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Science

How a 3000-year-old copper smelting site could be key to understanding the origins of iron

Research from Cranfield University sheds new light onto the transition from the Bronze Age to the Iron Age, showing how experimentation with iron-rich rocks by copper smelters may have sparked the invention of iron. The work reanalysed metallurgical remains from a site in southern Georgia: a 3000-year-old smelting workshop called Kvemo Bolnisi. During the original analysis in the 1950s, piles of hematite (an iron oxide mineral) and slag (a waste product of the metal production) were found in the workshop. ...

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Science

Volumetric study shows objective effects of hyaluronic acid filler injections

September 26, 2025 — Initial and follow-up 3D digital scans provide new insights into the effects of hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers in restoring facial volume and fullness, reports a study in the October issue of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery®, the official medical journal of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS). The journal is published in the Lippincott portfolio by Wolters Kluwer. "Our study combines objective measurements of volumetric effects with patient satisfaction and other subjective outcomes to provide a deeper understanding of the immediate and ...

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Science

Child and adolescent firearm-related homicide occurring at home

About The Study: This study found that nearly one-quarter of pediatric firearm-related homicides occurred at home. Young children were more often affected. These data point to domestic violence and child abuse as significant risk factors for in-home firearm homicide. Traditional safe storage laws may be inadequate preventive measures. Extreme risk protection orders and mandatory domestic violence–related firearm relinquishment may prevent these deaths and warrant further investigation. Corresponding ...

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Science

In-home gun homicides of children has more than doubled since 2010

Nearly one-quarter of child and adolescent victims of firearm homicide were killed in their own homes from 2020-2021, including nearly two-thirds of child victims aged 12 and under, UCLA-led research finds. The findings, to be published Sept. 26 in the peer-reviewed JAMA Surgery, also found that rates of in-home firearm homicide have more than doubled among children and adolescents since 2010. They found that these cases were often linked with intimate partner violence and child abuse. Parents were the most common assailants for these homicides. These data suggest that Extreme Risk Protection ...

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Science

Children with chronic conditions may face higher risk of food insecurity, study suggests

Food insecurity is more common among children with a chronic medical condition than those without one, a new study suggests. The prevalence of food insecurity remained higher in this group even after adjusting for key family and household characteristics, including income, education and employment status, according to the Michigan Medicine-led research in JAMA Network Open. “Our study suggests that children with chronic conditions should be prioritized in efforts to reduce the harms of food insecurity,” said lead author Nina Hill, M.D., a postdoctoral research ...

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Science

Food outreach specialists make positive impact on childhood food insecurity

DENVER — One effective way of tackling childhood food insecurity could be hiring and collaborating with food outreach specialists in pediatrician offices, according to research presented during the American Academy of Pediatrics 2025 National Conference & Exhibition at the Colorado Convention Center from Sept. 26-30. The research, titled “Addressing Childhood Food Insecurity: An Integrated and Community-Based Approach,” placed a food outreach specialist from a local community organization in an urban Midwest clinic to serve as a liaison ...

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Science

Stricter gun laws associated with decreased in-home pediatric firearm homicides

DENVER — States that have adopted stronger gun control legislation experience lower rates of in-home pediatric firearm homicides, according to research presented during the American Academy of Pediatrics 2025 National Conference & Exhibition at the Colorado Convention Center Sept. 26-30. The research, “Killed in Their Own Homes: The Rise of Pediatric Firearm In-Home Homicides and Association with State Firearm Laws,” examined data from the National Violent Death Reporting System and U.S. Census Bureau from 2005 to 2021, focusing on pediatric in-home firearm homicides. The pool was then narrowed ...

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Science

Emergency calls for pediatric opioid exposure on rise: New research

DENVER — Years after the opioid epidemic began in the mid-1990s, emergency medical services are seeing increases in emergency calls for pre-teens and adolescents, according to research presented during the American Academy of Pediatrics 2025 National Conference & Exhibition at the Colorado Convention Center from Sept. 26-30. The research, “EMS Calls for Pediatric Patients Ages 11-18 years with Opioid Exposures using NEMSIS data,” examined calls for services due to suspected pediatric opioid ...

