Researchers at the University of Southampton examining worldwide variations in funding for cancer research say there’s a pressing need to invest more in lower income countries. They also reveal research into certain treatments urgently need more money, in particular surgery and radiotherapy, and that overall annual research investment has largely decreased, globally, since 2016. The team’s study, due for publication in the journal The Lancet Oncology, shows most research income is concentrated in higher income countries, leaving others struggling to keep pace ...

University of Cambridge media release   England’s forgotten first king deserves to be famous, says Æthelstan biographer as anniversaries approach   UNDER STRICT EMBARGO UNTIL 19:01 (US ET) ON MONDAY 1ST SEPTEMBER 2025 / 00:01AM (UK TIME) ON TUESDAY 2ND SEPTEMBER 2025   A groundbreaking new biography of Æthelstan marks 1,100 years since his coronation in 925AD, reasserts his right to be called the first king of England, explains why he isn’t better known and highlights his many overlooked achievements. The book’s author, Professor David Woodman, is campaigning for greater public recognition ...

As the UK and other NATO nations dramatically increase defence spending to counter growing global aggressions, one under-recognised aspect of security debates is the role of the arms industry.  And as London prepares to host the world’s largest arms fair next week, health professionals must do more to counterbalance the arms industry’s influence on government agendas and its damaging effects on human and planetary health, say experts in The BMJ. In a series of articles published today, Mark Bellis at Liverpool John Moores University and international colleagues lay out the direct and wider harms ...

Embargoed for release until 5:00 p.m. ET on Monday 1 September 2025    Follow @Annalsofim on X, Facebook, Instagram, Bluesky, and Linkedin              Below please find summaries of new articles that will be published in the next issue of Annals of Internal Medicine. The summaries are not intended to substitute for the full articles as a source of information. This information is under strict embargo and by taking it into possession, media representatives are committing to the terms of the embargo not only on their own behalf, but also on behalf of the organization ...

In 1951, physicist Julian Schwinger theorized that by applying a uniform electrical field to a vacuum, electron-positron pairs would be spontaneously created out of nothing, through a phenomenon called quantum tunnelling. The problem with turning the matter-out-of-nowhere theory into Star Trek replicators or transporters? Enormously high electric fields would be required—far beyond the limits of any direct physical experiments.  As a result, the aptly named Schwinger effect has never been seen.  Now theoretical physicists at the University of British Columbia (UBC) have described a parallel effect in a more manageable system. In their model, ...

With the power to rewrite the genetic code underlying countless diseases, CRISPR holds immense promise to revolutionize medicine. But until scientists can deliver its gene-editing machinery safely and efficiently into relevant cells and tissues, that promise will remain out of reach. Now, Northwestern University chemists have unveiled a new type of nanostructure that dramatically improves CRISPR delivery and potentially extends its scope of utility. Called lipid nanoparticle spherical nucleic acids (LNP-SNAs), these tiny structures carry the full set of CRISPR editing tools — Cas9 enzymes, ...

During the dry season in Central America (generally between December and April), northern trade winds generate upwelling events in the ocean waters of the Gulf of Panama. Upwelling is a process that allows cold, nutrient-rich waters from the depths of the ocean to rise to the surface. This dynamic supports highly productive fisheries and helps protect coral reefs from thermal stress. Thanks to this movement of water, the sea along Panama’s Pacific beaches remains cooler during the "summer" vacation season. Scientists from the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI) have studied this phenomenon and their records show that this seasonal upwelling, ...

Depression alters how people pursue rewards, but, conversely, whether depressive symptoms influence how people learn to avoid nonrewarding, unpleasant events is less clear. Ryan Tomm and colleagues, from the University of British Colombia, addressed this question in their eNeuro paper to shed more light on the relationship between depression and learning. This work brought together researchers from preclinical, cognitive, and clinical backgrounds, building stronger connections across fields to better understand the mechanisms of depression.    The researchers developed a behavioral task for study volunteers based off rodent research ...

