Evidence is mounting that astronauts are more susceptible to infections while in space. For example, astronauts on board the International Space Station (ISS) commonly suffer from skin rashes, as well as respiratory and non-respiratory diseases. Astronauts are also known to shed more live virus particles, for example Epstein-Barr virus, varicella-zoster responsible for shingles, herpes-simplex-1 responsible for sores, and cytomegalovirus. These observations suggest that our immune system might be weakened by space travel. But what could cause such an immune deficit? “Here we show that the expression of many ...

As North America recovers from some of the worst air quality in decades due to wildfires, one of the largest and most comprehensive studies into the long-term health impact of smoke exposure raises significant concerns about the long-term health impact of the Canadian wildfires. The study found that a 10 μg/m3 increase of wildfire-related PM2.5 exposure was associated with a 0.4% higher risk of all-cause and nonaccidental mortality, and a 0.5% increase in risk of dying from neoplasms.  On June 8, at the peak of the wildfire pollution, ...

The lack of registration of medicines in Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda is limiting access to safe, effective, and affordable essential medicines, according to a new analysis from Newcastle University in the UK and Makerere University in Uganda, published by the Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. Before a medicine can be made available in a country, manufacturers must apply to the medicine regulatory agency of the country for a licence to sell it and demonstrate the medicine is safe and effective. This is known as market registration. The researchers compared the ...

Researchers have shed light on how a highly infectious virus, that has recently transferred from animals to people, is able to enter human cells. The University of Queensland’s Dr Ariel Isaacs and Dr Yu Shang Low have uncovered the structure of the fusion protein of Langya virus, which was discovered in people in eastern China in August 2022. Dr Isaacs said the virus caused fever and severe respiratory symptoms and was from the same class of viruses as the deadly Nipah and Hendra viruses. “We’re ...

Alexandria, VA – The International Association for Dental Research (IADR) announced nine recipients of the 2023 IADR Centennial Travel Awards for New Investigators. The recipients were recognized during the Opening Ceremonies of the 101st General Session of the IADR, which was held in conjunction with the 9th Meeting of the Latin American Region and the 12th World Congress on Preventive Dentistry, that took place on June 21, 2023, in Bogotá, Colombia. The recipients are: Sebastián ...

Alexandria, VA – The International Association for Dental Research (IADR) announced six recipients of the 2023 IADR Colgate Research Travel Awards. The recipients were recognized during the Opening Ceremonies of the 101st General Session of the IADR, which was held in conjunction with the 9th Meeting of the Latin American Region and the 12th World Congress on Preventive Dentistry, that took place on June 21, 2023, in Bogotá, Colombia. The recipients are: Alaa Al Atta, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates Leonardo Libardi Pagotto, ...

Alexandria, VA – The International Association for Dental Research (IADR) announced five recipients of the 2023 IADR Kulzer Travel Awards. The recipients were recognized during the Opening Ceremonies of the 101st General Session of the IADR, which was held in conjunction with the 9th Meeting of the Latin American Region and the 12th World Congress on Preventive Dentistry, that took place on June 21, 2023, in Bogotá, Colombia. The recipients are: Alaa Al Atta, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates Apurva Mishra, National University of Singapore Clarice Sabino, São Paulo State University, Brazil Po-Chun Tseng, Ludwig Maximilian ...

Alexandria, VA – The International Association for Dental Research (IADR) has announced that Marina Miteva is the 2023 recipient of the IADR Newell W. Johnson Travel Award. Miteva, from Medical University of Sofia, Bulgaria, was recognized during the Opening Ceremonies of the 101st General Session of the IADR, which was held in conjunction with the 9th Meeting of the Latin American Region and the 12th World Congress on Preventive Dentistry, that took place on June 21, 2023, in Bogotá, Colombia. Miteva’s ...

