Four University of Michigan faculty have been elected to the National Academy of Medicine, one of the highest honors in medical research. Kenneth M. Langa, M.D., Ph.D., Erica E. Marsh, M.D., MSCI, FACOG, Santa J. Ono, Ph.D. and Marc A. Zimmerman, Ph.D., are among 100 newly elected health and medical scientists recognized for their outstanding professional achievement and commitment to service. They join the 79 other current, former and late U-M faculty who have earned this distinction. NAM members help the Congressionally chartered, private nonprofit organization provide objective advice to the nation on key health ...

New research led by Florida State University College of Medicine faculty quantified the association between loneliness and dementia by analyzing data from more than 600,000 people around the world — the largest study of its kind. The meta-analysis of 21 longitudinal studies showed that experiencing feelings of loneliness increased the risk of developing dementia by 31%. The research was published in Nature Mental Health. “These results are not surprising, given the mounting evidence that link loneliness to poor health,” said Assistant Professor Martina Luchetti, who led the study. “Dementia ...

Tyrus Berry, Assistant Professor, Mathematics, College of Science, received funding for the project: “Nitrogen Vacancy Diamond Metrology for Temperature and Pressure Sensing: Data Assimilation.” Berry aims to provide the mathematical tools for a robust sensor that can simultaneously measure temperature, pressure, and force over a long range of values in harsh environments.  The sensor readings will be tied to fundamental physics laws, and the mathematical framework will automatically track any drift in the ...

Antil Studying Structure Preserving Optimization Algorithms & Digital Twins Harbir Antil, Professor, Mathematical Sciences, College of Science, received funding from the National Science Foundation to study partial differential equation (PDE)-constrained optimization problems that incorporate data to make decisions in the presence of uncertainty arising from modeling unknown quantities.  The proposed methods support various application areas, including digital twins where physics and data are fused to support decision making. One graduate student will be supported by the project and the ...

Lishan Yang, Assistant Professor, Computer Science, College of Engineering and Computing (CEC), received funding for the project: “Collaborative Research: Elements: MELIOREM: An Integrated Evaluation Cyberinfrastructure towards Safe and Dependable Autonomous Driving Systems.” Yang and her collaborators aim to develop MELIOREM, an automated tool designed to enhance the safety of autonomous vehicles.  MELIOREM will conduct rigorous testing to identify and address potential safety issues before they affect public roads. This initiative ensures that autonomous vehicles are dependable ...

“Overall, the data presented in this study affirm that humanizing 3E10 preserves its crucial biological properties essential for therapeutic efficacy.” BUFFALO, NY- October 21, 2024 – A new research paper was published in Oncotarget's Volume 15 on October 1, 2024, entitled, “Next-generation cell-penetrating antibodies for tumor targeting and RAD51 inhibition.” As highlighted in the abstract, monoclonal antibody therapies for cancer have shown extraordinary clinical success in recent years. However, these strategies are primarily ...

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a chronic autoimmune disorder in which antibodies block communication between nerves and muscle, resulting in weakness of the skeletal muscles. It can cause double vision, difficulty swallowing, and, occasionally, serious breathing difficulties, among other symptoms. Many autoimmune diseases such as MG, as well as a range of other human illnesses, result from the inability to regulate activity of IgG antibodies – collectively, these diseases are referred to as IgG-mediated pathologies. In a paper out this month in Cell, researchers at Emory University have discovered a family of enzymes that ...

Climate change is increasingly influencing fire behaviour worldwide and intensifying fire smoke, endangering public health from air pollution caused by fires. These are the results of two new climate change impact attribution studies, both published in Nature Climate Change, with involvement of the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research PIK. The first study finds 15.8 percent higher global burned areas over the period 2003 to 2019 due to climate change, intensifying fire activity especially in Australia, South America, Western North America and Siberia. These increasing fire dynamics offset the decrease in burned area ...

