Himiko and the cosmic dawn Hubble and ALMA observations probe the primitive nature of a distant 'space blob' The Subaru Telescope, an 8.2-meter telescope operated by the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, has been combing the night sky since 1999. ...

Megafloods: What they leave behind South-central Idaho and the surface of Mars have an interesting geological feature in common: amphitheater-headed canyons. These U-shaped canyons with tall vertical headwalls are found near the Snake River in Idaho as well ...

Assessing others: Evaluating the expertise of humans and computer algorithms How do we come to recognize expertise in another person and integrate new information with our prior assessments of that person's ability? The brain mechanisms underlying these sorts ...

Massive galaxy cluster verifies predictions of cosmological theory First detection of the Kinetic SZ Effect in an individual galaxy cluster By observing a high-speed component of a massive galaxy cluster, Caltech/JPL scientists and collaborators have detected ...

World's largest animal genome belongs to locust Offering new insight into explaining their swarming and long-distance migratory behaviors January 14, 2014, Shenzhen, China - Researchers from Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, BGI and other institutes have successfully decoded ...

Altering the community of gut bacteria promotes health and increases lifespan Study published in Cell provides first systemic understanding of aging gut Scientists at the Buck Institute for Research on Aging have promoted health and increased lifespan ...

Drugs that weaken traumatic memories hold promise for PTSD treatment Memories of traumatic events often last a lifetime because they are so difficult to treat through behavioral approaches. A preclinical study in mice published by Cell Press January 16th in the journal Cell ...

The life cycle of a jellyfish (and a way to control it) Those free-swimming jellyfish in the sea don't start out in that familiar medusa form, but rather start as sessile and asexual polyps. Now, researchers reporting in the Cell Press journal Current Biology on January ...

JCI early table of contents for Jan. 16, 2014 Macrophages target tumor cells following monoclonal antibody therapy Monoclonal antibodies directed against tumor antigens have proven effective for treating some forms of cancer. Despite the increasing use ...

Macrophages target tumor cells following monoclonal antibody therapy Monoclonal antibodies directed against tumor antigens have proven effective for treating some forms of cancer. Despite the increasing use of monoclonal antibody therapy, it is not clear ...

Targeting a cell cycle inhibitor promotes beta cell replication One of the factors underlying the development of type 2 diabetes is loss of β cell mass, resulting in decreased insulin production. Once lost, β cell mass cannot be restored. In ...

Unraveling misfolded molecules using 'reprogrammed' yeast protein Implications for new brain disease therapies PHILADELPHIA - At the heart of brain diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's ...

The symphony of life, revealed A new imaging technique captures the vibrations of proteins, tiny motions critical to human life BUFFALO, N.Y. — Like the strings on a violin or the pipes of an organ, the proteins in the human body vibrate in different patterns, scientists ...

How metabolism and brain activity are linked Study sheds light on why diet may help control seizures in epilepsy patients A new study by scientists at McGill University and the University of Zurich shows a direct link between metabolism in brain cells and ...

Study identifies drug that could improve treatment of PTSD New study identifies drug that could improve treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder CAMBRIDGE, Mass-- Nearly 8 million Americans suffer from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a condition ...

Preventing cell death from infection: Scientists demonstrate method to find new therapies LA JOLLA, CA—January 16, 2014—Scientists at The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) have demonstrated the power of a new drug discovery technique, which allows them to find—relatively ...

5,900 natural gas leaks discovered under Washington, D.C. A dozen locations had concentrations high enough to trigger explosion DURHAM, NC – More than 5,893 leaks from aging natural gas pipelines have been found under the streets of Washington, D.C. by a research team from Duke ...

Scientists discover 2 proteins that control chandelier cell architecture Chandelier cells, a group of powerful inhibitory neurons, are important in epilepsy and schizophrenia Cold Spring Harbor, NY – Chandelier cells are neurons that use their unique shape to ...

Research sheds new light on heritability of disease Study explores the role DNA plays to predispose individuals to diseases BOSTON - A group of international researchers, led by a research fellow in the Harvard Medical School-affiliated ...

Immune cells may heal an injured heart The immune system plays an important role in the heart's response to injury. But until recently, confusing data made it difficult to distinguish the immune factors that encourage the heart to heal following ...

Space station MAXI-mizing our understanding of the universe Look up at the night sky ... do you see it? The stars of the cosmos bursting in magnificent explosions of death and rebirth! No? Well, then maybe you are not looking through the "eyes" of the Monitor ...

Unsafe at any level Very low blood alcohol content associated with causing car crashes Even "minimally buzzed" drivers are more often to blame for fatal car crashes than the sober drivers they collide with, reports a University of California, San Diego ...

Meltwater from Tibetan glaciers floods pastures Glaciers are important indicators of climate change. Global warming causes mountain glaciers to melt, which, apart from the shrinking of the Greenlandic and Antarctic ice sheets, is regarded as one of the main ...

Typhoid fever -- A race against time The life-threatening disease typhoid fever results from the ongoing battle between the bacterial pathogen Salmonella and the immune cells of the body. Prof. Dirk Bumann's research group at the Biozentrum of the University of Basel has ...

Stem cells overcome damage in other cells by exporting mitochondria