Alexandria, VA, USA – The International Association for Dental Research (IADR) announced that Domenick Zero is this year’s recipient of the IADR Distinguished Scientist William H. Bowen Research in Dental Caries Award. Zero, from Indiana University, Indianapolis, USA, was recognized during the Opening Ceremonies of the 101st General Session of the IADR, which was held in conjunction with the 9th Meeting of the Latin American Region and the 12th World Congress on Preventive Dentistry, that took place on June 21, 2023, in Bogotá, Colombia. Zero is Professor, Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Indiana University. A central theme ...

Alexandria, VA – The International Association for Dental Research (IADR) has announced the 2023 recipients of the IADR LION Dental Research Award. The recipients were recognized during the Opening Ceremonies of the 101st General Session of the IADR, which was held in conjunction with the 9th Meeting of the Latin American Region and the 12th World Congress on Preventive Dentistry, that took place on June 21, 2023, in Bogotá, Colombia. The 2023 Recipients are: Mateus Xavier Queiroz, University ...

Alexandria, VA – The International Association for Dental Research (IADR) has announced that María Paula Contreras Becerra is the 2023 recipient of the IADR David B. Scott Fellowship. Contreras Becerra, from the Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNAL), Bogotá, was recognized during the Opening Ceremonies of the 101st General Session of the IADR, which was held in conjunction with the 9th Meeting of the Latin American Region and the 12th World Congress on Preventive Dentistry, that took place on June 21, 2023, in Bogotá, Colombia. Contreras Becerra’s ...

Alexandria, VA – The International Association for Dental Research (IADR) has announced that Salma Kabbashi is the recipient of the 2023 IADR John Gray Fellowship. Kabbashi, from the University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa, was recognized during the Opening Ceremonies of the 101st General Session of the IADR, which was held in conjunction with the 9th Meeting of the Latin American Region and the 12th World Congress on Preventive Dentistry, that took place on June 21, 2023, in Bogotá, Colombia. Kabbashi’s research work seeks to support ...

Alexandria, VA – The International Association for Dental Research (IADR) and American Association for Dental, Oral, and Craniofacial Research (AADOCR) have announced the winner of the 2023 IADR/AADOCR William J. Gies Award in the category of Biological Research. The winning paper in the biologic research category was recognized during the Opening Ceremonies of the 101st General Session of the IADR, which was held in conjunction with the 9th Meeting of the Latin American Region and the 12th World Congress on Preventive Dentistry, that took place on June 21, 2023, in Bogotá, Colombia. The winning paper in the biologic research ...

Alexandria, VA – The International Association for Dental Research (IADR) has announced that Chenmin Yao is the recipient of the 2023 IADR Toshio Nakao Fellowship. Yao, from Wuhan University, China, was recognized during the Opening Ceremonies of the 101st General Session of the IADR, which was held in conjunction with the 9th Meeting of the Latin American Region and the 12th World Congress on Preventive Dentistry, that took place on June 21, 2023, in Bogotá, Colombia. Yao started her postgraduate ...

Alexandria, VA – The International Association for Dental Research (IADR) has announced the 2023 recipients of the IADR STAR Network Fellowship. The recipients were recognized during the Opening Ceremonies of the 101st General Session of the IADR, which was held in conjunction with the 9th Meeting of the Latin American Region and the 12th World Congress on Preventive Dentistry, that took place on June 21, 2023, in Bogotá, Colombia. The 2023 Recipients are: Karol Ali Apaza Alccayhuaman, Medical University of Vienna, Austria Meisser Madera, Universidad de Cartagena, Colombia Maja ...

A UK-wide consortium is developing technologies to use nanoparticles as state-of-the-art sensors on small, shoebox-sized satellites known as CubeSats. The Universities of Warwick, Swansea and Strathclyde have been awarded £250k to further research into nanoparticles and quantum physics in the application of space technology. Recent advances in the field of levitated optomechanics (the motion of tiny particles held and measured in free space by laser light), have shown that nanoparticles can exhibit behaviours that are governed by the laws of quantum mechanics (a fundamental theory which describes how atoms and subatomic particles interact). This has led to nanoparticles, which are ...

