Endoscopies could be replaced by far less invasive capsule sponge tests for half of all patients with Barrett’s oesophagus, a known precursor to oesophageal cancer, according to a new study from researchers at the University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital and Queen Mary University of London. The capsule sponge test is easier to administer and could be carried out by nurses and at GP practices, reducing the burden on NHS resources. Oesophageal cancer is difficult to treat, with fewer than one in five patients surviving for five or more years following ...

New research has cast doubts over suggestions an incestuous social elite ruled over the ancient people of Ireland more than 5,000 years ago. Researchers examined the evidence from burials of individuals at the Newgrange prehistoric monument in Ireland - a large circular mound containing a chamber where cremated and unburnt human remains were placed, the discovery of which led to speculation that those buried there must have been from an elite class or a royal family. In 2020, the DNA analysis of a bone skull fragment found in the chamber, however, suggested that at least one of the individuals buried there was the result of a relationship ...

Irvine, Calif., June 23, 2025 — Researchers at the University of California, Irvine have successfully performed preclinical laboratory testing of a replacement heart valve intended for toddlers and young children with congenital cardiac defects, a key step toward obtaining approval for human use. The results of their study were published recently in Journal of the American Heart Association. The management of patients with congenital heart disease who require surgical pulmonary valve replacement typically occurs between the ages of 2 and 10. To be eligible for a minimally invasive transcatheter ...

BIRMINGHAM, Ala. – Human exposure to toxic particles drives various diseases. Examples include gout, an acute arthritis driven by monosodium urate crystals, or MSUc; CPPD disease, another inflammatory joint disease driven by calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals, or CPPDc; and the lung disease silicosis, driven by inhaled silica-derived nanoparticles. Macrophages are the specialized phagocytic cells that respond to toxic particle depositions to exert inflammatory and clearance responses. These long-lived immune cells engulf foreign substances like toxic particles, as well as pathogens like cancer ...

Aimlessly wandering around a city or exploring the new mall may seem unproductive, but new research from HHMI’s Janelia Research Campus suggests it could play an important role in how our brains learn. By simultaneously recording the activity of tens of thousands of neurons, a team of scientists from the Pachitariu and Stringer labs discovered that learning may occur even when there are no specific tasks or goals involved.   The new research finds that as animals explore their environment, neurons in the visual cortex—the brain area responsible for processing visual information—encode ...

A new clinical trial found that taking a popular diabetes and weight-loss drug once weekly significantly improves blood sugar and leads to substantial weight loss in adults with Type 1 diabetes who use automated insulin delivery systems. The results were published today in the journal NEJM Evidence. Semaglutide is a medication that belongs to a class of drugs known as glucagon-like peptide-1, or GLP-1, receptor agonists. Sold under the trade names such as Ozempic, Wegovy and Rybelsus, the drug was initially developed for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes, helping to manage blood sugar levels. The 26-week, double-blind study involved ...

UNIVERSITY PARK, Pa. — Mabel Ramos’s favorite song is “Ghostbusters” by Ray Parker Junior. From morning until night, if Mabel is awake, she is listening and dancing to — or asking to listen to — the number one Billboard hit from 1984. Though some parents might be annoyed by listening to a single song repeatedly, her father, Mark Ramos, said he is delighted by his daughter’s ability to dance, communicate and express her enthusiasm. Mabel, who is five years old, has autism spectrum disorder. Mark, assistant research professor of health policy and administration at ...

Smartwatch features that measure heart rates, oxygen levels, fitness levels and sleep quality have been marketed as valuable tools for people who are eager to monitor their health. But what if these features could do more than detect potential health issues — what if they could prevent potential health disasters such as pandemics? Recent studies have demonstrated that smartwatches’ health apps and sensors provide enough information to accurately predict when a person has become infected with a disease like COVID-19 or the flu, even within as few as 12 hours after infection.  In a study published this March in PNAS Nexus, researchers ...

NEW ORLEANS—A novel molecular imaging agent targeting glypican-3 (GPC3) has demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity in detecting hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), including tumors smaller than one centimeter, according to results from a pilot clinical study. The agent, 68Ga-aGPC3-scFv, coded as XH06, was shown to be safe, well-tolerated, and effective at providing high-contrast images of GPC3-positive liver tumors, offering a promising new tool for early diagnosis and staging of HCC—one of the most lethal forms of liver cancer. ...

A new AI-based technology that rapidly maps the brain to locate sensitive areas that control speech, vision, movement and other critical functions has received authorization from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), enabling it to be marketed to hospitals with the aim of enhancing the precision of neurosurgeries. The technology was developed by researchers and clinicians at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis to more precisely guide neurosurgeons in performing delicate brain surgeries to remove tumors or treat epilepsy, for example. The Cirrus Resting ...

NEW ORLEANS (June 23, 2025)—A novel PET radiotracer can accurately detect a wide range of mold species that are linked to dangerous infections, according to new research presented at the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging 2025 Annual Meeting. The imaging agent has the potential to dramatically enhance the diagnosis and monitoring of invasive mold infections in patients. Advances in cancer and immunosuppressive treatments have helped many patients live longer, but they also leave more people with weakened immune systems, making invasive mold ...

In 2025-06-18, the highly anticipated 2024 Journal Citation Reports (JCR) were released, revealing significant progress for the journal Current Pharmaceutical Analysis (CPA). The journal has achieved an impact factor of 1.5, marking a remarkable doubling from the previous year. This accomplishment underscores CPA's growing academic influence and recognition within the field of pharmacology and pharmacy. The impact factor, a core metric for evaluating a journal's academic impact, reflects the average ...

