CLEVELAND, Ohio (Oct 21, 2025)—Many symptoms, such as hot flashes and vaginal dryness, are commonly associated with the menopause transition. One of the lesser-known symptoms that worsens in midlife is dry eyes. A new study suggests that postmenopausal women exhibit a higher prevalence of dry eye disease than perimenopausal women. Results of the study will be presented at the 2025 Annual Meeting of The Menopause Society in Orlando October 21-25. Dry eye disease is a relatively common disease characterized by eyes not providing enough tears or ...

Kyoto, Japan -- Life-history variation is fundamental to the long-term persistence of populations and species because it ensures their ability to adapt to changing environments. Many important studies have focused on life-history variation between habitats, but the variation maintained within a habitat has often been overlooked. Unravelling this puzzle at the landscape level is critical for understanding the spatial scales at which adaption and population persistence operate in nature. This motivated a team of researchers at Kyoto University to investigate life-history variation in masu salmon. "We wanted to understand how the variation in life-history is partitioned within and ...

CLEVELAND, Ohio (Oct 21, 2025)—The prevalence of metabolic syndrome, a dangerous and potentially deadly condition, increases with menopause. That’s the result of decreasing estrogen that protects against these metabolic conditions. A new study not only identified the prevalence of metabolic syndrome but also sought to determine its association with the age of natural menopause. Results of the study will be presented at the 2025 Annual Meeting of The Menopause Society in Orlando, October 21-25. Metabolic syndrome is a serious condition because it is a cluster of risk factors, including obesity, high blood pressure, ...

CLEVELAND, Ohio (Oct 21, 2025)—Women face a higher risk of developing both cardiovascular disease and Alzheimer’s disease than men. Cardiovascular disease is linked to an increased likelihood of Alzheimer’s disease, especially among women. A new study investigated whether earlier age at menopause influences the association between cardiac function and brain health. Results of the study will be presented at the 2025 Annual Meeting of The Menopause Society in Orlando October 21-25. Reduced cardiac function can affect brain health by limiting the essential supply of oxygen and ...

CLEVELAND, Ohio (Oct 21, 2025)—Anxiety is a common and significant symptom of menopause and perimenopause, largely due to hormone fluctuations. Numerous studies have focused on the potential benefits of hormone therapy in reducing anxiety. A new systematic review indicates the treatment does not consistently impact anxiety symptoms in midlife women. Results of the review will be presented at the 2025 Annual Meeting of The Menopause Society in Orlando, October 21-25. Anxiety can manifest in a number of ways, including nervousness, ...

CLEVELAND, Ohio (Oct 21, 2025)—Not all healthcare professionals receive the same type of formal education. That may help explain the results of a new study which suggests that provider type and specialty greatly affect whether a woman receives prescription medication treatment for menopause-related care and, if so, what kind of treatment she receives. Results of the study will be presented at the 2025 Annual Meeting of The Menopause Society in Orlando October 21-25. Menopause represents a time of significant physiological and psychosocial transition with symptoms that affect up to 80% of women. Hormone therapy ...

CLEVELAND, Ohio (Oct 22, 2025)—Women are significantly more likely than men to develop Alzheimer’s disease. Earlier age at menopause is associated with a greater risk for late-life cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s disease. A new study suggests that this risk is even higher in women who carry the APOE e4 gene variant or who have systemic inflammation. Study results will be presented at the 2025 Annual Meeting of The Menopause Society in Orlando October 21-25. There are a number of reasons why women are more likely than men to develop Alzheimer’s ...

As artificial intelligence (AI) takes on increasingly critical roles — from managing power grids to piloting autonomous vehicles — making sure these systems are safe has never been more important. But how can we be certain that the AI controlling them can be trusted?   A research team at the University of Waterloo is addressing this question using tools from applied mathematics and machine learning to rigorously check and verify the safety of AI-driven systems.   “Any time you’re dealing with a dynamic system — something ...