About The Study: The current patchwork of strategies to help patients manage high prescription drug costs highlights the structural and policy challenges within the U.S. prescription drug market that impede affordable access for some patients. While these strategies provide tangible solutions for clinicians to help patients access medically appropriate but costly medications, they do not address the root causes of high drug prices. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Hussain S. Lalani, MD, MPH, MSc, email hlalani@bwh.harvard.edu. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this ...

LOS ANGELES — Researchers from City of Hope®, one of the largest and most advanced cancer research and treatment organizations in the United States, ranked among the nation’s top 5 cancer centers by U.S. News & World Report and a national leader in providing cancer patients with best-in-class, integrated supportive care programs, will present new data on integrative oncology research and clinical trials at the 21st International Conference of the Society for Integrative Oncology taking place Oct. 25 to 27. Integrative oncology is a patient-centered ...

Researchers from 15 countries, led by Amsterdam UMC, have developed a way to predict which patients are at risk of epilepsy after a cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVT). CVT is a type of stroke that typically affects women between the ages of 20 and 50. The prediction model is now available worldwide free of charge and research it is based on is published today in JAMA Neurology.  "We hope that as many physicians as possible will use this score to better treat and educate CVT patients across the world," says lead researcher and neurologist at Amsterdam UMC, Jonathan Coutinho.  CVT occurs when a clot blocks the veins ...

About The Study: Infant mortality was higher than expected, overall and among those with congenital anomalies, for several months after the Dobbs decision in the U.S. No post-Dobbs months (i.e., no months after June 2022) showed lower than expected infant mortality. These findings are consistent with the increase in infant mortality found in Texas following the state’s abortion ban. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Parvati Singh, PhD, email singh.1704@osu.edu. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ (doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.4276) Editor’s ...

STALKING RIBOSOMES: HOW CANCER CELLS PULL POKER FACES The protein factories of our cells are much more diverse than we thought they were. Scientists from the Netherlands Cancer Institute have now shown that cancer cells can use these so-called ribosomes to boost their invisibility cloak, helping them hide from the immune system. The team publishes their findings in Cell today. “These findings make us change how we think about ribosomes.”  Our immune system is constantly monitoring our body. In order to survive, cancer cells need to evade this ...

A device that delivers direct stimulation to the brain was found to be a safe and effective means of treating depression at home, according to a new study by researchers at UTHealth Houston; the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience at King’s College London; and the University of East London. The research was published in Nature Medicine on Oct. 21, 2024. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a form of noninvasive brain stimulation that applies a weak, direct current of between 0.5 to 2 milliampere to the scalp via two electrodes. It is already commonly used in clinics to treat conditions such as psychosis ...

COLUMBUS, Ohio – Expanded treatment options, increased naloxone distribution and targeted education campaigns likely led to a 37% reduction in overdose deaths from opioids combined with stimulant drugs other than cocaine, according to the results of a large federally funded study. The finding came from a planned study of secondary outcomes of the HEALing (Helping to End Addiction Long-Term) Communities Study (HCS), which tested an intervention encompassing data-driven adoption of evidence-based practices for reducing overdose deaths in Kentucky, Massachusetts, New York and Ohio. Death rates from specific combinations of ...

Hussain S. Lalani, MD, MPH, MSc, of the Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, is the lead author of a paper published in JAMA, “Strategies to Help Patients Navigate High Prescription Drug Costs.” How would you summarize your study for a lay audience? Prescription drugs can be expensive for patients, and many clinicians do not know how to respond when costs are too high. We reviewed the benefits and limitations of seven strategies that clinicians can use to help their patients navigate high-prescription drugs. These include co-payment cards, patient assistance ...

The 10th-brightest star in the night sky, Betelgeuse, may not be on the brink of exploding as a supernova, according to a new study of the star’s brightening and dimming. Instead, recent research shows that the observed pulsing of the starlight is probably caused by an unseen companion star orbiting Betelgeuse. Formally named Alpha Ori B, the “Betelbuddy” (as astrophysicist Jared Goldberg calls it) acts like a snowplow as it orbits Betelgeuse, pushing light-blocking dust out of the way and temporarily making Betelgeuse seem brighter. Goldberg and his colleagues present their simulations of this process in ...