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Science

Lightweight UAV object detection with reparameterized convolutions and shallow fusion networks

Remote sensing object detection is a rapidly growing field in artificial intelligence, playing a critical role in advancing the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for real-world applications such as disaster response, urban planning, and environmental monitoring. Yet, designing models that balance both high accuracy and fast, lightweight performance remains a challenge. UAVs often capture images where objects appear in different sizes, angles, and lighting conditions, all while operating on devices with limited computing power. This creates the need for innovative ...

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Science

Emergency departments report more consults for hospice, palliative care

EAST LANSING, Mich. – One-third of Americans will visit an emergency department, or ED, within a month of their death. While EDs are primarily purposed to provide emergent care, they’re increasingly becoming an initial touchpoint for hospice and palliative care, or HPC, referrals and consultations, according to a new study from several researchers at Henry Ford Health + Michigan State University Health Sciences. The article, which will appear in the November 2025 issue of the American Journal of Emergency Medicine, shares findings from the largest study to date that evaluates hospice and palliative care consultations ...

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Science

PSU research shows Portland transit-oriented developments reduce car trips, especially at affordable housing sites

New research from Portland State University’s Transportation Research and Education Center (TREC) shows that transit-oriented developments (TODs) in the Portland metro area generate far fewer car trips than standard estimates suggest—especially at sites that include affordable housing. A 2025 report, "Portland Metro Transit-Oriented Developments (TODs): 2024 Resident Survey Findings (PDF)," builds on a long-running PSU study tracking TOD residents since 2005. Led by Nathan McNeil, Jennifer Dill, and Kyuri Kim, the research surveyed residents at TODs built between 2018 and 2023 across ...

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Science

Handbook offers in-depth exploration of information history

A new book co-edited by Professor Emeritus Alistair Black and Associate Professor Bonnie Mak (School of Information Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign), Toni Weller (De Montfort University), and Laura Skouvig (University of Copenhagen) provides a field-defining, comprehensive study of information history. The Routledge Handbook of Information History, released last month by Routledge, examines how society, politics, culture, and technology have shaped information practices over millennia. The 638-page volume features more than forty contributors from around the world. Black and Mak each contributed a chapter in the book and jointly authored the opening chapter which ...

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Science

UAlbany Atmospheric scientists awarded $855K NOAA grant for water isotope research

ALBANY, N.Y. (Sept. 25, 2025) — Researchers at the University at Albany are exploring a new method to improve weather and climate forecasts that relies on a tiny but powerful assistant — stable water isotopes. Water isotopes are the naturally occurring variations of hydrogen and oxygen atoms within water molecules. Isotopes have slightly different masses but the same chemical properties, acting like fingerprints that reveal information about a sample’s origin and history. By measuring differences in isotope masses in rainfall, snow, or even ice, scientists can trace where moisture came from, how it ...

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Science

MD Anderson experts highlight top trends ahead of 2025 ASTRO meeting

Major themes include advances in actionable biomarkers in pancreatic cancer, proton therapy, artificial intelligence and theranostics MD Anderson researchers will present more than 65 abstracts, including several providing breakthroughs within these themes Recent advances in radiation oncology have led to shorter treatment times, increased early disease detection, and artificial intelligence applications that continue to improve cancer care. Ahead of this week's 2025 American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) Annual Meeting, researchers from The University ...

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Science

Babies who grow up around dogs may have a lower risk of developing childhood asthma

Babies exposed to dog allergens in the home have a lower risk of developing asthma by the age of five years, according to research that will be presented at the European Respiratory Society (ERS) Congress in Amsterdam, the Netherlands [1]. The researchers also studied babies’ exposure to cat allergens but did not find the same protective effect. The research was by a team from The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids) in Toronto, Canada, led by Dr Makiko Nanishi, and will be presented by Dr Jacob McCoy. Speaking ahead of the Congress Dr McCoy said: “Asthma is a very common chronic respiratory illness in children, with the highest rates in the ...

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Science

New book examines language loss among multilingual speakers

UNIVERSITY PARK, Pa. — Penn State Professor of German and Linguistics Michael Putnam has spent a good part of his career thinking about language attrition, or “language loss,” among bi- and multilingual speakers. Now, it’s the basis of his latest book. Putnam and David Natvig, associate professor of Nordic linguistics at the University of Stavanger in Norway, are the authors of the new book, “An Introduction to Language Attrition: Linguistic, Social, and Cognitive Perspectives.” Published by Routledge, the book provides ...

