Taking greater investment risks with technologies and new lines of business can help lower emissions from the aviation industry, one of the world’s fastest-growing sources of climate pollution, shows new research from UCD Michael Smurfit Graduate Business School. The full article, “Mobilizing Capital and Technology for a Clean Aviation Industry,” was first published in Science, one of the world’s top academic journals.   Cutting planet-warming pollution to near-zero will take more than inventing new clean technologies; ...

WASHINGTON, Oct. 21, 2025 — Measuring how well blood flows to the brain is crucial for understanding a wide range of neurological issues, from strokes to migraines to traumatic brain injuries. Obtaining such measurements noninvasively, however, remains a challenge. The scalp and skull not only obstruct viewing the brain directly but also have their own blood supply, further complicating cerebral blood flow measurements. In APL Bioengineering, by AIP Publishing, researchers from the California Institute of Technology, the University of Southern California, Rancho Research Institute, the University of Toledo, and the National Neuroscience Institute of Singapore ...

Measuring blood flow in the brain is critical for responding to a range of neurological problems, including stroke, traumatic brain injury (TBI) and vascular dementia. But existing techniques, including magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography, are expensive and therefore not widely available. Researchers from the USC Neurorestoration Center and the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) have built a simple, noninvasive alternative. The device takes a technique currently used in animal studies known as speckle contrast optical ...

About The Study: Among privately insured individuals, the use of colonoscopy and fecal immunochemical tests decreased after the COVID-19 pandemic while stool DNA test use increased, with differences by sex, area-level socioeconomic status, and metropolitan area residence.  Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Sunny Siddique, MD, PhD, email sunny.siddique@yale.edu. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ (doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.38578) Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including ...

WASHINGTON, Oct. 21, 2025 — Seaweed is found around the world. In fact, the name “seaweed” comprises a diverse range of species, from microscopic phytoplankton to the giant forests found in various bodies of water. Seaweed species aren’t just crucial parts of marine ecosystems, though; they also provide numerous health benefits for humans and have been dubbed a superfood by marketing companies, a term used to encompass healthy, nutrient-rich foods.  In Biointerphases, an AVS journal published by AIP Publishing, researchers from Oregon State University found yet another ...

PROVIDENCE, R.I. [Brown University] — As more people turn to ChatGPT and other large language models (LLMs) for mental health advice, a new study details how these chatbots — even when prompted to use evidence-based psychotherapy techniques — systematically violate ethical standards of practice established by organizations like the American Psychological Association.  The research, led by Brown University computer scientists working side-by-side with mental health practitioners, showed that chatbots are prone to a variety of ethical violations. Those include inappropriately navigating crisis situations, ...

People who use both cannabis and tobacco show distinct brain changes compared to those who use cannabis alone, according to a new study led by McGill University researchers at the Douglas Research Centre. The finding may help explain why people who use both cannabis and tobacco often report increased depression and anxiety, and why quitting cannabis is harder for them than for people only using cannabis “This is the first evidence in humans of a molecular mechanism that may underlie why people who use both cannabis and tobacco experience worse outcomes,” said lead author Rachel Rabin, Associate Professor in McGill’s Department of Psychiatry ...

“The major issue is that longevity clinics not yet embedded within mainstream medical practice.” BUFFALO, NY — October 21, 2025 — A new editorial was published in Aging-US on October 13, 2025, titled “Longevity clinics: between promise and peril.” In this editorial, Marco Demaria, Editor-in-Chief of Aging-US, from the European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University ...

The ability of immune cells—particularly CD8+ T cells—to launch a rapid burst of proliferation inside tumors is key to the success of modern day cancer immunotherapies. However, the factors and mechanisms that drive this burst in proliferation remain poorly understood, making it difficult to predict which patients will benefit from treatment. A deeper understanding of this T cell burst could also guide the development of new therapies that enhance T cell proliferation and improve treatment outcomes. To tackle this challenge, an international team of researchers led by Associate Professor Satoshi Ueha and Professor Kouji Matsushima from the Research ...

(WASHINGTON — October 21, 2025) – In pregnant women with sickle cell disease, the risk of developing early-onset preeclampsia can be determined by measuring levels of a protein associated with placental function and development. These findings provide insight that may help clinicians to anticipate and mitigate adverse pregnancy outcomes and were published in the journal Blood Advances.   “Patients with sickle cell disease are at high risk for developing preeclampsia, but the challenge is that these patients ...

Engineers at the University of California San Diego have created a new method to make large language models (LLMs) — such as the ones that power chatbots and protein sequencing tools — learn new tasks using significantly less data and computing power. LLMs are made up of billions of parameters that determine how they process information. Traditional fine-tuning methods adjust all of these parameters, which can be costly and prone to overfitting — when a model memorizes patterns instead of truly understanding them, causing it to perform poorly on new examples. The new method developed by UC San Diego engineers takes a smarter approach. ...

Miami (October 21, 2025) – The Bronchiectasis and NTM Association has accepted eight Care Center and 17 Clinical Associate Center sites in 14 states into the Bronchiectasis and NTM Care Center Network (CCN). The CCN includes 58 centers across the United States.   The CCN aims to facilitate access to specialized care and support for the hundreds of thousands of people with bronchiectasis and nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) lung disease.    “The prevalence of bronchiectasis and NTM lung disease continues to increase. Patients deserve access to high-quality, specialized care and resources,” said Doreen Addrizzo-Harris, M.D., Chair of ...

     Study involved 160 amputees treated at two hospitals in Ukraine      At one month, botulinum toxin group saw a four-point pain drop versus one point for standard care group      At three months, the trend shifted as effects of botulinum toxin waned      Senior author is a retired U.S. Army colonel and physician who traveled to Ukraine to launch the study and collaborate with local doctors CHICAGO --- Botulinum toxin injections provided greater short-term relief for phantom limb pain than standard medical and surgical care among Ukrainian war amputees, reports a new study led by Northwestern ...