Sudden cardiac death is responsible for an unusually high proportion of deaths in female bodybuilders worldwide, according to research published in the European Heart Journal [1] today (Tuesday).   Sudden cardiac death is when someone dies suddenly and unexpectedly due to a problem with their heart. It is generally rare in young and seemingly healthy individuals.   The study found the greatest risk among women competing professionally. It also revealed a high proportion of deaths from suicide and homicide ...

Garment workers face some of the most precarious working conditions in the world and are increasingly at risk from extreme heat stress caused by climate change. A new University of Sydney-led study reveals how simple, affordable interventions could offer critical protection to those working in dangerously hot conditions. Published in The Lancet Planetary Health, the study identifies low-cost and scalable strategies that can reduce heat stress and protect worker productivity in Bangladesh’s ...

UNDER STRICT EMBARGO UNTIL 00:01AM UK (BST) ON TUESDAY 21ST OCTOBER 2025 / 19:01PM US (ET) ON MONDAY 20TH OCTOBER 2025     Work, shopping, church and the pub kept different classes apart far more than ‘residential segregation’ in 1850s Manchester, undermining key assumptions about the Industrial Revolution. Historians have long assumed that Manchester’s middle classes sheltered from the poor in town houses and suburban villas. But by mapping digitized census data, new research shows that many middle-class Mancunians including doctors and engineers lived in the same buildings and streets as working-class residents including weavers and spinners.   Over ...

The winners of the Applied Microbiology International Horizon Awards 2025 have been announced. The prizes, awarded by the learned society Applied Microbiology International (AMI), celebrate the brightest minds in the field and promote the research, group, projects, products and individuals who continue to help shape the future of applied microbiology. The Horizon Awards recognise excellence across various domains of applied microbiology. Each award reflects a unique aspect of the field and its relevance to global challenges.  Dr Manu De Rycker, a Principal Investigator at the University of Dundee, has been named as the newest winner of the WH Pierce Global Impact in Microbiology ...

Sonoma County is known for its rolling fields and famed vineyards, making the region a pillar in California’s wine industry. But a sweeping new survey from UC Berkeley has found that approximately 75% of agricultural workers there have worked during wildfires since 2017, raising questions about worker safety and a program that could further expose workers during wildfire evacuations.  About half of the 1,000-plus farmworkers who participated in the study reported having ailments like headaches or sore throats after working during a wildfire. Half reported a lack of health insurance, and many worked ...

Embargoed for release until 5:00 p.m. ET on Monday 20 October 2025    Follow @Annalsofim on X, Facebook, Instagram, Bluesky, and Linkedin              Below please find summaries of new articles that will be published in the next issue of Annals of Internal Medicine. The summaries are not intended to substitute for the full articles as a source of information. This information is under strict embargo and by taking it into possession, media representatives are committing to the terms of the embargo not only on their own behalf, but also on behalf of the organization they represent.    ----------------------------     1. ...

Penn Engineers have developed a mathematical “Rosetta Stone” that translates atomic and molecular movements into predictions of larger-scale effects, like proteins unfolding, crystals forming and ice melting, without the need for costly, time-consuming simulations or experiments. That could make it easier to design smarter medicines, semiconductors and more. In a recent paper in Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, the Penn researchers used their framework, Stochastic Thermodynamics with Internal Variables (STIV), to solve a 40-year problem in phase-field ...

Scientists from Trinity College Dublin have unearthed a “universal thermal performance curve” (UTPC) that seemingly applies to all species and dictates their responses to temperature change. This UTPC essentially “shackles evolution” as no species seem to have broken free from the constraints it imposes on  how temperature affects performance. All living things are affected by temperature, but the newly discovered UTPC unifies tens of thousands of seemingly different curves that explain how well “species work” at different ...

The effects of physical activity don’t stop when the movement does.   In a new study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Virginia Tech researchers in collaboration with researchers at the University of Aberdeen and Shenzhen University found that being active adds to the total energy you use every day without causing the body to conserve energy in other ways. This is important because the health benefits of increasing physical activity are already well-documented, but there is less research about how exercise impacts a person’s “energy budget,” or the allocation of energy to different ...