The most common type of brain tumor in children, pilocytic astrocytoma (PA), accounts for about 15% of all pediatric brain tumors. Although this type of tumor is usually not life-threatening, the unchecked growth of tumor cells can disrupt normal brain development and function. Current treatments focus mainly on removing the tumor cells, but recent studies have shown that non-cancerous cells, such as nerve cells, also play a role in brain tumor formation and growth, suggesting novel approaches to treating these cancers. Scientists have long known that a nerve cell signaling chemical called glutamate can increase growth of cancers throughout the body, but despite ...

Common shrews are one of only a handful of mammals known to flexibly shrink and regrow their brains. This rare seasonal cycle, known as Dehnel’s phenomenon, has puzzled scientists for decades. How can a brain lose volume and regrow months later without sustaining permanent damage? A study using non-invasive MRI has scanned the brains of shrews undergoing shrinkage, identifying a key molecule involved in the phenomenon: water. “Our shrews lost nine percent of their brains during shrinkage, but the cells did not die,” says first author Dr. Cecilia Baldoni, a postdoctoral researcher from the Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior ...

UCLA engineers have developed a wearable, noninvasive brain-computer interface system that utilizes artificial intelligence as a co-pilot to help infer user intent and complete tasks by moving a robotic arm or a computer cursor. Published in Nature Machine Intelligence, the study shows that the interface demonstrates a new level of performance in noninvasive brain-computer interface, or BCI, systems. This could lead to a range of technologies to help people with limited physical capabilities, such as those with paralysis or neurological conditions, handle and move objects more easily and precisely. The team developed custom algorithms to decode electroencephalography, or EEG — ...

Black adults first hospitalized for heart failure in the U.S. at age 60.1, vs. 73.6 for white adults Hispanic patients first hospitalized at 65.4; Asian American patients at 70.6 CHICAGO --- Black adults in the U.S. are first hospitalized for heart failure nearly 14 years earlier than white adults, reports a Northwestern Medicine study that analyzed data from more than 42,000 patients across hundreds of hospitals nationwide. The study also found that Hispanic patients were hospitalized about eight years earlier than white patients, and Asian patients about three years earlier. On average, white patients were first hospitalized ...

A team of Chilean researchers has identified, for the first time in the country, the presence of KPC-type carbapenemase-producing bacteria in wastewater samples from the Greater Concepción Metropolitan Area. The finding, published in the journal Biological Research, raises concerns about the environmental circulation of microorganisms with high levels of resistance to critical clinically used antibiotics and reinforces the need for surveillance within the framework of "One Health." The research, which was part of Franco Ilabaca's Master's thesis in Microbiology, was led by Dr. ...

Conference: “Late Breaking Science” presentation at the European Society of Cardiology - AI driven cardiovascular biomarkers and clinical decisions Title: Graph Neural Network Automation of Anticoagulation Decision-Making Date: Embargo lifts Monday, September 1, 4:00 pm EDT Bottom Line: Mount Sinai researchers developed an AI model to make individualized treatment recommendations for atrial fibrillation (AF) patients—helping clinicians accurately decide whether or not to treat them with anticoagulants (blood thinner medications) to prevent stroke, which is currently the standard treatment course in this patient population. This model presents a completely ...

About The Study: In this secondary analysis of the AZALEA-TIMI 71 randomized clinical trial, abelacimab consistently reduced the risk of bleeding relative to rivaroxaban irrespective of kidney function. These findings suggest that abelacimab may offer a particularly favorable safety profile among those with chronic kidney disease; however, larger studies are necessary to characterize the efficacy of abelacimab for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Siddharth M. Patel, MD, MPH, email spatel@bwh.harvard.edu.  To access the embargoed study: Visit our For ...