A hug can soothe your mind, reduce your stress and actually activate oxytocin, the “love hormone,” in your body. But new research from Binghamton University, State University of New York reveals that not all hugs are harmless – some partners use touch as a means of control. People with “dark triad” personality traits –  narcissism, psychopathy and Machiavellianism – are more likely to use touch to manipulate their partners, according to a new paper published in Current Psychology by Richard Mattson, professor of psychology at Binghamton University, and a team of students. “What’s new about our work ...

Type 2 diabetes (T2D), once considered an adult-onset disease, is increasing at alarming rates in children and adolescents. Before the mid-1990s, just 1% to 2% of youth with diabetes had T2D. Today, that number has skyrocketed to between 24% and 45%, with the average age of diagnosis hovering around 13 years old. This troubling trend closely tracks with the ongoing rise in childhood obesity. While genetics, diet and physical activity all play roles in T2D risk, new research from Florida Atlantic University’s Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine highlights another key factor in T2D risk: where a child lives. Researchers conducted a large-scale study to explore ...

Brain connectivity patterns and environmental factors predict which older adults will successfully increase physical activity after receiving a cardiovascular diagnosis. Nagashree Thovinakere and colleagues studied 295 cognitively healthy but physically inactive older adults from the UK Biobank who received cardiovascular diagnoses during a roughly four-year period. The authors tracked which people increased their activity level to the moderate-to-vigorous physical activity levels recommended by the World Health Organization, using both self-reports and accelerometer data. The authors used machine learning to ...

Algorithms that identify influential people in social networks can help maximize the reach of messages, but a modeling study shows that those same algorithms can disseminate information inequitably, potentially exacerbating existing social inequalities. From public health campaigns to information about social services, algorithms that identify “influencers” have been used to maximize reach. Vedran Sekara and colleagues used the independent cascade model on synthetic and diverse real-world social networks, including connections between households in multiple villages, connections between political bloggers, Facebook friendships, and scientific collaborations. The authors ...

The HCS-3DX platform performs automated analysis of three-dimensional cell cultures, known as spheroids. Using AI-based image processing and sample selection, the system enables large-scale, high-precision screening of cellular models within a fraction of the usual time. “Our goal was to create a unified platform that integrates the strengths of existing technologies and can be easily implemented in research and industry” said Ákos Diósdi, first author of the study. According to Dr. Péter Horváth, director of the Institute of Biochemistry at the HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged and senior author of ...

Offline social networks, revealed by co-location data, predict US voting patterns more accurately than online social connections or residential sorting. Michele Tizzoni and colleagues analyzed large-scale data on co-location patterns from Meta’s Data for Good program, which collates anonymized data collected from people who enabled location services on the Facebook smartphone app. Colocation is defined as two people being within the same map tile, which is less than 600×600 meters, depending on latitude. The political affiliation of each person was inferred ...

Anode-free metal batteries represent an exciting new design, where prefabricated anodes are eliminated to maximize energy densities. For example, in magnesium (Mg) metal batteries, instead of starting with an Mg anode, only a bare metal, usually copper (Cu) or Zinc (Zn), current collector is used as the anode side. When the batteries are first charged, Mg from the cathode deposits directly onto this collector, forming a thin Mg layer that acts as the anode. This avoids excess anode materials, making batteries lighter, more compact, and cheaper. Unfortunately, these batteries suffer from dendrite formation, which significantly affects battery ...

Scientists at the Ruđer Bošković Institute (RBI) in Zagreb, Croatia, have discovered that the protein CENP-E, long believed to act as a motor dragging chromosomes into place during cell division, in fact plays a completely different role in chromosome movement. It stabilizes the first attachments of chromosomes to the cell’s internal “tracks,” ensuring they line up correctly before being divided. In a related study, scientists found that small structures inside our cells, called centromeres, which were once thought to function independently, help guide this key ...

Arc Institute, Gladstone Institutes, and University of California, San Francisco, scientists have developed an epigenetic editing platform that enables safe modification of multiple genes in primary human T cells, addressing a key manufacturing and scalability challenge in next-generation cell therapies. The research, published October 21, 2025, in Nature Biotechnology, demonstrates how CRISPRoff and CRISPRon can reprogram a patient’s own T cells for therapeutic purposes without the cell toxicity and DNA damage associated with traditional gene editing approaches. A growing number of T cell therapies, including CAR-T ...

Once considered a fringe idea, the prospect of offsetting global warming by releasing massive quantities of sunlight-reflecting particles into Earth’s atmosphere is now a matter of serious scientific consideration. Hundreds of studies have modeled how this form of solar geoengineering, known as stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI), might work. There is a real possibility that nations or even individuals seeking a stopgap solution to climate change may try SAI—but the proponents dramatically ...

Do you have a memory so vivid you can relive it as if it's happening all over again, re-experiencing the physical sensations and emotions just as you did in that moment? Researchers at the Universities of Cambridge and Durham want to understand more about vivid memories: how these experiences differ from person to person, how they evolve as we age, and how they changed across modern history. To do it, they need your help. The team has launched an online public survey asking people to describe two of their most vivid memories. They’re hoping for thousands of responses from people of all age-groups ...

21 October 2025 – It sounds bizarre, but they exist: crystals made of rotating objects. Physicists from Aachen, Düsseldorf, Mainz and Wayne State (Detroit, USA) have jointly studied these exotic objects and their properties. They easily break into individual fragments, have odd grain boundaries and evidence defects that can be controlled in a targeted fashion. In an article published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), the researchers outline how several new properties of such “transverse interaction” ...