms and clinical implications of these findings. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, ...

About The Study: In this secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial, a telephone-based weight loss intervention induced significant weight loss in patients with breast cancer with overweight and obesity across demographic and treatment factors. Further follow-up of the Breast Cancer Weight Loss trial will evaluate whether the weight loss intervention improves disease outcomes. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Jennifer A. Ligibel, MD, email jennifer_ligibel@dfci.harvard.edu. To access the embargoed ...

Researchers developed the first genome-wide CRISPR screening tool for primary human natural killer (NK) cells Study revealed critical regulators of NK cell activity that can be targeted to improve chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) NK cell therapies Findings open new avenues for developing more effective CAR NK cell therapies for many cancers HOUSTON, AUGUST 21, 2025 ― Natural killer (NK) cells became markedly better at killing cancer cells after scientists removed key gene targets identified through a new genome-wide CRISPR screening tool, according to new research from The University of Texas MD Anderson ...

A recent study published in Current Pharmaceutical Analysis introduces a robust and validated reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for the analysis of orlistat, a widely used anti-obesity drug. The method, developed by researchers from KIET School of Pharmacy in India, ensures accurate quantification and is fully compliant with International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) guidelines. The research team, led by Kandasamy Nagarajan, optimized the chromatographic conditions to achieve high sensitivity and precision. "Our method uses an XBridge C8 column and acetonitrile as the mobile phase, providing sharp peaks ...

From virtual counselors that can hear depression creeping into a person’s voice to smart watches that can detect stress, artificial intelligence is poised to revolutionize mental health care for patients with breast cancer. In a new paper, UVA Cancer Center’s J. Kim Penberthy, PhD, and colleagues detail the many ways artificial intelligence could help ensure patients receive the support they need. AI, they say, can identify patients at risk for mental-health struggles, get them treatment earlier, provide continuous psychological monitoring and even ...

1. Summary The National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), in cooperation with the Ministry of the Environment of Japan (MOE) and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), has been observing atmospheric carbon dioxide, methane, and other gases by utilizing the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) Series, with the aim of advancing climate change science and contributing to the evaluation of climate change policies and initiatives. The Global Observing SATellite for Greenhouse gases and Water cycle “IBUKI GW” (GOSAT-GW)1, developed jointly by MOE, NIES, ...

Key Takeaways Harvard physicists have developed a computational method that can uncover the rules that cells use to self-organize, translating the complex process of cell growth into an optimization problem a computer can solve. The technique they use is automatic differentiation, originally built for training neural networks, but used in this context for predicting how small changes in genes or cellular signals affect the final design.   Scientists could someday use such predictive models in real biological experiments to design living tissues with specific functions or shapes. One of the most fundamental processes in all of biology ...

“[…]age estimation on blood stains from cancer patients might not result in significantly higher estimation errors, except for very aggressive forms of cancer.” BUFFALO, NY — August 21, 2025 — A new research paper was published in Volume 17, Issue 7 of Aging (Aging-US) on July 17, 2025, titled “The influence of cancer on a forensic age estimation tool.” In this study by Charlotte Sutter, Daniel Helbling, Cordula Haas and Jacqueline Neubauer from the Zurich Institute of Forensic Medicine, University ...

WASHINGTON — Researchers have developed a technique to fold glass sheets into microscopic 3D photonic structures directly on a chip — a process they call photonic origami. The method could enable tiny, yet complex optical devices for data processing sensing and experimental physics. “Existing 3D printers produce rough 3D structures that aren’t optically uniform and thus can’t be used for high-performance optics,” said research team leader Tal Carmon from Tel Aviv University in Israel. “Mimicking the way a pinecone’s scales bend outward to release ...

Dr. Matthew Greenblatt will receive the prestigious Paul-Gallin Trailblazer Prize for Physician-Scientists in recognition of his discovery of distinct types of bone-building stem cells in different parts of the body. These unique cells have the ability to create copies of themselves as well as develop into specialized cells that perform distinct functions in the body. Each year, the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health awards the Paul-Gallin Trailblazer Prize to an early- to mid-career physician-scientist who is translating their basic science discoveries into new ways to diagnose, prevent, treat, or cure disease ...