SAN ANTONIO — October 21, 2024—A Southwest Research Institute researcher collaborated with a team at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory to attempt to explain the presence of mysterious flow features that exist on the surfaces of airless celestial bodies, such as the asteroids Vesta and Ceres, explored recently by the NASA Dawn mission, or Jupiter’s moon Europa, which will soon be explored in detail by the NASA Europa Clipper mission that includes SwRI’s involvement. In a new paper published in The Planetary Science Journal, its lead author, SwRI’s Dr. Michael J. Poston, and a team of researchers outline how post-impact conditions, ...

Although smell has historically played an important role in the fight against diseases such as the plague and tuberculosis, the human nose is generally not sensitive enough to be used as a reliable diagnostic tool. However, a new artificial ‘nose’ inspired by our sense of smell could now make it possible to detect undiagnosed disease, hazardous gases, and food that is starting to spoil. And it is all made possible with technology that already exists. Surrounded by antennas What do your mobile phone, computer and TV have in common? Antennas. “We are literally surrounded by technology that communicates using antenna technology,” said Michael ...

Amidst the sustainable evolution of the economy and society, the issues of energy scarcity and environmental degradation have gained increasing prominence, making energy conservation and emission reduction the focal point of societal concern. Within this context, metal tubes fittings, as essential components, wield significant and extensive influence in domains such as aviation, aerospace, and new energy vehicles. Notably, the burgeoning prominence of advanced plastic forming methods, epitomized by the flexible medium forming process of tubes, has garnered ...

In recent years, additive manufacturing technology has attracted considerable attention from various stakeholders. Among the different techniques, Arc wire-based direct energy deposition (DED) has experienced a notable increase in development, offering compelling advantages such as cost-effectiveness and high forming efficiency. However, a high deposition rate results in extremely high heat input and temperature inhomogeneity, leading to a deterioration in surface quality, a reduction in material properties, an increase in residual stresses and even distortion and cracking. Consequently, the current research agenda is focused on developing methods to ensure the quality ...

RICHLAND, Wash.—Some computing challenges are so big that it’s necessary to go all in. That’s the approach a diverse team of scientists and computing experts led by the Department of Energy’s Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, along with colleagues from Microsoft and other national laboratories and universities, are taking to democratize access to emerging cloud computing resources.  The effort, outlined in a recent peer-reviewed journal publication, provides a road map to moving scientific computing resources into a sustainable ecosystem that evolves as ...

For the main energy storage system for EVs, Li-ion batteries are extensively applied owing to their excellent overall performance The safe and efficient operation of the electric vehicle significantly depends on the accurate state-of-charge (SOC) and state-of-temperature (SOT) of Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries. A recent breakthrough study presented by researchers from the Tongji University and Chongqing University introduces a co-estimation of state-of-charge and state-of-temperature for large-format lithium-ion batteries based on ...

Lithium-ion power battery technology stands out as a pivotal component in advancement of new energy electric vehicles (EVs). Battery parameter identification, as one of the core technologies to achieve an efficient battery management system (BMS), is the key to predicting and managing the performance of Li-ion batteries. A recent breakthrough study presented by researchers from Hebei University of Technology proposes an online battery model parameters identification approach based on bias-compensated forgetting factor recursive least squares. This advanced method is expected to improve the accuracy of parameter identification under different noise. The ...

Over four hundred people, 80% of them being children under 14 years old, will be diagnosed with B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (B-ALL) next year in Spain, according to the latest projections from the Spanish network of cancer registries (REDECAN). Survival rates for this rapid-growing and aggressive type of blood cancer are high in youth, but fall rapidly with age, especially after 40, stressing the need for new therapeutic alternatives. B-ALL arises when B-lymphocytes - the antibody producing cells of the immune system - fail to properly mature in the bone marrow, leading to the accumulation of immature progenitors ...