The first national randomized trial of public Montessori preschool students showed stronger long-term outcomes by kindergarten, including elevated reading, memory, and executive function as compared to non-Montessori preschoolers. The research also appears highly actionable for policymakers, because the results found the Montessori programs delivered better outcomes at sharply lower costs. The study of 588 children across two dozen programs nationwide shows an imperative to follow and study these outcomes through graduation and beyond. A new national study led by researchers from the University of Virginia, University of Pennsylvania and the American Institutes for Research found ...

ANN ARBOR, Mich. –  The physical and mental health benefits of outdoor play are well established but one in 10 parents of preschoolers and toddlers say their child plays outside just once a week or less. Screen time is also increasingly part of the play routine, according to the University of Michigan Health C.S. Mott Children’s Hospital National Poll on Children’s Health: Nearly a third of parents say their child engages in media play, such as video games, while three in five say ...

While studies have linked brain areas to remembering personal experiences, brain areas involved in learning more impersonal information about the world remain unclear. In a new JNeurosci paper, Scott Fairhall and colleagues, from the University of Trento, used fMRI on 29 human volunteers as they performed a learning task to shed light on how the brain acquires semantic, impersonal information.  In the task, participants learned 120 fictitious facts about three imaginary civilizations based off fantasy works, like Game of Thrones. Nearly 2 d later, researchers assessed which facts people recalled better than others during a memory test. Brain imaging pointed to activity from distinct regions ...

Does the way a person hears about an event shape their recollection of it later? In a new JNeurosci paper, Signy Sheldon and colleagues, from McGill University, explored whether different storytelling strategies affect how the brain stores that experience as a memory and recalls it later.  The researchers created narratives with the same core events, but different elaborative details. These elaborations had two different focuses: (1) conceptual details, which describe a person’s feelings and interpretations while experiencing core events, and (2) perceptual details, such as a person’s concrete observations about core events. Neuroimaging ...

Spatial attention enhances the processing of specific regions within a visual scene as people view their surroundings, much like a spotlight. Do people orient spatial attention the same way when processing mental images from memory? Anthony Clément and Catherine Tallon-Baudry, from École normale supérieure, explored whether neural mechanisms of spatial attention differ when discriminating between locations in mental images versus visuals on a screen.  In their JNeurosci paper, the researchers present an experimental task they developed that enabled them to record brain activity while human ...

A groundbreaking study published in Hypertension, the journal of the American Heart Association, has identified a set of blood-based biomarkers that can predict improvements in blood pressure five years after adolescents underwent metabolic bariatric surgery. This is the first study to demonstrate that measures of a patient’s unique biological profile taken before weight loss surgery can outperform traditional demographic and clinical risk factors in forecasting long-term blood pressure outcomes. “This is the first time blood-based biomarkers have been identified that predict which adolescents are most likely to experience improvements in blood pressure after bariatric ...

When ultra-runners lace up for races that stretch hundreds of miles and days, they’re not merely testing their mental grit and muscle strength—they’re probing the limits of human biology. Reporting in the Cell Press journal Current Biology on October 20, researchers found that even the most extreme athletes cannot surpass an average “metabolic ceiling” of 2.5 times their basal metabolic rate (BMR) in energy expenditure.  The metabolic ceiling represents the maximum number of calories a body can burn. Previous research suggested that people can burn up to 10 times their BMR, or the minimum energy required while at rest, for short bursts. ...

Depending on where you live in the United States, the meat you eat each year could be responsible for a level of greenhouse gas emissions that's similar to what's emitted to power your house. That's according to new research from the University of Michigan and the University of Minnesota published in the journal Nature Climate Change. The study provides a first-of-its kind, systematic analysis that digs into the environmental impacts of the sprawling supply chains that the country relies on for its beef, pork and chicken. Supported in part by the U.S. National Science Foundation, the team calculated and mapped those impacts, which they've dubbed meat's ...