Infection control is paramount in prosthodontics and oral implantology to prevent complications like denture stomatitis and peri-implantitis. While synthetic disinfectants (e.g., chlorhexidine) are widely used, their side effects—including mucosal irritation, toxicity, and antimicrobial resistance—drive the search for safer alternatives. Natural products derived from plants, animals, and minerals offer promising solutions due to their antimicrobial efficacy, biocompatibility, and environmental sustainability. Key Natural Agents and Mechanisms Plant-Based Products: Clove oil (eugenol), tea tree oil (terpinen-4-ol), neem (azadirachtin), ...

Snow water equivalent (SWE) measurements are critical for water resource management, yet existing remote sensing methods struggle to provide accurate, large-scale estimates. This study introduces a multisensor approach combining optical snow cover data and L-band interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) to enhance SWE retrievals. By analyzing multiple optical snow cover datasets in conjunction with UAVSAR L-band InSAR data, the researchers demonstrate how these combined technologies can effectively address the uncertainties in snow measurement, improving the accuracy of SWE change estimations over snow-covered regions. Current snow monitoring techniques, particularly those ...

PULLMAN, Wash. – Washington State University researchers have developed a mathematical model and a set of recommendations to improve liquid hydrogen storage tank operations that could someday make hydrogen a more viable alternative for powering vehicles and other industrial processes. The researchers used real-world tank data to identify operational regimes in which hydrogen boils off and is lost, which can be as much as 25% of the hydrogen delivered to storage tanks. The work is published in the journal Cryogenics. “If we want to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and come up with fuel that is clean and produced from renewable energy sources, then liquid hydrogen ...

Transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) is caused by the misfolding and aggregation of the transthyretin (TTR) protein, leading to multi-organ damage. Two main forms exist: hereditary ATTR (ATTRv), linked to TTR gene mutations, and wild-type ATTR (ATTRwt), associated with aging. Historically underdiagnosed, ATTR carried poor prognoses, particularly in advanced cardiac or neuropathic disease. However, the past decade has seen unprecedented therapeutic advances. Diagnostic Advances Enable Earlier Intervention Improved detection ...

Background and Aims Patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in the immune-tolerant phase may still experience hepatic inflammation and disease progression, and could benefit from early antiviral treatment. This study aimed to investigate changes in the cumulative hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)/HBV DNA ratio in immune-tolerant patients during the transition to the immune-active phase, and to evaluate its potential in predicting the risk of disease progression. Methods This longitudinal study included 127 untreated immune-tolerant patients, who were followed for up to 10 years. An independent cohort of 109 subjects ...

Miami (August 21, 2025) – Prioritizing communications between patients and health care providers and increasing patient education about chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) could help improve patient care, according to a new study. The study is published in the July 2025 issue of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases: Journal of the COPD Foundation, a peer-reviewed, open-access journal. COPD is an inflammatory lung disease, comprising several conditions, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema, and can be caused ...

News Release * Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine * August 20, 2025 Media contact: Leslie Raabe lraabe@pcrm.org 443 534 5803   Nation’s Leading Breast Health Advocate Receives Benjamin Spock Award for Compassion in Medicine   WASHINGTON, D.C.— Santa Monica Breast Surgeon and Founder of the Pink Lotus Breast Center Kristi Funk, MD, FACS, received the Benjamin Spock Award for Compassion in Medicine at the International Conference on Nutrition and Medicine (ICNM) on Aug. 15. The award was presented by Neal Barnard, MD, president of the Physicians Committee ...

Biological systems have inspired the development of next-generation soft robotic systems with diverse motions and functions. Such versatility in soft robots—in terms of rapid and efficient crawling—can be achieved via asymmetric bending through bilayer-type actuators that combine responsive liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) with flexible substrates. This, in turn, requires temperature-responsive LCEs with accurate temperature regulation via elaborate Joule heating configurations. However, it is a complicated task owing to the difficulty in generating asymmetric motions using isotropic thermal distributions, necessitating simple temperature ...