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Science

Q&A: Insect pollinators need more higher-quality habitats to help farmers, new research says

Bees and butterflies help produce our food by pollinating the crops farmers grow. In fact, 35% of the world's food crops, including fruits, vegetables, nuts and seeds, depend on pollinators. But agricultural land is a poor substitute for wild habitat — it often lacks the food and shelter that insect pollinators require. To stay healthy, these creatures need access to pockets of more natural land amid all the agriculture. Currently, pollinators around the world and in Washington are in decline, in part because of the loss of their wild habitat. In a new study, a team of scientists from around the world analyzed a massive dataset ...

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Science

“What if” scenario reveals the impact of a drastically smaller NIH

Roughly half of all FDA-approved drugs from 2000 onward rely on publications funded by grants that would have been cut assuming a 40% reduction in U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding in past decades, say authors of a new Policy Forum. In this piece, Pierre Azoulay and colleagues present an analysis of a hypothetical alternative history. “Assuming that the near term resembles the recent past,” they say, “our analysis indicates that substantial NIH budget cuts – including those implemented at the funding margin – could curtail research ...

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Science

Revealed: How fungus-farming termites protect gardens from invaders

Some termites form symbiotic relationships with fungus. When harmful fungi invade their carefully cultivated crops, these fungus-farming termites fight back with the precision of skilled gardeners, a new study reveals, smothering them in soil clumps enriched with microbial allies that inhibit fungal growth. Fungus-farming termites, like Odontotermes obesus, maintain a vital symbiotic relationship with the fungus Termitomyces, cultivating it in specialized nutritional substrates called combs that provide both a reliable food source for the termites and an ideal habitat for the fungus. ...

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Science

Different color-changing strategies better protect prey, depending on conditions

A global experiment looking at how birds respond to 15,000 paper “moths” reveals that no color-changing strategy to deter predators is universally effective; both camouflage and warning coloration succeed under different ecological conditions, the study shows. Predation is a powerful force shaping evolution, driving the development of two major antipredator color strategies: camouflage, which helps prey to blend into their surroundings to avoid detection, and aposematism, in which prey advertise genuine defenses or, in the case of mimics, deceptive protection, using bright and conspicuous warning colors. Both strategies can be effective under different ecological ...

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Science

Leaving a mark: New research shows how longevity is inherited across generations

New research in the roundworm C. elegans shows how changes in the parent’s lysosomes that promote longevity are transferred to its offspring. The work describes a new link between lysosomes—cellular organelles once thought to be the cell’s recycling center—and the epigenome—a set of chemical marks that modify gene expression. The study also details a new way that epigenetic information is transmitted from cells in the body to reproductive cells, allowing changes to be inherited without affecting the genetic ...

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Science

MSK Research Highlights, September 25, 2025

New research from Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK) highlights the importance of tumor location in metastasis; shows how regulatory T cells work with sensory nerves in the skin to restrain pain and inflammation; explores whether a large language model can adequately summarize cancer patients’ experiences with pain; and finds proton therapy is effective at treating leptomeningeal metastasis. In metastasis, genetics meet geography, study finds Mutations that drive the growth and survival of cancer cells can help a primary tumor spread to new sites, but the extent to which they help sustain tumor growth at these metastatic sites has been unclear. An MSK-led ...

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Science

Deadly pathogens found in commercial raw cat foods

ITHACA, N.Y. – An analysis of commercial raw cat foods detected disease-causing microbes, including some that are resistant to antibiotics, creating risks for both pets and their owners, according to a new Cornell University study. The paper, published in Communications Biology, found Salmonella, Cronobacter and E. coli in such foods as raw or partially cooked meat sold frozen, refrigerated and freeze-dried in stores and online. These pathogens can transfer from pets to humans and are of special concern for young children, and people who are old, pregnant and ...

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Science

FAU awarded US EPA grant to integrate genetics in Florida bay sponge restoration

Andia Chaves-Fonnegra, Ph.D., an associate professor of biology at Florida Atlantic University’s Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute and Harriet L. Wilkes Honors College, has been awarded a five-year, $720,446 grant from the United States EPA to support a pioneering project aimed at restoring sponge populations in Florida Bay through a genetics-based approach. Florida Bay is a shallow body of water between the southern tip of mainland Florida and the Florida Keys. It is part of Everglades National Park, which supports important marine life like sponges, fish and spiny lobster. The project marks the first genetic assessment of sponge restoration ...

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