Alexandria, VA, USA – The International Association for Dental Research (IADR) has announced Adrian Krainer as the 2023 recipient of IADR’s Honorary Membership. Krainer, from Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York, USA, was recognized during the Opening Ceremonies of the 101st General Session of the IADR, which was held in conjunction with the 9th Meeting of the Latin American Region and the 12th World Congress on Preventive Dentistry, that took place on June 21, 2023, in Bogotá, ...

INTRODUCTION Coastal sand dunes provide the first line of defense from storms for some of the most economically valuable and ecologically important landscapes in the world (1–3). A current and broadly accepted paradigm is that vegetation reduces the erosion of these dunes during wave attack (4–7). The existing body of dune research shows that a greater size (8), density (9–11), and diversity (12) of plants are associated with less erosion, although these studies have been limited ...

What started as a simple errand to deposit a check at a bank drive-through became the kind of “aha” moment found mostly in books and movies. Georgia Tech researchers had been working on an idea to simplify traditional direct air capture (DAC) systems. Their approach used ambient wind flow to draw air across a new kind of coated carbon fiber to grab CO2. That would eliminate the loud fans used in many systems. And the carbon fiber strands could be quickly heated to release the captured carbon dioxide with ...

The industrial sector – made up of businesses that support processing raw materials for manufacturing and consumer goods – is a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions and one that has proven difficult to decarbonize. In China, much of the industrial sector is organized into ‘parks’ that have been zoned as areas for concentrated industrial activities. China has more than 2,500 industrial parks that are currently largely powered by coal. A recent study led by researchers at Princeton University finds that this clustering of industry provides unique and overlooked opportunities for targeted energy supply emissions reduction ...

Antarctic ice shelves have experienced only minor changes in surface melt rates over the past four decades, unlike the rapid increase in surface melt experienced by Greenland’s glaciers during the same time period, according to new research. The news is not cause for celebration just yet, though—the researchers expect Antarctic ice shelf surface melt rates to increase substantially in the coming decades due to rising global air temperatures. Ice shelves are the parts of glaciers that extend into the ocean and float on top of seawater. In a new study published today in Geophysical Research Letters, glaciologists ...

 The National Academy of Medicine (NAM) is partnering with a group of leading health, bioethics, equity, tech, patient advocacy, and research organizations, including The Hastings Center, to develop an Artificial Intelligence Code of Conduct (AICC). Dr. Vardit Ravitsky, incoming president of The Hastings Center, who will serve on the steering committee, said, “we must urgently develop guidance for the ethical use of AI – perhaps the most transformative technology of our generation.”  ...

As the climate changes, living things must adapt to new environmental conditions in one of two ways – either geographically or genetically. While it’s relatively simple for scientists to track and record a species’ geographic movements, proving their genetic adaptation over time can be much more difficult. A new study led by Colorado State University researchers in Nature Climate Change is one of the first to document climate adaptation at the genomic level in a wild population. Specifically, the Southwestern Willow Flycatcher – an endangered migratory bird – has shown an increase in genetic variation ...

HOUSTON – (June 21, 2023) – Rice University bioengineers have demonstrated a low-cost, point-of-care DNA test for HPV infections that could make cervical cancer screening more accessible in low- and middle-income countries where the disease kills more than 300,000 women each year. HPV, a family of viruses, infects nearly everyone at some point in their lives, often without symptoms. But more than a dozen types of HPV can cause persistent infections that result in cervical cancer, which is preventable and curable ...

With malaria becoming increasingly drug-resistant, a team of UCF researchers is looking to use cancer drugs to accelerate the discovery of new life-saving therapies for the disease. In a study funded by a 5-year $3.8 million grant from the National Institutes of Health, UCF molecular parasitologist Debopam Chakrabarti and cancer molecular biologist Ratna Chakrabarti are partnering with Nathanael Gray, co-leader of the cancer therapeutics research program at Stanford University and Elizabeth Winzeler, a malaria drug development expert from the University of California San Diego, to test cancer drugs for malaria-fighting ...