Embargoed for release until 5:00 p.m. ET on Monday 23 June 2025    Follow @Annalsofim on X, Facebook, Instagram, threads, and Linkedin         Below please find summaries of new articles that will be published in the next issue of Annals of Internal Medicine. The summaries are not intended to substitute full articles as a source of information. This information is under strict embargo and by taking it into possession, media representatives are committing to the terms of the embargo not only on their own behalf, but also on behalf of the organization they represent.    ----------------------------       1. ...

Sindhu Jagadamma, associate professor of soil science at the University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, will receive the Soil and Water Conservation Society’s 2025 Conservation Research Award at the society’s annual conference in August. Soil health is critical for sustainable food production, and Jagadamma’s research in her Sustainable Soil Management Lab are developing ways to mitigate soil and environmental problems associated with conventional farm management practices. Her team studies how to maintain soil health through the implementation of conservation management, ...

Researchers at HSE University analysed over 4,000 examples of Russian spoken by bilinguals for whom Russian is a second language, collected from seven regions of Russia. They found that most non-standard numeral constructions are influenced not only by the speakers’ native languages but also by how frequently these expressions occur in everyday speech. For example, common phrases like 'two hours' or 'five kilometres’ almost always match the standard literary form, while less familiar expressions—especially ...

As the climate warms, many species are shifting northward into areas that were previously too cold for them. A new study on the wall brown butterfly, published in the scientific journal PNAS, shows that rapid evolution can aid this process – but only up to a point. Cold winters stop further expansion beyond certain climatic limits. “Our results show that even though the butterflies adapt their life cycle as they move northwards, there are limits that evolution cannot easily overcome,” says Mats Ittonen, one of the lead authors of the study done by researchers at the Department of Zoology, Stockholm University. The wall brown (Lasiommata ...

Researchers have revealed the declining health of coastal marshes several years before visible signs of decline, providing an early warning and opportunity to protect an ecosystem that serves as the first line of defense against coastal flooding.    Scientists from Colorado State University, the University of Georgia and the University of Texas at Austin developed a model to detect early signs of marsh decline using satellite observations. The model identified vulnerable marshes along Georgia’s coast by ...

New research from the University of California, Davis, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Texas A&M University reveals that massive emissions, or burps, of carbon dioxide from natural earth systems led to significant decreases in ocean oxygen concentrations some 300 million years ago.    Combining geochemical analyses of sediment cores and advanced climate modeling, the study, published June 23 in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, highlights five periods when significant decreases in ocean oxygen levels (by 4% to 12%) coincided with significant increases ...

A new study in the peer-reviewed journal Psychedelic Medicine demonstrated in this sample that Muslims living in the United States (MLUS) showed moderate openness to psychedelics in mental health therapy. Click here to read the article now. MLUS have a history of rejecting mental health services. Syed Fayzan Rab, MD, a researcher at the Emory Center for Psychedelics and Spirituality, and coauthors of the study, reported a weak negative correlation between rejection attitudes toward mental health and acceptance of psychedelics. “Moderate openness to psychedelics ...

Many early-career scientists continue their academic careers at the same university where they studied, a practice known as academic inbreeding. A researcher at the HSE Institute of Education analysed the impact of academic inbreeding on publication activity in the natural sciences and mathematics. The study found that the impact is ambiguous and depends on various factors, including the university's geographical location, its financial resources, and the state of the regional academic employment market. A paper with the study findings has been published in Research Policy.  In Russia, nearly half of all PhD holders continue working ...

-With images-   The Vera C. Rubin Observatory has today released its long-awaited first images of the night sky, marking the beginning of the most ambitious astronomical survey in history – the Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST).   This significant project, over two decades in the making, will provide an ultra-high-definition, time-lapse view of the southern sky over the next ten years, capturing the evolution of the Universe in motion.   Each night, the Rubin Observatory ...

Background The advancements in tactile perception and feedback technologies have propelled the interaction between humans and the digital realm, spurring innovative applications across various fields, including virtual reality, augmented reality, disability assistance, and communication. At present, surface tactile feedback devices predominantly operate through two mechanisms: electrical stimulation and mechanical vibration. Electrical stimulation works by directly stimulating nerves with an electric current, ...

Music improves mood and memory to such an extent that treatment strategies for diseases like Alzheimer’s or dementia sometimes incorporate music. But how music boosts memory remains unclear. In a new JNeurosci paper, Kayla Clark, from Rice University, and Stephanie Leal, from University of California, Los Angeles, explored what features of music improve memory in humans.  After study participants viewed images of everyday experiences, the researchers played music and manipulated its features. Some features—like whether songs were happy or sad, or song familiarity—had ...

Si LSI manufacturing technology is essential as the foundation of modern society. However, there was no wafer-scale technology for rapid, non-destructive, and non-contact evaluation of the internal electric field distribution, carrier transport characteristics, defects, and high-speed response of devices, which are being miniaturized and made three-dimensional to achieve high-density integration of electronic devices.   In a new paper published in Light: Science & Applications, an international team of scientists ...

Understanding the structure of hadrons, such as protons and neutrons, is currently one of the most important goals for researchers studying nuclear and particle physics. Hadrons consist of quarks and gluons, together called partons. The behavior of partons inside hadrons is described by mathematical tools called parton distribution functions (PDFs), which tell us the probability of finding partons carrying a fraction x of the hadron's total momentum. Until recently, PDFs were mainly determined by fitting data obtained from decades of high-energy experiments, a process known as phenomenological modeling. Recently, the interest in calculating PDFs from ...