Measurements with a miniature camera inside the coronary arteries can accurately predict whether someone will suffer a recurrent heart attack. Until now, interpreting these images was so complex that only specialized laboratories could perform it. A new study from Radboud university medical center shows that AI can reliably take over this analysis and rapidly assess arteries for weak spots. A heart attack occurs when a coronary artery, which supplies the heart with blood, is blocked by a blood clot. This can occur when atherosclerosis causes artery narrowing, resulting in the heart receiving too little oxygen. Treatment typically ...

Patients with chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME/CFS) have heightened innate immune responses to bacteria, viruses and fungi. While these responses are essential to fight infection, they can cause damage when unchecked. Led by researchers at the Center for Infection and Immunity (CII) at Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health with a multicenter team of leading ME/CFS researchers, the new study reveals molecular-level details into the syndrome’s lasting effects on inflammation and immune response that could inform the development of targeted therapeutic interventions to ...

SAN ANTONIO, Sept. 1, 2025 – UTSA and The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (UT Health San Antonio) today merged to form The University of Texas at San Antonio (UT San Antonio), a premier global university that is deeply committed to making lives better for the communities it serves. As a merged institution, UT San Antonio now ranks as the third-largest public research university in Texas according to annual research expenditures, behind only Texas A&M University and the University of Texas at Austin. UT San Antonio’s comprehensive enterprise now includes approximately 40,000 students, 17,000 employees and more than $486 million in annual ...

About The Study: Among unselected patients with acute myocardial infarction, routine H pylori screening did not significantly reduce the risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Robin Hofmann, MD, PhD, email robin.hofmann@ki.se. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support. Embed this link to provide your readers ...

The European Space Agency-led Solar Orbiter mission has split the flood of energetic particles flung out into space from the Sun into two groups, tracing each back to a different kind of outburst from our star. The Sun is the most energetic particle accelerator in the Solar System. It whips up electrons to nearly the speed of light and flings them out into space, flooding the Solar System with so-called ‘Solar Energetic Electrons’ (SEEs). Researchers have now used Solar Orbiter to pinpoint the source of these energetic electrons and trace what we see out in space back to what’s actually ...

NAGOYA, Japan — In late September 2025, KIOXIA Iwate Corporation (Koichiro Shibayama CEO) will begin evaluating a GaN-based e-beam technology developed through joint research between Photo electron Soul Inc. (PeS; Takayuki Suzuki CEO), a Nagoya University startup, and the Amano–Honda Laboratory at Nagoya University. PeS has developed a next-generation electron gun specialized for GaN (gallium nitride) photocathodes and has demonstrated its effectiveness for semiconductor inspection and metrology (I&M), enabling electron microscopy of nanoscale transistors and high-aspect-ratio structures. These ...

by Prof Heidi Newberg The Earth supports the only known life in the universe, all of it depending heavily on the presence of liquid water to facilitate chemical reactions. While single-celled life has existed almost as long as the Earth itself, it took roughly three billion years for multicellular life to form. Human life has existed for less than one 10 thousandth of the age of the Earth. All of this suggests that life might be common on planets that support liquid water, but it might be uncommon to find life that studies the universe and seeks to travel ...

The widely used diabetes drug metformin changes blood metal levels in humans. The Kobe University study is an important step in understanding the drug’s many actions and designing better ones in the future. Metformin is the most widely prescribed diabetes drug in the world. Apart from lowering blood sugar levels, it is also known to have a broad range of beneficial side effects such as against tumors, inflammations and atherosclerosis. However, although it has been used for more than 60 years ...

About The Study: Among patients without documented atrial arrhythmia recurrence after catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation, discontinuing oral anticoagulant therapy resulted in a lower risk for the composite outcome of stroke, systemic embolism, and major bleeding vs continuing direct oral anticoagulant therapy.  Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Boyoung Joung, MD, email cby6908@yuhs.ac. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/ Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and ...

About The Study: Fractional flow reserve-guided complete revascularization during the index procedure resulted in a significant reduction in the composite of all-cause death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, any revascularization, and stroke at 1 year. This was mainly driven by reduced repeat revascularization.  Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Tobias F. S. Pustjens, MD, email t.pustjens@gmail.com. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link ...